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  • 2012-2021
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  • image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Authors: Akihiro Koyama; Alisa D. Schotzko; Jessica L. Schedlbauer; Robert Pangle; +1 Authors

    Evidence supporting hydraulic limitation hypothesis was found using foliar δ13C in combination with nitrogen content per unit leaf area and statistical partitioning for three conifer species. One theory behind the productivity decline of mature forests is the hydraulic limitation hypothesis (HLH); leaf-level gas exchange is reduced with increasing forest canopy height via increased hydraulic resistance in the xylem pathway, which in turn limits photosynthesis via stomatal regulation. Foliar $$\delta$$ 13C can be used to assess the HLH as it reflects the history of leaf-level gas exchange. However, this method should be used with caution as co-varying factors, including light levels and foliar nutrient status, can also influence foliar $$\delta$$ 13C. We explore the potential use of foliar $$\delta$$ 13C to assess leaf-level hydraulic limitation using three coniferous species across three height classes (short, intermediate and tall) in northern Idaho, USA. Foliar samples were collected from multiple canopy locations varying in height from each height class to measure $$\delta$$ 13C of bulk foliar materials as well as sugar and starch extracted from the samples. We also quantified nitrogen content per unit leaf area (Narea) as an integrated measure of nutrient status and light environment of a given foliar sample, which can partly account for various non-stomatal limitations for photosynthesis, and thus affect foliar $$\delta$$ 13C. Using sequential ANOVAs, we tested the hypothesis that foliar $$\delta$$ 13C variation was attributable to foliar sample height changes after accounting for Narea. The hypothesis was supported by analyses using foliage samples from the top canopy location across the three height classes for each conifer species, especially for bulk foliage and extracted sugar. In conclusion, we found evidence supporting the HLH using foliar $$\delta$$ 13C from three conifer species.

    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Treesarrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Trees
    Article . 2021 . Peer-reviewed
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Treesarrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      Trees
      Article . 2021 . Peer-reviewed
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  • image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Authors: Piyawadee Prasongsansuk; Tipparat Thiangtrongjit; Kanlaya Nirapathpongporn; Unchera Viboonjun; +3 Authors

    The proteomic analysis of vascular tissues in rubber tree reveals differentially expressed proteins related to laticifer differentiation in mature phloem and secondary cell wall formation in mature xylem for latex/wood-yield improvement. Rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis) is a latex-producing plant that has worldwide economic importance for the rubber and wood industries. Natural rubber latex is produced from laticiferous vessels (laticifers) located in the secondary phloem tissue of rubber trees. Improving latex production from rubber tree clones by studying the molecular genetics of vascular development has received much attention, but less information has been obtained from proteomic approaches. This study performed a comparative proteomic analysis of the vascular tissues in high latex-yield and high wood-yield rubber tree clones. One primary vascular tissue (newly developed stem) and two secondary vascular tissues (mature phloem/laticifers and mature xylem/wood) were investigated by qualitative/quantitative proteomic analysis using GeLC-MS/MS. The differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) in the specific vascular tissues were analyzed, and the protein functions in the biological processes related to vascular development and to the specific characteristics of each clone were clarified. The predicted protein–protein interaction network and GO annotation revealed DEPs related to photosynthesis, carbohydrate metabolism, energy production and jasmonic acid-responsive proteins involved in positive regulation of laticifer differentiation in mature phloem of the high latex-yield clone, while DEPs related to cell cytoskeleton maintenance, secondary cell wall components and auxin-, brassinosteroid-, abscisic acid-responsive proteins involved in xylem differentiation were abundant in mature xylem of the high wood-yield clone. This is the first report to demonstrate the correlation and functions of DEPs in phloem/laticifers and xylem/wood differentiation in rubber trees. The regulation of vascular development could be useful in improvement of latex and wood yields from rubber trees.

    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Treesarrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Trees
    Article . 2020 . Peer-reviewed
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Treesarrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      Trees
      Article . 2020 . Peer-reviewed
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Susanne Suvanto; Helena M. Henttonen; Pekka Nöjd; Samuli Helama; +3 Authors

