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  • image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Authors: Jorge C. Castellanos; Víctor J. Jaramillo; Robert L. Sanford; J. Boone Kauffman;

    Abstract We examined the effects of slash-and-burn of a tropical dry forest (TDF) and pasture establishment on fine root (≤1 mm) biomass and productivity. We also determined the seasonal changes of fine roots. The study was conducted in the coast of Jalisco, Mexico where the dominant vegetation is tropical dry forest. Two 33 m×100 m experimental plots with undisturbed TDF were slashed-and-burned by local farmers. Two adjacent plots with TDF were established as control sites. After slash-and-burning of the experimental plots, these were seeded with three pasture grasses along with two local maize varieties. Root sampling was initiated in March 1993 and roots were collected monthly until February 1994. Eight soil samples were collected randomly in each plot at each sampling date to a depth of 10 cm with a soil corer. Each soil core was divided in three depths: 0–2, 2.1–5, and 5–10 cm. Roots were separated in two size categories: fine (≤1.0 mm) and small (1.1–5 mm). Fine roots were separated into live and dead. Productivity of fine roots for each depth was estimated from the biomass data. Live fine root biomass in the 0–10 cm profile decreased due to burning but 47% of the fine root mass loss was at the 0–2 cm depth. Dead fine root biomass diminished significantly only at this depth. Total fine root productivity and mortality was 42–45% higher in TDF than in pasture in the first 5 cm of soil. About 86 and 76% of the fine root productivity in TDF and pasture, respectively, occurred in the first 5 cm of soil. Fine root turnover rates were high and similar in both ecosystems. Live fine root biomass in TDF and pasture increased in response to rainfall, particularly in the first 5 cm of soil. Mean annual live fine root biomass was significantly greater in TDF than in pasture only at the 0–2 cm depth. Mean biomass per cm of soil was greater in the first 2 cm of the profile in both TDF and pasture and it represented one-third of the fine root biomass in the 0–10 cm profile. There were no significant differences of small roots (1.1–5.0 mm in diameter) due to treatment, seasonality or dynamics. Based on root turnover and root production, our results indicate that the relative importance of belowground processes for C supply to the soil in this TDF is greater than the aboveground return.

    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Forest Ecology and M...arrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Forest Ecology and Management
    Article . 2001 . Peer-reviewed
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Forest Ecology and M...arrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      Forest Ecology and Management
      Article . 2001 . Peer-reviewed
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  • image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Authors: Elisa Maya-Elizarrarás; Jorge E. Schondube;

    Abstract Oak forests around the world have been widely used to obtain firewood and produce charcoal and like other habitats have been affected by the increasing development of livestock activities. Oak forests from western Mexico are one of the five priority habitats for the conservation of birds at a continental level and are the repository of the highest number of endemic bird species in this megadiverse country. We studied how charcoal extraction and the use of oak forest for cattle grazing affect bird communities. We focused our work on oak forest patches with four different management units that include three successional stages that occur after most of the trees have been removed for charcoal production and cattle-grazing is conducted, and mature oak forest patches with little wood extraction and no cattle-grazing. We used unlimited radius point counts to survey avian communities, and compared their richness, composition, density, structure and similarity among the different management units. We found that resident bird species, summer migrants and Neotropical migrant bird species used the four management units differently. Resident bird species used all habitat units similarly. Winter migrants as a group were present in the different management units, however while some species used habitats with cattle, other species used habitats with no cattle-grazing. Finally, summer migrants used habitat units with tall trees and high values of tree and shrub richness, and tended to avoid the early successional unit. Both charcoal extraction and cattle grazing worked in synergy decreasing the species richness and the equity of the bird communities. Management strategies should include active conservation of undisturbed oak forest areas because they play an essential role to maintain resident bird species in the landscape.

    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Forest Ecology and M...arrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Forest Ecology and Management
    Article . 2015 . Peer-reviewed
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Forest Ecology and M...arrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      Forest Ecology and Management
      Article . 2015 . Peer-reviewed
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    Authors: Peter W. Ellis; Trisha Gopalakrishna; Rosa C. Goodman; Francis E. Putz; +7 Authors

