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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Philippe Bonnal; Ademir Antonio Cazella; Renato S. Maluf;

    (Multifunctionality of agriculture and territorial development: implications and challenges for uniting these approaches). The paper addresses the relationships between the notions of multifunctionality of agriculture and territory aiming at discussing the implications and challenges for uniting the approaches of multifunctionality and territorial development. Its reasoning is based on the results of field research in eight areas or territories located in different regions of the country whose focus was to identify if territorial dynamics and collective projects in these areas take into account family farmers in their multiple functions and social heterogeneity.

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    Estudos Sociedade e Agricultura
    Article . 2013
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    Estudos Sociedade e Agricultura
    Article . 2013
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    Agritrop
    Article . 2008
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Estudos Sociedade e ...arrow_drop_down
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      Estudos Sociedade e Agricultura
      Article . 2013
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      Estudos Sociedade e Agricultura
      Article . 2013
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      Agritrop
      Article . 2008
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  • Authors: Le Strat, Adeline; Santos, Jeater; Dubreuil, Vincent;

    http://www.dsr.inpe.br/sbsr2011/files/p0947.pdfhttp://www.dsr.inpe.br/sbsr2011/files/p0947.pdf; International audience; The aim of this study is to show the land-cover changes after the construction of a hydroelectric dam in the central south state of Mato Grosso (Brazil) and the impact of this from an environmental point of view. With the use of satellite imagery it is possible to show which areas of vegetation flood and those which are always clear of the water: for example: cerrado, pasture land, forest, culture. The multi temporal study permits us to evaluate and quantify the change in land cover in the flood plain after the creation of the dam. This study presents the evolution of the land use in the flood plain during the 17 years, before and after the construction of the dam (between 1992 and 2009).To allow comparisons and interpretations of data, the images used were provided by the sensor Landsat-TM with atmospheric and geometric corrections. The useful agricultural land on the floodplain increased more than 100%, in 17 years. The areas of cerrado or forest which became arable or pasture formed 22.5 % of the total territory. The implantation of the dam and the land-use changes which resulted have had and will continue to have major repercussions on the environmental and territorial organisation.

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    Authors: Arcanjo De Lima, Ricardo; Aventurier, Pascal; Fausto, Sibele;

    Este estudo analisa a colaboração Brasil-França na área de Ciências Agrárias através de indicadores bibliométricos de atividade e ligação (coautoria), usando como fonte artigos indexados entre 2004 e 2013 na categoria Agricultural and Biological Sciences da base de dados Scopus. Os dados recuperados foram tratados no aplicativo VantagePoint® e os resultados indicam que a cooperação representada em coautorias entre os dois países evoluiu com uma média de 148,10 artigos por ano, a uma taxa de crescimento anual médio de 11,79%. Como assuntos de interesse, tem-se Taxonomia, Amazônia, Eucalipto e Cerrado liderando em número de publicações. Destacam-se os periódicos que apresentaram maior número de artigos publicados bem como a rede de instituições brasileiras e francesas com maior colaboração. O estudo evidencia aspectos importantes da parceria entre Brasil e França, considerando a bibliometria como uma ferramenta de apoio para a análise da cooperação científica.

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    DOAJ
    Article . 2014
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    ProdInra
    Article . 2014
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    Em Questão
    Article . 2014
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    Research . 2014
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  • Authors: Santos, Jeater; Dubreuil, Vincent;