    Conifer radial growth reductions may be related to unusual snow conditions or a mismatch between frost hardiness level and minimum temperature, but not typically to low winter temperature extremes. The aim of this study was to examine if temperature conditions potentially causing frost damage have an effect on radial growth in Norway spruce and Scots pine in Finland. We hypothesized that frost damage occurs and reduces radial growth after (1) extreme cold winter temperatures, (2) frost hardiness levels insufficient to minimum temperatures, and (3) the lack of insulating snow cover during freezing temperatures, resulting in increased frost and decreased temperatures in soil. Meteorological records were used to define variables describing the conditions of each hypothesis and a dynamic frost hardiness model was used to find events of insufficient frost hardiness levels. As frost damage is likely to occur only under exceptional conditions, we used generalized extreme value distributions to describe the frost variables. Our results did not show strong connections between radial growth and the frost damage events. However, significant growth reductions were found at some Norway spruce sites after events insufficient frost hardiness levels, and alternatively, after winters with high frost sum of snowless days. Scots pine did not show significant growth reductions associated with any of the studied variables. Thus, radial growth in Norway spruce may be more sensitive to future changes in winter conditions. Our results demonstrate that considering only temperature is unlikely to be sufficient in studying winter temperature effects on tree growth. Instead, understanding the effects of changing temperature and snow conditions in relation to tree physiology and phenology is needed.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Treesarrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
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    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Trees
    Article . 2017 . Peer-reviewed
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Treesarrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      Trees
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      Trees
      Article . 2017 . Peer-reviewed
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  • image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Authors: Leandro Francisco de Oliveira; André Luis Wendt dos Santos; Eny Iochevet Segal Floh;

    Analysis of polyamines and amino acid profiles in Araucaria angustifolia immature seeds from two mother tree genotypes in 2 consecutive years, and their association with the establishment of embryogenic cultures. Polyamines (PAs) and amino acids are an important source of nitrogen in plants. They are known to participate in plant development and their levels are associated with specific zygotic and somatic embryogenesis stages, which means that they may be useful as biochemical markers of developmental stages. The present study carried out an analysis of PA and amino acid profiles in immature Araucaria angustifolia seeds from two mother tree genotypes over 2 consecutive years, and their association with the initiation and maintenance of embryogenic cultures (ECs). The results showed that initiation of ECs in A. angustifolia, as observed in other conifers, depends on harvest year and mother tree genotype. PA and amino acid profiles showed that seeds from distinct mother trees and harvest years are different from one another. These differences were reflected in the initiation of ECs. The metabolic analysis indicates that conjugated Spd, ornithine, and asparagine profiles are candidates as biochemical markers for selection of mother trees. These results will allow for the testing of a large number of mother trees as explant sources and the selection of those with higher potential for somatic embryogenesis.

    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Treesarrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Trees
    Article . 2019 . Peer-reviewed
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Treesarrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      Trees
      Article . 2019 . Peer-reviewed
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  • image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Authors: Susana Adriana Montaño-Arias; Hilda Araceli Zavaleta-Mancera; Sara Lucía Camargo-Ricalde; Rosaura Grether;

    Mimosa luisana seeds germinate after 7 years of storage, suggesting that they have a long span life; an interesting characteristic for environmental restoration of semi-arid zones. Mimosa luisana is endemic to Mexico, provides ecosystem services and is economically and culturally important. This species exhibits morphological, anatomical and physiological qualities that make it potentially valuable in ecological restoration. This study evaluated the effects of seed age on seed germination, survival seedlings and growth of M. luisana, on the assumption that seed age positively influences the parameters related to germination. Mature fruits were collected at the semiarid Tehuacan–Cuicatlan Valley and the seeds were extracted. Healthy seeds were measured and weighed to obtain a uniform sample. Seed moisture content, imbibition rate, germination percentage, survival seedlings and growth were quantified. Seeds that were 84 months old showed the lowest moisture content (4.65%) and imbibition rate of unscarified seeds increased as seeds were older. Scarification considerably promoted germination, which was epigeal and phanerocotylar. Regardless of seed age, seedling growth was slow, with the presence of foliar cotyledons which persisted after the appearance of the protophylls, and the characteristics of an adult plant were observed until the day 22 after sowing. Mimosa luisana seeds are long-lived and the germination percentage depends on the age of the seed and whether or not it was scarified.

    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Treesarrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Trees
    Article . 2020 . Peer-reviewed
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Treesarrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      Trees
      Article . 2020 . Peer-reviewed
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  • image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Authors: Xinlei Li; Jie Wang; Zhengqi Fan; Jiyuan Li; +1 Authors

    Camellia nitidissima is an endangered species whose flowers are bright yellow. In the past 50 years, habitat changes caused by climate and human activity have greatly reduced the extent and size of natural populations of C. nitidissima. Here, to provide a fundamental basis for this plant’s protection and utilization, the genetic diversity and genetic structure of C. nitidissima natural populations were studied using simple sequence repeats (SSR) markers. Based on a comparative analysis of multiple transcriptomes from different Camellia species, a group of consensus transcript sequences were obtained for marker development. We screened 237 predicted transcript loci, and identified 21 highly polymorphic SSR markers for population analysis. In total, 82 alleles were obtained to assess the genetic diversity of four natural populations in Guangxi Zhuang autonomous region, China. The results revealed that the mean observed heterozygosity (Ho) and expected heterozygosity (He) of the populations were 0.624 and 0.546, respectively, and the genetic diversity was mostly among populations. Further, we uncovered a significant positive correlation between the genetic distance and geographic distance of C. nitidissima populations. The high genetic diversity found in this study holds promise for the future conservation and restoration of C. nitidissima populations based on efforts from in situ and ex situ strategies implemented in a carefully monitored way.