    Abstract Selective logging causes at least half of the emissions from tropical forest degradation. Reduced-impact logging for climate (RIL-C) is proposed as a way to maintain timber production while minimizing forest damage. Here we synthesize data from 61 coordinated field-based surveys of logging impacts in seven countries across the tropics. We estimate that tropical selective logging emitted 834 Tg CO2 in 2015, 6% of total tropical greenhouse gas emissions. Felling, hauling, and skidding caused 59%, 31%, and 10% of these emissions, respectively. We suggest that RIL-C incentive programs consider a feasible target carbon impact factor of 2.3 Mg emitted per Mg of timber extracted. Operational modifications are needed to achieve this target, such as reduced wood waste, narrower haul roads, and lower impact skidding equipment. Full implementation would reduce logging emissions by 44% (366 Tg CO2 year−1) and deliver 4% of the nationally determined contributions to the Paris Climate Agreement from tropical countries, while maintaining timber supplies.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Forest Ecology and M...arrow_drop_down
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    Forest Ecology and Management
    Article . 2019 . Peer-reviewed
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Forest Ecology and M...arrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      Forest Ecology and Management
      Article . 2019 . Peer-reviewed
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Eladio H, Cornejo-Oviedo; Steven L, Voelker; Douglas B, Mainwaring; Douglas A, Maguire; +2 Authors

    Many hectares of intensively managed Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii Mirb. Franco) stands in western North America are fertilized with nitrogen (N) to increase growth rates, but only about ⅔ of all stands respond. Understanding the mechanisms of response facilitates prioritization of stands for treatment. The primary objective of this study was to test the hypothesis that the short-term basal area growth response to a single application of 224 kg N ha(−1) as urea was associated with reduced stable carbon isotope discrimination (Δ(13)C) and increased intrinsic water use efficiency (iWUE) in a 20-yr-old plantation of Douglas-fir in the Oregon Coast Range, USA. Increment cores were measured to estimate earlywood, latewood, and total basal area increment over a time series from 1997 to 2015. Stable carbon isotope discrimination and iWUE were estimated using earlywood and latewood stable carbon isotope concentrations in tree-ring holocellulose starting seven years before fertilization in early 2009 and ending seven years after treatment. A highly significant (p<0.01) interaction effect between fertilization treatment and year was found for total basal area growth and earlywood basal area increment. Specifically, fertilized trees showed significant responses (p<0.05) in total basal area growth and earlywood basal area increment in the first (2009) and second (2010) growing seasons after fertilization in 2009. A marginally significant (p<0.10) fertilization effect was found for latewood basal area increment only in the first growing season after treatment. A significant treatment x year interaction was also found for Δ(13)C and iWUE in earlywood and latewood. Fertilization significantly reduced earlywood Δ(13)C and increased earlywood iWUE in the first and second growing seasons after fertilization. Only a marginally significant fertilization effect was detected for latewood Δ(13)C and iWUE in the second growing season after treatment. Previous studies of N fertilization of Douglas-fir forests have reported consistently increased growth and iWUE on low productivity sites treated with relatively high fertilization rates. This study suggested that these responses can also be observed on highly productive sites despite their lower frequency and apparently shorter duration. Other key mechanisms driving growth responses appear less important than iWUE, including an increase in LAI and shift from belowground to aboveground carbon allocation.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Europe PubMed Centra...arrow_drop_down
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    Europe PubMed Central
    Other literature type . 2017
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    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Forest Ecology and Management
    Article . 2017 . Peer-reviewed
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Europe PubMed Centra...arrow_drop_down
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      Europe PubMed Central
      Other literature type . 2017
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      Forest Ecology and Management
      Article . 2017 . Peer-reviewed
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  • image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Authors: Ben de Jong; Carlos Anaya; Omar Masera; Marcela Olguín; +5 Authors

    In this paper we present the Mexican inventory of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from the land-use sector. It involved integration of forest inventory, land-use and soil data in a GIS to estimate the net flux of GHG between 1993 and 2002. The net GHG flux of 86.9 (±34.4%) Tg CO2 y−1 resulted from the balance of emissions of 64.5 (±12%) Tg CO2 y −1 from biomass loss, 4.9 (±259%) Tg CO2 y −1 from managed forests, and 30.3 (±106%) Tg CO2 y−1 from mineral soils, and the removals of 12.9 (±36%) Tg CO2 y−1 in abandoned lands. Main sources of uncertainty include lack of integrated soil and biomass data and the impact of the various management practices on biomass. Key factors are identified to improve GHG inventories and to reduce uncertainty.

    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Forest Ecology and M...arrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Forest Ecology and Management
    Article . 2010 . Peer-reviewed
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Forest Ecology and M...arrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      Forest Ecology and Management
      Article . 2010 . Peer-reviewed
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  • image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Authors: Enrique Jurado; Joel Flores; José Návar; Javier Ramos Jiménez;

    Abstract In order to investigate the influence that plantations and clearing of native vegetation might have on plant regeneration in northeastern Mexico, seedling survival and germination (i.e., seedling emergence from the soil surface) were measured monthly in native fragments and an exotic plantation over a one-year period. Seedlings were measured in 1-m 2 plots, using 10 replicates under each of three different treatments: (i) dense thornscrub, (ii) semi-cleared thornscrub, and (iii) a dense L. leucocephala plantation. Seedling number peaked during summer and early autumn, lowest number of seedlings occurred during early spring. Excluding grasses, 36 species were present during the study, and only 14 were present in L. leucocephala plantation. Thornscrub and open thornscrub had similar number of grass seedlings, whereas more forb seedlings were present in open thornscrub. Seedlings of woody species were similar for all treatments. Under L. leucocephala germination was low for most species other than itself, most seedlings, however, died during the winter months.