    http://www.eregeo.agbjatai.org/anais/textos/95.pdf; National audience; O bom uso e a conservação dos recursos naturais passam necessariamente pelo acesso da sociedadeas informações do monitoramento da qualidade dos recursos hídricos. Nesse sentido, asgeotecnologias podem dar importante contribuição, uma vez que reduzem os custos e assimpermitem disponibilizar com maior freqüência, informações sobre a qualidade das águassuperficiais de grandes corpos hídricos como os de reservatório de hidrelétricas. Assim, estetrabalho teve como objetivo mapear a distribuição da matéria sólida suspensa nas águas superficiaisdo reservatório de Manso no estado de Mato Grosso, através do emprego de recursos desensoriamento remoto. Para tanto, foram utilizados dados de parâmetros limnológicos coletados insitu e imagens Landsat de mesma data. Após realizar correções geométricas e atmosféricas sobre asimagens, foram extraídas das mesmas informações espectrais das bandas 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 e 7 nasposições geográficas de cada uma das 10 estações de amostragens do reservatório. Em seguidaforam realizadas análises de correlação Pearson a partir das médias dos valores de reflectância paracada estação de amostragem e dos valores dos parâmetros limnológicos medidos in situ, tanto paraimagens da estação seca como da chuvosa. Por fim, foram produzidos mapas de distribuição do SFFpara as duas estações. Os resultados mostraram que é possível monitorar com emprego de recursosde sensoriamento remoto, e com margem de precisão satisfatória, a variação temporo-espacial daconcentração desse material nas águas do reservatório de Manso.

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    Authors: Marielle Berriet Solliec; Jacques Baudry; Pierre Labarthe;

    A avaliação de políticas à prova dos fatos: as contribuições dos métodos “evidence based policies”). Os métodos habitualmente empregados na avaliação de políticas públicas deparam-se com dois obstáculos fundamentais. O primeiro é a análise das relações de causa e efeito somente a partir de opiniões e de pareceres das partes envolvidas (stakeholders). Quando esses tipos de causalidade mobilizam as teorias em ciências sociais (theory driven evaluation), o segundo obstáculo é que eles são raramente confrontados com os fatos. Para atenuar essa insuficiência de validade empírica, os métodos baseados em evidência (evidence-based) propõem mobilizar os conhecimentos testados empiricamente. Contudo, mesmo se esses métodos são difundidos nas áreas de educação e saúde nos países anglo-saxões, eles são ainda muito raramente utilizados nos dois campos de estudos analizados neste artigo, o da extensão rural/agrícola e o agroambiental. The methods for the evaluation of public policies face two major limits. The first occurs when the schemes of causal relations involved in a given public policy are analysed only though the opinions and knowledge of some stakeholders. When the description of these schemes is instead driven by certain social sciences theories, a second limit may occur: the lack of confrontation with field observations. Both methods raise the question of their level of validity. In that respect, the EBP method proposes to ground the evaluation of public policies on scientific knowledge that relies on the best available empirical evidence. These methods are widely used in the cases of health or education policies evaluation in Anglo-Saxon countries. However, they are much less frequently implemented in the two cases studied in this paper: agri-environment and agricultural extension. Les méthodes couramment utilisées pour l'évaluation des politiques publiques rencontrent deux principaux écueils. Le premier est d'analyser les relations de cause à effet uniquement à partir des opinions et avis des parties prenantes (stakeolders). Quand ces schémas de causalité mobilisent les théories en sciences sociales (theory driven evaluation), le second écueil est qu'ils sont rarement confrontés aux faits. Pour pallier cette défaillance de validité empirique, les méthodes evidence-based proposent de mobiliser des connaissances scientifiques testées empiriquement. Toutefois, même si ces méthodes sont répandues dans les domaines de l'éducation ou de la santé dans les pays anglo-saxons, elles s'avèrent encore très rarement utilisées dans les deux domaines d'application étudiés dans ce papier, le conseil en agriculture et l'agri-environnement.

