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Knowledge of causes, clinical features and diagnosis of common zoonoses among medical practitioners in Tanzania

Authors: Kunda, John; Rudovic, Kazwala; Godfrey S, Mfinanga;

Knowledge of causes, clinical features and diagnosis of common zoonoses among medical practitioners in Tanzania

Abstract

Abstract Background Many factors have been mentioned as contributing to under-diagnosis and under-reporting of zoonotic diseases particularly in the sub-Sahara African region. These include poor disease surveillance coverage, poor diagnostic capacity, the geographical distribution of those most affected and lack of clear strategies to address the plight of zoonotic diseases. The current study investigates the knowledge of medical practitioners of zoonotic diseases as a potential contributing factor to their under-diagnosis and hence under-reporting. Methods The study was designed as a cross-sectional survey. Semi-structured open-ended questionnaire was administered to medical practitioners to establish the knowledge of anthrax, rabies, brucellosis, trypanosomiasis, echinococcosis and bovine tuberculosis in selected health facilities within urban and rural settings in Tanzania between April and May 2005. Frequency data were analyzed using likelihood ratio chi-square in Minitab version 14 to compare practitioners' knowledge of transmission, clinical features and diagnosis of the zoonoses in the two settings. For each analysis, likelihood ratio chi-square p-value of less than 0.05 was considered to be significant. Fisher's exact test was used where expected results were less than five. Results Medical practitioners in rural health facilities had poor knowledge of transmission of sleeping sickness and clinical features of anthrax and rabies in humans compared to their urban counterparts. In both areas the practitioners had poor knowledge of how echinococcosis is transmitted to humans, clinical features of echinococcosis in humans, and diagnosis of bovine tuberculosis in humans. Conclusion Knowledge of medical practitioners of zoonotic diseases could be a contributing factor to their under-diagnosis and under-reporting in Tanzania. Refresher courses on zoonotic diseases should be conducted particularly to practitioners in rural areas. More emphasis should be put on zoonotic diseases in teaching curricula of medical practitioners' training institutions in Tanzania to improve the diagnosis, reporting and control of zoonotic diseases. Veterinary and medical collaboration should be strengthened to enable more effective control of zoonotic diseases in Tanzania.

Country
Tanzania (United Republic of)
Related Organizations
Subjects by Vocabulary

Microsoft Academic Graph classification: Veterinary medicine medicine.medical_specialty Cross-sectional study Medical microbiology medicine Disease surveillance biology Transmission (medicine) business.industry Rural health biology.organism_classification Tanzania Communicable disease transmission Family medicine Rural area business

Library of Congress Subject Headings: lcsh:Infectious and parasitic diseases lcsh:RC109-216

Keywords

Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice, Health Personnel, Rural Health, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216, Communicable Diseases, Tanzania, Emerging and Re-emerging Infectious Diseases, Surveys and Questionnaires, Zoonoses, Animals, Humans, Urban Health, Cross-Sectional Studies, Infectious Diseases, Research Article

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10. Shirima GM, Fitzpatrick J, Cleaveland S, Kambarage DM, Kazwala RR, Kunda J, French NP: Participatory Survey on Zoonoses Affecting Livestock Keeping Communities in Tanzania. Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances 2003, 4(2):253-258.

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    This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
    Top 10%
    influence
    This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
    Top 10%
    impulse
    This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
    Top 10%
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citations
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
70
Top 10%
Top 10%
Top 10%
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