    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Forest Ecology and M...arrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Forest Ecology and Management
    Article . 1998 . Peer-reviewed
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Forest Ecology and M...arrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      Forest Ecology and Management
      Article . 1998 . Peer-reviewed
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  • image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Authors: Eliane Ceccon; Pilar Huante; Julio Campo;

    Seedling dynamics were studied in a set of dominant tree species in regenerating secondary tropical dry forests (TDF) growing on limestone in the Yucatan Peninsula. The objective of the study was to assess how variation in nutrient availability affects the recruitment and survival of individual species considering natural variations in light and bulk density in the topsoil. Our study included an area of young forest (10 years old), with phosphorus-poor soils, and an area of old forest (ffi60 years old). We used 16 plots (12 m � 12 m) per forest, in which we fertilized four plot replicates per treatment with nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and nitrogen plus phosphorus (NP). Another four replicates were kept as control. In four 1 m � 1 m sub-plots set of each experimental plot, tree seedling dynamics were studied over 2 years. The species with the highest recruitment were Acacia gaumeri and Leucaena leucocephala in the young forest, and Bursera simaruba and Phyllostyllon brasiliense in the old forest. Recruitment of A. gaumeri was affected more by light availability than fertilization, but its survival increased with N or with NP additions. Leucaena leucocephala benefited by fertilization (N, P, or NP) and the species regenerated on sites with lower light availability, but required high light conditions and N addition to increase its survival. The recruitment and survival of B. simaruba required low light availability, and the fertilization with P or with NP increased its regeneration. Phyllostyllon brasiliense was recruited only in the old forest. The addition of P resulted in the highest recruitment and the lowest survival among fertilization treatments, leading to a negative final seedling density. Canonical analysis revealed that in the young forest, the most important variables that influenced species recruitment were bulk density in the topsoil, fertilization with P, fertilization with N, and light availability. In the old forest, the P and N fertilizations and bulk density in the topsoil appeared to be the most important variables; only light was not significant. Light requirement differences between forests suggest that a large number of opportunistic species in the young forest could exist there. Overall, our results suggest that the dynamic of understory vegetation in Yucatan Peninsula is strongly influenced by nutrient availability, especially P. The responses of seedling dominant species to nutrient addition will vary, depending on the details of the site's light availability and soil bulk density, and the identity of species.

    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Forest Ecology and M...arrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Forest Ecology and Management
    Article . 2003 . Peer-reviewed
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Forest Ecology and M...arrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      Forest Ecology and Management
      Article . 2003 . Peer-reviewed
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  • image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Authors: Lucas Cifuentes; Flavio Humberto Moreno Hurtado; Juan Diego León-Peláez; Horacio Paz;

    Abstract In the humid tropics, the substitution of forest cover by open pastures generates hotter and dryer conditions limiting the establishment of native plants. In this context reforestation of pastures using fast-growing tree species is commonly used to improve the environmental conditions, however, contrary to expected this strategy may lead to drier soil conditions due to the elevated transpiration rates of large trees, overall generating landscape mosaics with high variation in light and water availability. Despite the high sensitivity of tree species from the humid tropics to drought, efforts to predict species performance in reforestation campaigns have been focused mostly on carbon gain traits, while ignoring the drought resistance traits. In this study we addressed the hypothesis that both carbon gain and drought resistance traits are good predictors of growth rate and survival of species under contrasting vegetation cover types in a managed landscape. To test this hypothesis, the growth and survival over 38 months, and 17 physiological and morphological leaf traits related to carbon economy and drought resistance were measured in ten tree species planted in pastures and tree plantations. Plantations showed higher soil water depletion than pastures and the relative growth rate and survival of species were higher in pastures. Carbon economy and drought resistance traits together predicted interspecific growth rate and survival; however, the importance of functional traits as predictors depended on the cover type. Carbon acquisition traits (Am and AFE) were the best predictors in pastures, while drought resistance traits (RWCtlp, LDMC and e) had the lowest magnitude of interspecific variation, but were the best predictors in plantations. This suggests that, despite its restricted variation, drought tolerance traits may be of paramount importance in defining tree performance and long-term success of managed species in the humid tropics, particularly under fast-growing tree covertures. This study shows that soil water might act as a limiting factor on plant performance in managed landscapes in the humid tropics, and challenges the common assumption that using a low diversity of fast-growing and highly resource-demanding species is the best strategy to reforest abandoned pastures and improve the environmental conditions for other species.