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    Estudos Sociedade e Agricultura
    Article . 2013
    Data sources: DOAJ
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    ProdInra
    Article . 2009
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    Estudos Sociedade e Agricultura
    Article . 2013
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      Estudos Sociedade e Agricultura
      Article . 2013
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      ProdInra
      Article . 2009
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      Estudos Sociedade e Agricultura
      Article . 2013
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  • Authors: Le Tourneau, François-Michel; Albert, Bruce;

    After the invasion of their traditional lands by thousands of gold panners, numerous Yanomami groups faced an alarming degradation in their socioeconomic situation due to the ecological impact of gold panning. To prepare a proposal for an environmental recuperation project in the Upper Mucajaí region (Homoxi), the nongovernmental organization CCPY (Pro-Yanomami Commission) convened a task force composed of scientists of various disciplines to quantify the devastation that occurred and to evaluate its consequences. A geographic information system (GIS) database was created for the study region, crossing data derived from topographic maps and through images obtained from Landsat-TM, Landsat-ETM+, and C-BERS-2 (CCD) satellites. These made it possible to monitor the use of space by the indigenous communities of the Homoxi region and the invasion by gold panners from the late 1980s into the '90s, as well as the subsequent progress of the natural regeneration of the forest in the affected areas. In this article, we present results of this study and discuss various methodological options we tested during research. This case study of the Yanomami, although preliminary, demonstrates the promising potential of crossing geographic information and indigenous knowledge.; Depois da invasão das suas terras tradicionais por milhares de garimpeiros, numerosos grupos Yanomami tiveram que enfrentar uma alarmante degradação de sua situação socioeconômica em função do impacto ecológico das atividades garimpeiras. Tendo como objetivo de propor uma ação de recuperação ambiental na região do Alto Mucajaí (Homoxi), a ONG CCPY reuniu uma força-tarefa composta de cientistas de várias disciplinas a fim de quantificar a devastação ocorrida e de avaliar suas conseqüências. Para tais fins, foi criado um sistema de informação geográfica (SIG) sobre a região de estudo, cruzando dados oriundos de mapas topográficos e dados colhidos por meio de imagens dos sensores Landsat-TM, Landsat-ETM+ et C-BERS-CCD. Foram monitorados assim tanto o uso do espaço pelas comunidades indígenas da região de Homoxi, a sua invasão pelos garimpeiros desde o final dos anos 80 até os 90, quanto o avanço, desde então, da regeneração natural da floresta nas áreas afetadas. Neste trabalho, apresentamos os resultados desse estudo, bem como discutimos as várias opções metodológicas que nos testamos durante o processo. O estudo, ainda que preliminar, comprova quanto promissor possa ser o cruzamento entre informação geográfica e saberes indígenas, no caso o dos Yanomami.

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    Authors: Sabourin, Eric;

    International audience; (Agrarian Reform in Brazil: notes on current debates). President Luís Ignacio Lula da Silva was elected with the proposal for an important program of agrarian reform, family agriculture support and struggle against poverty. Paradoxically, the support to the agrarian reform seems to have stagnated even with the great influence of landless workers' movements. How to explain that this seems at first to be a contradiction and, furthermore, how do we evaluate debates within Brazilian society and the federal government on this theme? The article analyzes the tensions, debates, advances and impasses of the past ten years of agrarian reform policy in Brazil looking at the interaction between social movements and public policies. (Résumé d'auteur)

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    Estudos Sociedade e Agricultura
    Article . 2013
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    Hyper Article en Ligne
    Other literature type . 2008
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    Estudos Sociedade e Agricultura
    Article . 2013
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    Agritrop
    Article . 2008
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    Authors: Catherine Laurent; Aurélie Trouvé; Daniel Perraud;

    The use of evidence-based or evidence-aware policy perspectives extends over several sectors (health, education etc.). In agriculture, these approaches are less numerous but are also increasingly undertaken. The examination of the debates that followed this trend allows specification of the nature of difficulties faced by those who make public decisions when seeking to use available scientific knowledge. Among the vast range of issues raised thereby, three are specifically addressed here: (i) the problem of competition among sources of evidence, (ii) the role that the instruments of rationalization can exert over a possible “depoliticization” of public decisions; and (iii) the need to avoid abandonment of reflection on the evidence. O recurso às abordagens da evidence-based ou evidence-aware policy se estende por vários setores (saúde, educação etc.). Na agricultura, essas abordagens são menos numerosas, mas se desenvolvem igualmente. O exame dos debates que acompanham esse movimento permite precisar a natureza das dificuldades enfrentadas por aqueles que tomam decisão pública quando buscam utilizar os conhecimentos científicos disponíveis. Entre as numerosas questões, então levantadas, três são especificamente abordadas aqui: (i) o problema da concorrência das provas; (ii) o papel que os instrumentos de racionalização podem exercer em uma possível “despolitização” das decisões públicas; (iii) a necessidade de não se renunciar a uma reflexão sobre as provas.