    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Treesarrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Trees
    Article . 2019 . Peer-reviewed
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Treesarrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      Trees
      Article . 2019 . Peer-reviewed
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  • image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Authors: Fang, K; Li, Y; Li, J; Cook, E; +2 Authors

    Understanding spatiotemporal tree growth variability and its associations with climate can provide key insights into forest dynamics in the context of global climate change. Here, we conduct a comprehensive investigation on 64 ring-width chronologies across the entire Northwest (NW) China to understand the regional patterns of tree growth and climate-growth relationships. Using rotated principal component analysis and hierarchical clustering analysis, we found that tree growth was mainly determined by the climate and could be classified into nine groups. Most of the tree-ring chronologies in NW China showed high correlations with moisture conditions in the current and previous growing seasons. After removing age-related growth trends, inter-annual tree growth patterns are supposed to be mainly determined by climate and climate-growth relationships. Since climate-growth relationships for most tree-ring chronologies in this arid region are similar, patterns of tree growth are mainly determined by climate variability. Within each group, the strength of the common signal increases under extreme climate conditions. Thus, climate plays a more important role in determining tree growth in extreme climate conditions relative to the non-climate factors, leading to more coherent growth patterns. © 2012 Springer-Verlag. link_to_subscribed_fulltext

    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Treesarrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Trees
    Article . 2012 . Peer-reviewed
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    Article . 2013
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Treesarrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      Trees
      Article . 2012 . Peer-reviewed
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      HKU Scholars Hub
      Article . 2013
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  • image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Authors: Xiang You; Lin-Tong Yang; Yi-Bin Lu; Huan Li; +2 Authors

    Fifty-three and thirty-nine differentially expressed protein spots were isolated from Mn-toxic Citrus sinensis and Citrus grandis roots, respectively. Mn-toxicity-induced changes in protein profiles greatly differed between the two species. Limited information is available on the manganese (Mn)-toxicity-responsive proteins in plant roots. ‘Sour pummelo’ (Citrus grandis) and ‘Xuegan’ (Citrus sinensis) seedlings were irrigated for 17 weeks with 2 (control) or 600 μM (Mn-toxic) MnSO4. C. sinensis displayed more tolerance to Mn-toxicity than C. grandis, which may be related to more Mn accumulation in roots and less Mn distribution in shoots. Using two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE), we isolated 11 up-regulated and 42 down-regulated protein spots from Mn-toxic C. sinensis roots, and 25 up-regulated and 14 down-regulated protein spots from Mn-toxic C. grandis roots. This indicated more metabolic flexibility in C. sinensis roots, thus contributing to the Mn-tolerance of C. sinensis. According to the biological functional properties, these differentially expressed proteins in the two species were classified into the following categories: protein metabolism, nucleic acid metabolism, carbohydrate and energy metabolism, stress responses, cell wall and cytoskeleton, cell transport, signal transduction and fatty acid metabolism. Under Mn-toxicity, proteins involved in nucleic acid metabolism, glycolysis and cell transport were up-regulated in nontolerant C. grandis roots, and down-regulated in tolerant C. sinensis roots. The notable down-regulation of proteins in Mn-toxic C. sinensis roots with less accumulation of carbohydrates may provide an advantage to the net carbon balance by lowering related metabolic processes, and enhancing the Mn-tolerance of C. sinensis. To conclude, there are many important differences in Mn-toxicity-induced changes in protein profiles and metabolic responses between the two species.