    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Forest Ecology and M...arrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Forest Ecology and Management
    Article . 2020 . Peer-reviewed
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      Forest Ecology and Management
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  • image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Authors: Rahim Foroughbakhch; MA Alvarado-Vázquez; JL Hernández-Piñero; Alejandra Rocha-Estrada; +2 Authors

    Abstract The coast of the Gulf of Mexico is characterized as a region with high variation in climatic conditions and rich in drought-tolerant or subhumid species. The species that are potentially useful for reforestation, regreening, agroforestry activities and the production of timber and fuelwood have been overexploited, resulting in a gradual decrease and degradation of their populations. In order to restore the soil and rehabilitate the disturbed areas inhabited by matorral vegetation, we tested the adaptability, development and establishment of 10 introduced tree species. The species were: Albizia caribaea Britton & Rose, Albizia guachapele (H.B. & K.) Dugand, Caesalpinia velutina (Britton & Rose) Standl., Caesalpinia eriostachys Benth., Crescentia alata H.B. & K., Enterolobium cyclocarpum Griseb., Gliricidia sepium (Jacq.) Steud., Haematoxylon brasilleto Karst., Myrospermum frutescens Jacq. and Pithecellobium dulce (Roxb.) Benth. The seeds of each species received different pretreatments. Seedlings were grown in plastic bags and planted out after 6 months by hand in August 1985 in a monoculture in four randomized blocks in a cleared area with deep loamy-clay soil, slightly alkaline. Measurements of different growth parameters and leaf/twig biomass over 15 years were evaluated. The species C. alata , E. cyclocarpum , G. sepium and H. brasilleto tended to have better characteristics in terms of growth annual rate (33–62 cm in height and 1.7–2.6 cm in basal diameter during 1985–1990), while A. caribaea , A. guachapele , C. velutina y C. eriostachys (20–30 cm in height and 1.2–1.7 cm in basal diameter) did not establish well due to susceptibility to frost. M. frutescens and P. dulce had intermediate yields of great interest due to their multipurpose potential. The linear models gave a better estimate of tree biomass than the logarithmic functions. The species with the highest determination coefficient ( r 2 ) and the lowest mean square error (MSE), were E. cyclocarpum ( r 2 = 0.96; MSE = 19.8), G. sepium ( r 2 = 0.99; MSE = 15.3), H. brasiletto ( r 2 = 0.95; MSE = 19.6) and M. frutescens ( r 2 = 0.98; MSE = 18.1). The regression equations showed the close relationship between stem diameter ( d n 2 ), stem length ( h ) and number of stems above ground level. The low mortality shown by the majority of the introduced species coupled with their high reproductive capacities suggests that these species may serve to enrich the matorral of the region, especially for silvicultural purposes.

    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Forest Ecology and M...arrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Forest Ecology and Management
    Article . 2006 . Peer-reviewed
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Forest Ecology and M...arrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      Forest Ecology and Management
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Nunes, Luís; Tomé, José; Tomé, Margarida;

    Abstract An annual individual tree survival and growth model was developed for pure even-aged stands of maritime pine in Portugal, using a large data set containing irregularly time-spaced measurements and considering thinning effects. The model is distance-independent and is based on a function for diameter growth, a function for height growth and a survival function. Two approaches are compared for modeling annual tree growth. The first approach directly estimates a future diameter or height using well-known growth functions formulated in difference form. The second approach estimates diameter or height using a function in differential form estimating the increment over a year period. In both approaches, the function parameters were related to tree and stand variables reflecting the competition status of the tree as well as of a thinning response factor. Variable growth and survival rates were assumed in the modeling approaches. An iterative method was used to continuously update tree and stand attributes using a cut-off to convert the survival probability for a living or a dead tree. The individual tree diameter growth model and the survival probability model were fitted simultaneously using seemingly unrelated regression (SUR). Parameters of the height function were obtained separately as the number of observations for height was much lower than the number of observations for diameter, which may affect the statistical inference and the estimation of contemporaneous cross-equation error correlation inherent to the system of equations. PRESS residuals were used to evaluate the predictive performance of the diameter and the height growth functions. Additional statistics based in the log likelihood function and also in the survival probability were computed to evaluate the survival function. The second modeling approach, which integrates components of growth expansion and decline, performed slightly better than the first approach. A variable accounting for the thinning response that was tested proved to be significant for predicting diameter growth, even if the model already included competition-related explanatory variables, namely the basal area of trees larger than the subject tree. However, this thinning response factor was not significant for predicting height growth.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Biblioteca Digital d...arrow_drop_down
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Biblioteca Digital d...arrow_drop_down
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  • image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Authors: Jorge C. Castellanos; Víctor J. Jaramillo; Robert L. Sanford; J. Boone Kauffman;