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    Estudos Sociedade e Agricultura
    Article . 2013
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    ProdInra
    Article . 2009
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    Estudos Sociedade e Agricultura
    Article . 2013
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      Estudos Sociedade e Agricultura
      Article . 2013
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      ProdInra
      Article . 2009
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      Estudos Sociedade e Agricultura
      Article . 2013
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    Authors: Le Tourneau, François-Michel; Albert, Bruce;

    http://marte.dpi.inpe.br/col/ltid.inpe.br/sbsr/2005/02.12.16.31/doc/prefacio.htm; Following a large-scale invasion of their traditional lands by wildcat gold miners, numbers of Yanomami groups are today in a much degraded socio-economic situation, especially because of the impact of gold mining on their forest environment. A multi-disciplinary task force was formed to study one of these regions and come up with proposals to remedy to the situation. In order to quantify the extent of environmental damage, GIS and remote sensing were used to obtain quantitative data on the wildcat miners' activity and indigenous land use in the Homoxi area under study. Through the use of multi-temporal data, we also hoped to gather information on the dynamics of mining and on the process of natural regeneration. This article presents the results of the geographical part of the study, discussing the methodological options available in the analysis of wildcat gold mining and indigenous land use patterns. It also discusses the interactivity between the cartographical instruments used and the indigenous people's own knowledge of their environment, which appears to be a promising area for future research among the Yanomami.

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    Authors: Bonnal, Philippe; Cazella, A.; Maluf, Renato Sérgio;

    International audience; No transcurso da última década, a noção de território assumiu importância destacada nos discursos dos gestores de políticas públicas de numerosos países, inclusive o Brasil. No que diz respeito à agricultura e ao meio rural, o território aparece cada vez mais como uma entrada programática, inovadora e privilegiada para renovar a concepção do desenvolvimento rural. Mas, apesar da adoção generalizada do conceito, observa-se uma dificuldade dos acadêmicos, dos profissionais do setor e dos próprios gestores de políticas públicas na definição rigorosa do conceito de território e, consequentemente, dos instrumentos de intervenção pública. Neste capítulo, apresenta-se o resultado de um esforço coletivo realizado pela equipe de pesquisa, visando, inicialmente, a aprofundar a análise do conceito de território e a precisar o seu conteúdo semântico no quadro das Ciências Sociais; mais especificamente, revisou-se a abordagem disciplinar do conceito sob os pontos de vista da Geografia e da Economia1. Em seguida a essa revisão, apresentam-se alguns elementos da reflexão contemporânea sobre desenvolvimento territorial. Cabe antecipar que o conteúdo do presente capítulo se completa com a análise das relações entre território e a noção de multifuncionalidade da agricultura, seguida do método proposto de identificação de territórios a partir do enfoque das dinâmicas territoriais, constantes do Capítulo 2. Não se teve a pretensão de realizar uma revisão bibliográfica exaustiva, nem mesmo no interior das disciplinas destacadas, senão que a revisão foi orientada para cumprir um dos quatro objetivos gerais da pesquisa, referente aos pressupostos que orientam o recorte territorial para a formulação e implementação de políticas públicas voltadas à promoção da agricultura familiar no Brasil. Esclareça-se, também, que o conteúdo a seguir constitui sistematização das contribuições aportadas por vários integrantes da equipe, elaborada pelos editores da presente coletânea.

