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Half of Bosnia and Herzegovina’s (BH) population lives in rural areas. Agricultural production is a backbone of the rural economy and generates significant economic value for the country. BH is highly vulnerable to climate change, which poses a significant development challenge given the climate-sensitivity of the agricultural sector, the share of agriculture in the total economy, the number of people employed in the sector, and the closely related socio-economic issues of food security. BH has experienced serious incidences of extreme weather events over the past two decades, causing severe economic losses. Based on available data and currently available climate projections, exposure to threats from climate change will continue to increase. The review paper presents the current state of the BH agricultural sector and the impact of potential climate change on agricultural systems. It proposes policy options to optimize opportunities and mitigate consequences of possible climate change in the agricultural sector. Development of policy and research capacity should include harmonisation and centralisation of domestic agricultural policies, carrying out a vulnerability assessment and strengthening the public and private extension systems. Further technological development should include improvements in weather and climate information systems, crop development, irrigation and water management. -

Inverse kinematics algorithms are commonly used in robotic systems to transform tasks to joint references, and several methods exist to ensure the achievement of several tasks simultaneously. The multiple task-priority inverse kinematics framework allows tasks to be considered in a prioritized order by projecting task velocities through the null spaces of higher-priority tasks. This paper extends this framework to handle set-based tasks, i.e., tasks with a range of valid values, in addition to equality tasks, which have a specific desired value. Examples of set-based tasks are joint limit and obstacle avoidance. The proposed method is proven to ensure asymptotic convergence of the equality task errors and the satisfaction of all high-priority set-based tasks. The practical implementation of the proposed algorithm is discussed, and experimental results are presented where a number of both set-based and equality tasks have been implemented on a 6 degree of freedom UR5, which is an industrial robotic arm from Universal Robots. The experiments validate the theoretical results and confirm the effectiveness of the proposed approach. Copyright © 2016 Moe, Antonelli, Teel, Pettersen and Schrimpf. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY).

Children as young as ten-years-old can legally work as hired farm labor in the United States. In North Carolina, many hired children are part of the Latinx farmworker community. Agriculture is a hazardous industry, and child workers experience high rates of injury, illness, and mortality. As part of a community-based participatory research study, we draw from thirty in-depth interviews with Latinx child farmworkers aged ten to seventeen to describe their experiences of personal and observed workplace injury and close calls. Nearly all child workers had experienced or observed some form of injury, with several reporting close calls that could have resulted in severe injury or fatality. Overall, children reported a reactive approach to injury prevention and normalized pain as part of the job. Highlighting Latinx child farmworkers’ structural “vulnerability, this analysis contextualizes understanding of workplace injury among this largely hidden population. We offer policy recommendations to protect and support these vulnerable workers. This is an Accepted Manuscript of an article published by Sage Publications in New Solutions: A Journal of Environmental and Occupational Health Policy, on 13. may 2021, available online: https://doi.org/10.1177/10482911211017556.

In this paper, we study how sea surface temperature variations in the North Atlantic and the Norwegian Sea are correlated with the climate in the Northern Hemisphere in late Holocene. The analysis is performed by testing statistical hypotheses through novel scale space methodologies. In late Holocene, the proposed techniques reveal that the climate development in the subpolar North Atlantic has been incoherent with the development in the Norwegian Sea and the Northern Hemisphere. A prominent discrepancy between the three analyzed series is identified for the periods associated with the Medieval Warm Period and the Little Ice Age. A divergence between the oceanic series and the global Northern Hemisphere temperature estimate detected in the twentieth century is in line with the inferred imprint of recent climate change which suggests accentuated warming, in particular over continental regions. Overall, the results obtained by scale space analysis underscore the significance of the northern North Atlantic in shaping the climate globally, mainly through changes in the strength and structure of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation.

Driftsgranskingane er ei årleg rekneskapsgransking som omfattar om lag 870 bruk over heile landet. Grunnlagsmaterialet for denne granskinga er omfattande, og mange data vert det ikkje plass til i den landsdekkande publikasjonen. Dette notatet inneheld lokale data frå Aust-Agder, Vest-Agder og Rogaland. Notatet er basert på driftsgranskingsdata frå dei tre fylka. I alt omfattar granskinga 91 bruk frå Rogaland og 53 bruk frå Agder-fylka. Bruka vert delt inn i to regionar, «Jæren» og «Agder og Rogaland andre bygder».

A new class and a new order (Drabo corymbosae-Papaveretea dahliani and Saxifrago oppositifoliae-Papaveretalia dahliani) have been described, and the Papaverion dahliani validated. This is vegetation of zonal habitats in lowlands of the High Arctic subzone A (or Arctic herb, cushion forb or polar desert subzone) and of ecologically equivalent sites at high altitudes on the mountain plateaus of the High Arctic. The new class spans three continents – North America (Canadian Arctic Archipelago and Greenland), Europe (parts of Svalbard and Franz Josef Land), and Asia, including northern regions of Chelyuskin Peninsula (Taymir Peninsula), Severnaya Zemlya Archipelago and De Longa Islands. Opisali smo nov razred in red (Drabo corymbosae-Papaveretea dahliani in Saxifrago oppositifoliae-Papaveretalia dahliani) in validirali zvezo Papaverion dahliani. To je conalna vegetacija v nižinah visoke artktične podcone A (ali arktična zelišča, blazinaste zelišča ali polarna puščavska podcona) in ekološko enakovredna rastišča na višjih nadmorskih višinah na gorskih platojih visoke Arktike. Nov razred je razširjen na treh kontinentih – Severni Ameriki (kandski arktični ahipelag in Grenlandija), Evropi (deli Svalbarda in Dežela Franca Jožefa) in Aziji vključno s severnimi deli polotoka Chelyuskin (polotok Taymir), arhipelag Severnaya Zemlya in otoki De Longa.

I rapporten søker vi å beregne mengden av tilførte næringsstoffer fra forskjellige kilder til Kaupangerelva i Sogndal kommune i Indre Sogn. Dette er gjort på bakgrunn av målet om å oppnå god miljøstatus i vannet. Beregninger av fosfortilførsler er utført for spredt avløp, jordbruk og bakgrunnsavrenning (utmarksavrenning), men utfordringer med å oppnå god miljøstatus synes i stor grad å være relatert til fiskedød og andre forurensninger enn fosfor som årsak til dette. Det foreslåes tiltak på jordbrukssiden samt tiltak knyttet til deponi og industriaktivitet, men en kvantifisering av den faktiskte effekten på vannkvaliteten av disse tiltakene er ikke behandlet i denne rapporten. Næringsstofftilførsler og vannkvalitet i Kaupangerelva, Sogndal kommune. Problemkartlegging og tiltaksanalyse