    Abstract We examined the effects of slash-and-burn of a tropical dry forest (TDF) and pasture establishment on fine root (≤1 mm) biomass and productivity. We also determined the seasonal changes of fine roots. The study was conducted in the coast of Jalisco, Mexico where the dominant vegetation is tropical dry forest. Two 33 m×100 m experimental plots with undisturbed TDF were slashed-and-burned by local farmers. Two adjacent plots with TDF were established as control sites. After slash-and-burning of the experimental plots, these were seeded with three pasture grasses along with two local maize varieties. Root sampling was initiated in March 1993 and roots were collected monthly until February 1994. Eight soil samples were collected randomly in each plot at each sampling date to a depth of 10 cm with a soil corer. Each soil core was divided in three depths: 0–2, 2.1–5, and 5–10 cm. Roots were separated in two size categories: fine (≤1.0 mm) and small (1.1–5 mm). Fine roots were separated into live and dead. Productivity of fine roots for each depth was estimated from the biomass data. Live fine root biomass in the 0–10 cm profile decreased due to burning but 47% of the fine root mass loss was at the 0–2 cm depth. Dead fine root biomass diminished significantly only at this depth. Total fine root productivity and mortality was 42–45% higher in TDF than in pasture in the first 5 cm of soil. About 86 and 76% of the fine root productivity in TDF and pasture, respectively, occurred in the first 5 cm of soil. Fine root turnover rates were high and similar in both ecosystems. Live fine root biomass in TDF and pasture increased in response to rainfall, particularly in the first 5 cm of soil. Mean annual live fine root biomass was significantly greater in TDF than in pasture only at the 0–2 cm depth. Mean biomass per cm of soil was greater in the first 2 cm of the profile in both TDF and pasture and it represented one-third of the fine root biomass in the 0–10 cm profile. There were no significant differences of small roots (1.1–5.0 mm in diameter) due to treatment, seasonality or dynamics. Based on root turnover and root production, our results indicate that the relative importance of belowground processes for C supply to the soil in this TDF is greater than the aboveground return.

    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Forest Ecology and M...arrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Forest Ecology and Management
    Article . 2001 . Peer-reviewed
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Forest Ecology and M...arrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      Forest Ecology and Management
      Article . 2001 . Peer-reviewed
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  • image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Authors: Elisa Maya-Elizarrarás; Jorge E. Schondube;

    Abstract Oak forests around the world have been widely used to obtain firewood and produce charcoal and like other habitats have been affected by the increasing development of livestock activities. Oak forests from western Mexico are one of the five priority habitats for the conservation of birds at a continental level and are the repository of the highest number of endemic bird species in this megadiverse country. We studied how charcoal extraction and the use of oak forest for cattle grazing affect bird communities. We focused our work on oak forest patches with four different management units that include three successional stages that occur after most of the trees have been removed for charcoal production and cattle-grazing is conducted, and mature oak forest patches with little wood extraction and no cattle-grazing. We used unlimited radius point counts to survey avian communities, and compared their richness, composition, density, structure and similarity among the different management units. We found that resident bird species, summer migrants and Neotropical migrant bird species used the four management units differently. Resident bird species used all habitat units similarly. Winter migrants as a group were present in the different management units, however while some species used habitats with cattle, other species used habitats with no cattle-grazing. Finally, summer migrants used habitat units with tall trees and high values of tree and shrub richness, and tended to avoid the early successional unit. Both charcoal extraction and cattle grazing worked in synergy decreasing the species richness and the equity of the bird communities. Management strategies should include active conservation of undisturbed oak forest areas because they play an essential role to maintain resident bird species in the landscape.