    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Agritroparrow_drop_down
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    Agritrop
    Other literature type . Part of book or chapter of book . 2009
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    Authors: Philippe Bonnal; Ademir Antonio Cazella; Renato S. Maluf;

    (Multifunctionality of agriculture and territorial development: implications and challenges for uniting these approaches). The paper addresses the relationships between the notions of multifunctionality of agriculture and territory aiming at discussing the implications and challenges for uniting the approaches of multifunctionality and territorial development. Its reasoning is based on the results of field research in eight areas or territories located in different regions of the country whose focus was to identify if territorial dynamics and collective projects in these areas take into account family farmers in their multiple functions and social heterogeneity.

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    Estudos Sociedade e Agricultura
    Article . 2013
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    Estudos Sociedade e Agricultura
    Article . 2013
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    Agritrop
    Article . 2008
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      Estudos Sociedade e Agricultura
      Article . 2013
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      Estudos Sociedade e Agricultura
      Article . 2013
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      Agritrop
      Article . 2008
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  • Authors: Le Strat, Adeline; Santos, Jeater; Dubreuil, Vincent;

    http://www.dsr.inpe.br/sbsr2011/files/p0947.pdfhttp://www.dsr.inpe.br/sbsr2011/files/p0947.pdf; International audience; The aim of this study is to show the land-cover changes after the construction of a hydroelectric dam in the central south state of Mato Grosso (Brazil) and the impact of this from an environmental point of view. With the use of satellite imagery it is possible to show which areas of vegetation flood and those which are always clear of the water: for example: cerrado, pasture land, forest, culture. The multi temporal study permits us to evaluate and quantify the change in land cover in the flood plain after the creation of the dam. This study presents the evolution of the land use in the flood plain during the 17 years, before and after the construction of the dam (between 1992 and 2009).To allow comparisons and interpretations of data, the images used were provided by the sensor Landsat-TM with atmospheric and geometric corrections. The useful agricultural land on the floodplain increased more than 100%, in 17 years. The areas of cerrado or forest which became arable or pasture formed 22.5 % of the total territory. The implantation of the dam and the land-use changes which resulted have had and will continue to have major repercussions on the environmental and territorial organisation.

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    Authors: Arcanjo De Lima, Ricardo; Aventurier, Pascal; Fausto, Sibele;

    Este estudo analisa a colaboração Brasil-França na área de Ciências Agrárias através de indicadores bibliométricos de atividade e ligação (coautoria), usando como fonte artigos indexados entre 2004 e 2013 na categoria Agricultural and Biological Sciences da base de dados Scopus. Os dados recuperados foram tratados no aplicativo VantagePoint® e os resultados indicam que a cooperação representada em coautorias entre os dois países evoluiu com uma média de 148,10 artigos por ano, a uma taxa de crescimento anual médio de 11,79%. Como assuntos de interesse, tem-se Taxonomia, Amazônia, Eucalipto e Cerrado liderando em número de publicações. Destacam-se os periódicos que apresentaram maior número de artigos publicados bem como a rede de instituições brasileiras e francesas com maior colaboração. O estudo evidencia aspectos importantes da parceria entre Brasil e França, considerando a bibliometria como uma ferramenta de apoio para a análise da cooperação científica.

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    DOAJ
    Article . 2014
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    ProdInra
    Article . 2014
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    Em Questão
    Article . 2014
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    ProdInra
    Research . 2014
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  • Authors: Santos, Jeater; Dubreuil, Vincent;