    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Forest Ecology and M...arrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Forest Ecology and Management
    Article . 2015 . Peer-reviewed
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      Forest Ecology and Management
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    Authors: Peter W. Ellis; Trisha Gopalakrishna; Rosa C. Goodman; Francis E. Putz; +7 Authors

    Abstract Selective logging causes at least half of the emissions from tropical forest degradation. Reduced-impact logging for climate (RIL-C) is proposed as a way to maintain timber production while minimizing forest damage. Here we synthesize data from 61 coordinated field-based surveys of logging impacts in seven countries across the tropics. We estimate that tropical selective logging emitted 834 Tg CO2 in 2015, 6% of total tropical greenhouse gas emissions. Felling, hauling, and skidding caused 59%, 31%, and 10% of these emissions, respectively. We suggest that RIL-C incentive programs consider a feasible target carbon impact factor of 2.3 Mg emitted per Mg of timber extracted. Operational modifications are needed to achieve this target, such as reduced wood waste, narrower haul roads, and lower impact skidding equipment. Full implementation would reduce logging emissions by 44% (366 Tg CO2 year−1) and deliver 4% of the nationally determined contributions to the Paris Climate Agreement from tropical countries, while maintaining timber supplies.

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    Forest Ecology and Management
    Article . 2019 . Peer-reviewed
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      Forest Ecology and Management
      Article . 2019 . Peer-reviewed
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    Authors: Eladio H, Cornejo-Oviedo; Steven L, Voelker; Douglas B, Mainwaring; Douglas A, Maguire; +2 Authors

    Many hectares of intensively managed Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii Mirb. Franco) stands in western North America are fertilized with nitrogen (N) to increase growth rates, but only about ⅔ of all stands respond. Understanding the mechanisms of response facilitates prioritization of stands for treatment. The primary objective of this study was to test the hypothesis that the short-term basal area growth response to a single application of 224 kg N ha(−1) as urea was associated with reduced stable carbon isotope discrimination (Δ(13)C) and increased intrinsic water use efficiency (iWUE) in a 20-yr-old plantation of Douglas-fir in the Oregon Coast Range, USA. Increment cores were measured to estimate earlywood, latewood, and total basal area increment over a time series from 1997 to 2015. Stable carbon isotope discrimination and iWUE were estimated using earlywood and latewood stable carbon isotope concentrations in tree-ring holocellulose starting seven years before fertilization in early 2009 and ending seven years after treatment. A highly significant (p<0.01) interaction effect between fertilization treatment and year was found for total basal area growth and earlywood basal area increment. Specifically, fertilized trees showed significant responses (p<0.05) in total basal area growth and earlywood basal area increment in the first (2009) and second (2010) growing seasons after fertilization in 2009. A marginally significant (p<0.10) fertilization effect was found for latewood basal area increment only in the first growing season after treatment. A significant treatment x year interaction was also found for Δ(13)C and iWUE in earlywood and latewood. Fertilization significantly reduced earlywood Δ(13)C and increased earlywood iWUE in the first and second growing seasons after fertilization. Only a marginally significant fertilization effect was detected for latewood Δ(13)C and iWUE in the second growing season after treatment. Previous studies of N fertilization of Douglas-fir forests have reported consistently increased growth and iWUE on low productivity sites treated with relatively high fertilization rates. This study suggested that these responses can also be observed on highly productive sites despite their lower frequency and apparently shorter duration. Other key mechanisms driving growth responses appear less important than iWUE, including an increase in LAI and shift from belowground to aboveground carbon allocation.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Europe PubMed Centra...arrow_drop_down
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    Europe PubMed Central
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    Forest Ecology and Management
    Article . 2017 . Peer-reviewed
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      Forest Ecology and Management
      Article . 2017 . Peer-reviewed
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    Authors: Ben de Jong; Carlos Anaya; Omar Masera; Marcela Olguín; +5 Authors

    In this paper we present the Mexican inventory of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from the land-use sector. It involved integration of forest inventory, land-use and soil data in a GIS to estimate the net flux of GHG between 1993 and 2002. The net GHG flux of 86.9 (±34.4%) Tg CO2 y−1 resulted from the balance of emissions of 64.5 (±12%) Tg CO2 y −1 from biomass loss, 4.9 (±259%) Tg CO2 y −1 from managed forests, and 30.3 (±106%) Tg CO2 y−1 from mineral soils, and the removals of 12.9 (±36%) Tg CO2 y−1 in abandoned lands. Main sources of uncertainty include lack of integrated soil and biomass data and the impact of the various management practices on biomass. Key factors are identified to improve GHG inventories and to reduce uncertainty.

    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Forest Ecology and M...arrow_drop_down
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    Forest Ecology and Management
    Article . 2010 . Peer-reviewed
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      Forest Ecology and Management
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    Authors: Enrique Jurado; Joel Flores; José Návar; Javier Ramos Jiménez;

    Abstract In order to investigate the influence that plantations and clearing of native vegetation might have on plant regeneration in northeastern Mexico, seedling survival and germination (i.e., seedling emergence from the soil surface) were measured monthly in native fragments and an exotic plantation over a one-year period. Seedlings were measured in 1-m 2 plots, using 10 replicates under each of three different treatments: (i) dense thornscrub, (ii) semi-cleared thornscrub, and (iii) a dense L. leucocephala plantation. Seedling number peaked during summer and early autumn, lowest number of seedlings occurred during early spring. Excluding grasses, 36 species were present during the study, and only 14 were present in L. leucocephala plantation. Thornscrub and open thornscrub had similar number of grass seedlings, whereas more forb seedlings were present in open thornscrub. Seedlings of woody species were similar for all treatments. Under L. leucocephala germination was low for most species other than itself, most seedlings, however, died during the winter months.

    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Forest Ecology and M...arrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Forest Ecology and Management
    Article . 1998 . Peer-reviewed
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      Forest Ecology and Management
      Article . 1998 . Peer-reviewed
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  • image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Authors: Eliane Ceccon; Pilar Huante; Julio Campo;

    Seedling dynamics were studied in a set of dominant tree species in regenerating secondary tropical dry forests (TDF) growing on limestone in the Yucatan Peninsula. The objective of the study was to assess how variation in nutrient availability affects the recruitment and survival of individual species considering natural variations in light and bulk density in the topsoil. Our study included an area of young forest (10 years old), with phosphorus-poor soils, and an area of old forest (ffi60 years old). We used 16 plots (12 m � 12 m) per forest, in which we fertilized four plot replicates per treatment with nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and nitrogen plus phosphorus (NP). Another four replicates were kept as control. In four 1 m � 1 m sub-plots set of each experimental plot, tree seedling dynamics were studied over 2 years. The species with the highest recruitment were Acacia gaumeri and Leucaena leucocephala in the young forest, and Bursera simaruba and Phyllostyllon brasiliense in the old forest. Recruitment of A. gaumeri was affected more by light availability than fertilization, but its survival increased with N or with NP additions. Leucaena leucocephala benefited by fertilization (N, P, or NP) and the species regenerated on sites with lower light availability, but required high light conditions and N addition to increase its survival. The recruitment and survival of B. simaruba required low light availability, and the fertilization with P or with NP increased its regeneration. Phyllostyllon brasiliense was recruited only in the old forest. The addition of P resulted in the highest recruitment and the lowest survival among fertilization treatments, leading to a negative final seedling density. Canonical analysis revealed that in the young forest, the most important variables that influenced species recruitment were bulk density in the topsoil, fertilization with P, fertilization with N, and light availability. In the old forest, the P and N fertilizations and bulk density in the topsoil appeared to be the most important variables; only light was not significant. Light requirement differences between forests suggest that a large number of opportunistic species in the young forest could exist there. Overall, our results suggest that the dynamic of understory vegetation in Yucatan Peninsula is strongly influenced by nutrient availability, especially P. The responses of seedling dominant species to nutrient addition will vary, depending on the details of the site's light availability and soil bulk density, and the identity of species.

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    Forest Ecology and Management
    Article . 2003 . Peer-reviewed
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      Forest Ecology and Management
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    Authors: Lucas Cifuentes; Flavio Humberto Moreno Hurtado; Juan Diego León-Peláez; Horacio Paz;

    Abstract In the humid tropics, the substitution of forest cover by open pastures generates hotter and dryer conditions limiting the establishment of native plants. In this context reforestation of pastures using fast-growing tree species is commonly used to improve the environmental conditions, however, contrary to expected this strategy may lead to drier soil conditions due to the elevated transpiration rates of large trees, overall generating landscape mosaics with high variation in light and water availability. Despite the high sensitivity of tree species from the humid tropics to drought, efforts to predict species performance in reforestation campaigns have been focused mostly on carbon gain traits, while ignoring the drought resistance traits. In this study we addressed the hypothesis that both carbon gain and drought resistance traits are good predictors of growth rate and survival of species under contrasting vegetation cover types in a managed landscape. To test this hypothesis, the growth and survival over 38 months, and 17 physiological and morphological leaf traits related to carbon economy and drought resistance were measured in ten tree species planted in pastures and tree plantations. Plantations showed higher soil water depletion than pastures and the relative growth rate and survival of species were higher in pastures. Carbon economy and drought resistance traits together predicted interspecific growth rate and survival; however, the importance of functional traits as predictors depended on the cover type. Carbon acquisition traits (Am and AFE) were the best predictors in pastures, while drought resistance traits (RWCtlp, LDMC and e) had the lowest magnitude of interspecific variation, but were the best predictors in plantations. This suggests that, despite its restricted variation, drought tolerance traits may be of paramount importance in defining tree performance and long-term success of managed species in the humid tropics, particularly under fast-growing tree covertures. This study shows that soil water might act as a limiting factor on plant performance in managed landscapes in the humid tropics, and challenges the common assumption that using a low diversity of fast-growing and highly resource-demanding species is the best strategy to reforest abandoned pastures and improve the environmental conditions for other species.