    http://www.eregeo.agbjatai.org/anais/textos/95.pdf; National audience; O bom uso e a conservação dos recursos naturais passam necessariamente pelo acesso da sociedadeas informações do monitoramento da qualidade dos recursos hídricos. Nesse sentido, asgeotecnologias podem dar importante contribuição, uma vez que reduzem os custos e assimpermitem disponibilizar com maior freqüência, informações sobre a qualidade das águassuperficiais de grandes corpos hídricos como os de reservatório de hidrelétricas. Assim, estetrabalho teve como objetivo mapear a distribuição da matéria sólida suspensa nas águas superficiaisdo reservatório de Manso no estado de Mato Grosso, através do emprego de recursos desensoriamento remoto. Para tanto, foram utilizados dados de parâmetros limnológicos coletados insitu e imagens Landsat de mesma data. Após realizar correções geométricas e atmosféricas sobre asimagens, foram extraídas das mesmas informações espectrais das bandas 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 e 7 nasposições geográficas de cada uma das 10 estações de amostragens do reservatório. Em seguidaforam realizadas análises de correlação Pearson a partir das médias dos valores de reflectância paracada estação de amostragem e dos valores dos parâmetros limnológicos medidos in situ, tanto paraimagens da estação seca como da chuvosa. Por fim, foram produzidos mapas de distribuição do SFFpara as duas estações. Os resultados mostraram que é possível monitorar com emprego de recursosde sensoriamento remoto, e com margem de precisão satisfatória, a variação temporo-espacial daconcentração desse material nas águas do reservatório de Manso.

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    Authors: Marielle Berriet Solliec; Jacques Baudry; Pierre Labarthe;

    A avaliação de políticas à prova dos fatos: as contribuições dos métodos “evidence based policies”). Os métodos habitualmente empregados na avaliação de políticas públicas deparam-se com dois obstáculos fundamentais. O primeiro é a análise das relações de causa e efeito somente a partir de opiniões e de pareceres das partes envolvidas (stakeholders). Quando esses tipos de causalidade mobilizam as teorias em ciências sociais (theory driven evaluation), o segundo obstáculo é que eles são raramente confrontados com os fatos. Para atenuar essa insuficiência de validade empírica, os métodos baseados em evidência (evidence-based) propõem mobilizar os conhecimentos testados empiricamente. Contudo, mesmo se esses métodos são difundidos nas áreas de educação e saúde nos países anglo-saxões, eles são ainda muito raramente utilizados nos dois campos de estudos analizados neste artigo, o da extensão rural/agrícola e o agroambiental. The methods for the evaluation of public policies face two major limits. The first occurs when the schemes of causal relations involved in a given public policy are analysed only though the opinions and knowledge of some stakeholders. When the description of these schemes is instead driven by certain social sciences theories, a second limit may occur: the lack of confrontation with field observations. Both methods raise the question of their level of validity. In that respect, the EBP method proposes to ground the evaluation of public policies on scientific knowledge that relies on the best available empirical evidence. These methods are widely used in the cases of health or education policies evaluation in Anglo-Saxon countries. However, they are much less frequently implemented in the two cases studied in this paper: agri-environment and agricultural extension. Les méthodes couramment utilisées pour l'évaluation des politiques publiques rencontrent deux principaux écueils. Le premier est d'analyser les relations de cause à effet uniquement à partir des opinions et avis des parties prenantes (stakeolders). Quand ces schémas de causalité mobilisent les théories en sciences sociales (theory driven evaluation), le second écueil est qu'ils sont rarement confrontés aux faits. Pour pallier cette défaillance de validité empirique, les méthodes evidence-based proposent de mobiliser des connaissances scientifiques testées empiriquement. Toutefois, même si ces méthodes sont répandues dans les domaines de l'éducation ou de la santé dans les pays anglo-saxons, elles s'avèrent encore très rarement utilisées dans les deux domaines d'application étudiés dans ce papier, le conseil en agriculture et l'agri-environnement.

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    Estudos Sociedade e Agricultura
    Article . 2013
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    ProdInra
    Article . 2009
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    Estudos Sociedade e Agricultura
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      Estudos Sociedade e Agricultura
      Article . 2013
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      ProdInra
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      Estudos Sociedade e Agricultura
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  • Authors: Le Tourneau, François-Michel; Albert, Bruce;

    After the invasion of their traditional lands by thousands of gold panners, numerous Yanomami groups faced an alarming degradation in their socioeconomic situation due to the ecological impact of gold panning. To prepare a proposal for an environmental recuperation project in the Upper Mucajaí region (Homoxi), the nongovernmental organization CCPY (Pro-Yanomami Commission) convened a task force composed of scientists of various disciplines to quantify the devastation that occurred and to evaluate its consequences. A geographic information system (GIS) database was created for the study region, crossing data derived from topographic maps and through images obtained from Landsat-TM, Landsat-ETM+, and C-BERS-2 (CCD) satellites. These made it possible to monitor the use of space by the indigenous communities of the Homoxi region and the invasion by gold panners from the late 1980s into the '90s, as well as the subsequent progress of the natural regeneration of the forest in the affected areas. In this article, we present results of this study and discuss various methodological options we tested during research. This case study of the Yanomami, although preliminary, demonstrates the promising potential of crossing geographic information and indigenous knowledge.; Depois da invasão das suas terras tradicionais por milhares de garimpeiros, numerosos grupos Yanomami tiveram que enfrentar uma alarmante degradação de sua situação socioeconômica em função do impacto ecológico das atividades garimpeiras. Tendo como objetivo de propor uma ação de recuperação ambiental na região do Alto Mucajaí (Homoxi), a ONG CCPY reuniu uma força-tarefa composta de cientistas de várias disciplinas a fim de quantificar a devastação ocorrida e de avaliar suas conseqüências. Para tais fins, foi criado um sistema de informação geográfica (SIG) sobre a região de estudo, cruzando dados oriundos de mapas topográficos e dados colhidos por meio de imagens dos sensores Landsat-TM, Landsat-ETM+ et C-BERS-CCD. Foram monitorados assim tanto o uso do espaço pelas comunidades indígenas da região de Homoxi, a sua invasão pelos garimpeiros desde o final dos anos 80 até os 90, quanto o avanço, desde então, da regeneração natural da floresta nas áreas afetadas. Neste trabalho, apresentamos os resultados desse estudo, bem como discutimos as várias opções metodológicas que nos testamos durante o processo. O estudo, ainda que preliminar, comprova quanto promissor possa ser o cruzamento entre informação geográfica e saberes indígenas, no caso o dos Yanomami.

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    Authors: Sabourin, Eric;

    International audience; (Agrarian Reform in Brazil: notes on current debates). President Luís Ignacio Lula da Silva was elected with the proposal for an important program of agrarian reform, family agriculture support and struggle against poverty. Paradoxically, the support to the agrarian reform seems to have stagnated even with the great influence of landless workers' movements. How to explain that this seems at first to be a contradiction and, furthermore, how do we evaluate debates within Brazilian society and the federal government on this theme? The article analyzes the tensions, debates, advances and impasses of the past ten years of agrarian reform policy in Brazil looking at the interaction between social movements and public policies. (Résumé d'auteur)

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    Estudos Sociedade e Agricultura
    Article . 2013
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    Hyper Article en Ligne
    Other literature type . 2008
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    Estudos Sociedade e Agricultura
    Article . 2013
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    Agritrop
    Article . 2008
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    Authors: Catherine Laurent; Aurélie Trouvé; Daniel Perraud;

    The use of evidence-based or evidence-aware policy perspectives extends over several sectors (health, education etc.). In agriculture, these approaches are less numerous but are also increasingly undertaken. The examination of the debates that followed this trend allows specification of the nature of difficulties faced by those who make public decisions when seeking to use available scientific knowledge. Among the vast range of issues raised thereby, three are specifically addressed here: (i) the problem of competition among sources of evidence, (ii) the role that the instruments of rationalization can exert over a possible “depoliticization” of public decisions; and (iii) the need to avoid abandonment of reflection on the evidence. O recurso às abordagens da evidence-based ou evidence-aware policy se estende por vários setores (saúde, educação etc.). Na agricultura, essas abordagens são menos numerosas, mas se desenvolvem igualmente. O exame dos debates que acompanham esse movimento permite precisar a natureza das dificuldades enfrentadas por aqueles que tomam decisão pública quando buscam utilizar os conhecimentos científicos disponíveis. Entre as numerosas questões, então levantadas, três são especificamente abordadas aqui: (i) o problema da concorrência das provas; (ii) o papel que os instrumentos de racionalização podem exercer em uma possível “despolitização” das decisões públicas; (iii) a necessidade de não se renunciar a uma reflexão sobre as provas.