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    Forest Ecology and Management
    Article . 2020 . Peer-reviewed
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      Forest Ecology and Management
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  • image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Authors: Rahim Foroughbakhch; MA Alvarado-Vázquez; JL Hernández-Piñero; Alejandra Rocha-Estrada; +2 Authors

    Abstract The coast of the Gulf of Mexico is characterized as a region with high variation in climatic conditions and rich in drought-tolerant or subhumid species. The species that are potentially useful for reforestation, regreening, agroforestry activities and the production of timber and fuelwood have been overexploited, resulting in a gradual decrease and degradation of their populations. In order to restore the soil and rehabilitate the disturbed areas inhabited by matorral vegetation, we tested the adaptability, development and establishment of 10 introduced tree species. The species were: Albizia caribaea Britton & Rose, Albizia guachapele (H.B. & K.) Dugand, Caesalpinia velutina (Britton & Rose) Standl., Caesalpinia eriostachys Benth., Crescentia alata H.B. & K., Enterolobium cyclocarpum Griseb., Gliricidia sepium (Jacq.) Steud., Haematoxylon brasilleto Karst., Myrospermum frutescens Jacq. and Pithecellobium dulce (Roxb.) Benth. The seeds of each species received different pretreatments. Seedlings were grown in plastic bags and planted out after 6 months by hand in August 1985 in a monoculture in four randomized blocks in a cleared area with deep loamy-clay soil, slightly alkaline. Measurements of different growth parameters and leaf/twig biomass over 15 years were evaluated. The species C. alata , E. cyclocarpum , G. sepium and H. brasilleto tended to have better characteristics in terms of growth annual rate (33–62 cm in height and 1.7–2.6 cm in basal diameter during 1985–1990), while A. caribaea , A. guachapele , C. velutina y C. eriostachys (20–30 cm in height and 1.2–1.7 cm in basal diameter) did not establish well due to susceptibility to frost. M. frutescens and P. dulce had intermediate yields of great interest due to their multipurpose potential. The linear models gave a better estimate of tree biomass than the logarithmic functions. The species with the highest determination coefficient ( r 2 ) and the lowest mean square error (MSE), were E. cyclocarpum ( r 2 = 0.96; MSE = 19.8), G. sepium ( r 2 = 0.99; MSE = 15.3), H. brasiletto ( r 2 = 0.95; MSE = 19.6) and M. frutescens ( r 2 = 0.98; MSE = 18.1). The regression equations showed the close relationship between stem diameter ( d n 2 ), stem length ( h ) and number of stems above ground level. The low mortality shown by the majority of the introduced species coupled with their high reproductive capacities suggests that these species may serve to enrich the matorral of the region, especially for silvicultural purposes.

    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Forest Ecology and M...arrow_drop_down
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    Forest Ecology and Management
    Article . 2006 . Peer-reviewed
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      Forest Ecology and Management
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    Authors: Nunes, Luís; Tomé, José; Tomé, Margarida;

    Abstract An annual individual tree survival and growth model was developed for pure even-aged stands of maritime pine in Portugal, using a large data set containing irregularly time-spaced measurements and considering thinning effects. The model is distance-independent and is based on a function for diameter growth, a function for height growth and a survival function. Two approaches are compared for modeling annual tree growth. The first approach directly estimates a future diameter or height using well-known growth functions formulated in difference form. The second approach estimates diameter or height using a function in differential form estimating the increment over a year period. In both approaches, the function parameters were related to tree and stand variables reflecting the competition status of the tree as well as of a thinning response factor. Variable growth and survival rates were assumed in the modeling approaches. An iterative method was used to continuously update tree and stand attributes using a cut-off to convert the survival probability for a living or a dead tree. The individual tree diameter growth model and the survival probability model were fitted simultaneously using seemingly unrelated regression (SUR). Parameters of the height function were obtained separately as the number of observations for height was much lower than the number of observations for diameter, which may affect the statistical inference and the estimation of contemporaneous cross-equation error correlation inherent to the system of equations. PRESS residuals were used to evaluate the predictive performance of the diameter and the height growth functions. Additional statistics based in the log likelihood function and also in the survival probability were computed to evaluate the survival function. The second modeling approach, which integrates components of growth expansion and decline, performed slightly better than the first approach. A variable accounting for the thinning response that was tested proved to be significant for predicting diameter growth, even if the model already included competition-related explanatory variables, namely the basal area of trees larger than the subject tree. However, this thinning response factor was not significant for predicting height growth.

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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Biblioteca Digital d...arrow_drop_down
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