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    Estudos Sociedade e Agricultura
    Article . 2013
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    ProdInra
    Article . 2009
    License: CC BY SA
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    Estudos Sociedade e Agricultura
    Article . 2013
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      ProdInra
      Article . 2009
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      Estudos Sociedade e Agricultura
      Article . 2013
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    Authors: Le Tourneau, François-Michel; Albert, Bruce;

    http://marte.dpi.inpe.br/col/ltid.inpe.br/sbsr/2005/02.12.16.31/doc/prefacio.htm; Following a large-scale invasion of their traditional lands by wildcat gold miners, numbers of Yanomami groups are today in a much degraded socio-economic situation, especially because of the impact of gold mining on their forest environment. A multi-disciplinary task force was formed to study one of these regions and come up with proposals to remedy to the situation. In order to quantify the extent of environmental damage, GIS and remote sensing were used to obtain quantitative data on the wildcat miners' activity and indigenous land use in the Homoxi area under study. Through the use of multi-temporal data, we also hoped to gather information on the dynamics of mining and on the process of natural regeneration. This article presents the results of the geographical part of the study, discussing the methodological options available in the analysis of wildcat gold mining and indigenous land use patterns. It also discusses the interactivity between the cartographical instruments used and the indigenous people's own knowledge of their environment, which appears to be a promising area for future research among the Yanomami.

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    Authors: Bonnal, Philippe; Cazella, A.; Maluf, Renato Sérgio;

    International audience; No transcurso da última década, a noção de território assumiu importância destacada nos discursos dos gestores de políticas públicas de numerosos países, inclusive o Brasil. No que diz respeito à agricultura e ao meio rural, o território aparece cada vez mais como uma entrada programática, inovadora e privilegiada para renovar a concepção do desenvolvimento rural. Mas, apesar da adoção generalizada do conceito, observa-se uma dificuldade dos acadêmicos, dos profissionais do setor e dos próprios gestores de políticas públicas na definição rigorosa do conceito de território e, consequentemente, dos instrumentos de intervenção pública. Neste capítulo, apresenta-se o resultado de um esforço coletivo realizado pela equipe de pesquisa, visando, inicialmente, a aprofundar a análise do conceito de território e a precisar o seu conteúdo semântico no quadro das Ciências Sociais; mais especificamente, revisou-se a abordagem disciplinar do conceito sob os pontos de vista da Geografia e da Economia1. Em seguida a essa revisão, apresentam-se alguns elementos da reflexão contemporânea sobre desenvolvimento territorial. Cabe antecipar que o conteúdo do presente capítulo se completa com a análise das relações entre território e a noção de multifuncionalidade da agricultura, seguida do método proposto de identificação de territórios a partir do enfoque das dinâmicas territoriais, constantes do Capítulo 2. Não se teve a pretensão de realizar uma revisão bibliográfica exaustiva, nem mesmo no interior das disciplinas destacadas, senão que a revisão foi orientada para cumprir um dos quatro objetivos gerais da pesquisa, referente aos pressupostos que orientam o recorte territorial para a formulação e implementação de políticas públicas voltadas à promoção da agricultura familiar no Brasil. Esclareça-se, também, que o conteúdo a seguir constitui sistematização das contribuições aportadas por vários integrantes da equipe, elaborada pelos editores da presente coletânea.

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    Agritrop
    Other literature type . Part of book or chapter of book . 2009
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