    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Treesarrow_drop_down
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    Trees
    Article . 2014 . Peer-reviewed
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
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      Article . 2014 . Peer-reviewed
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  • image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Authors: Tao Yang; Bao Yang; Étienne Boucher; Sergio Rossi;

    Although an increased intrinsic water-use efficiency has been observed, drought stress played a leading role in controlling Chinese pine growth in semi-arid region of northern China. Climate change, which is acknowledged as the most important factor in affecting plant performance, could be modulated by increasing atmospheric CO2 concentration. In this study, a total of 141 Chinese pine ( Pinus tabuliformis ) trees were studied to estimate tree-ring width. Based on tree-ring δ13C records, we measured the fluctuations in leaf intercellular CO2 (Ci) and intrinsic water-use efficiency (iWUE) since industrialization period on Hasi mountain, Gansu province. We found that the long-term variation of iWUE has been increasing since 1850. On average, 73% of the total variance in iWUE was explained by temperature, Standardized Precipitation-Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) and CO2 concentration. Over 19 and 23% of the variance was attributed solely to drought stress and CO2 concentration, respectively. For BAI (basal area increment), nearly 50% of the variance was explained by temperature, SPEI and CO2, with 40% of the variance in tree growth attributed to drought stress. In addition, our results show that the positive relationship between tree growth and drought stress did not change over time. When there was a wetter condition, a larger proportion of higher tree growth occurred, otherwise more trees had lower tree growth. We therefore, conclude that despite the clear increase of iWUE, its beneficial effect of this higher iWUE on tree growth was overcome by drought stress at our study area.

    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Treesarrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
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    Article . 2021 . Peer-reviewed
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Treesarrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
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      Article . 2021 . Peer-reviewed
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  • image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Authors: Raquel Gonçalves; Camila Stephanie Fernandes Linhares; Takashi Yojo;

    The drag force is frequently responsible for tree fall; however, its calculation depends on a rarely known parameter, namely, the drag coefficient. This paper reviews this topic. The pressure exerted by the wind on trees can generate large drag forces, which have been considered the most frequent causes for mechanical failure in trees. To calculate these forces, one of the main required parameters is the drag coefficient. However, the mechanisms in plants for reacting to wind pressures differ from those that are considered in analyses of civil structures, since plants have complex architectures and higher flexibility in the composition of elements (crown, stem and roots). The static or dynamic analysis is another factor that deepens the complexity of the discussion of the drag coefficient since the wind is dynamic; the response of the tree to this load is also dynamic. In addition, the existing information is scattered and varies according to the form of analysis and the simplifications that are adopted by the authors, thereby rendering complex the decisions regarding which methodological path to take to calculate the drag coefficient and how to measure the influence of the values accurately. The main objective of this work was to present and discuss factors that affect the calculation of the drag coefficient in trees using results from the literature. The results were analyzed and discussed using comparisons among studies and through the authors’ interpretations. It is hoped that the results will provide information that enables researchers to identify ways of simplifying methodologies for determining the drag coefficient, without reducing the complexity of the topic, and, based on this knowledge, to infer the errors of the embedded results.

    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Treesarrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
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    Article . 2020 . Peer-reviewed
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
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      Article . 2020 . Peer-reviewed
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  • image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Authors: Akihiro Koyama; Alisa D. Schotzko; Jessica L. Schedlbauer; Robert Pangle; +1 Authors

    Evidence supporting hydraulic limitation hypothesis was found using foliar δ13C in combination with nitrogen content per unit leaf area and statistical partitioning for three conifer species. One theory behind the productivity decline of mature forests is the hydraulic limitation hypothesis (HLH); leaf-level gas exchange is reduced with increasing forest canopy height via increased hydraulic resistance in the xylem pathway, which in turn limits photosynthesis via stomatal regulation. Foliar $$\delta$$ 13C can be used to assess the HLH as it reflects the history of leaf-level gas exchange. However, this method should be used with caution as co-varying factors, including light levels and foliar nutrient status, can also influence foliar $$\delta$$ 13C. We explore the potential use of foliar $$\delta$$ 13C to assess leaf-level hydraulic limitation using three coniferous species across three height classes (short, intermediate and tall) in northern Idaho, USA. Foliar samples were collected from multiple canopy locations varying in height from each height class to measure $$\delta$$ 13C of bulk foliar materials as well as sugar and starch extracted from the samples. We also quantified nitrogen content per unit leaf area (Narea) as an integrated measure of nutrient status and light environment of a given foliar sample, which can partly account for various non-stomatal limitations for photosynthesis, and thus affect foliar $$\delta$$ 13C. Using sequential ANOVAs, we tested the hypothesis that foliar $$\delta$$ 13C variation was attributable to foliar sample height changes after accounting for Narea. The hypothesis was supported by analyses using foliage samples from the top canopy location across the three height classes for each conifer species, especially for bulk foliage and extracted sugar. In conclusion, we found evidence supporting the HLH using foliar $$\delta$$ 13C from three conifer species.

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    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
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    Article . 2021 . Peer-reviewed
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Treesarrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
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      Article . 2021 . Peer-reviewed
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  • image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Authors: Piyawadee Prasongsansuk; Tipparat Thiangtrongjit; Kanlaya Nirapathpongporn; Unchera Viboonjun; +3 Authors

    The proteomic analysis of vascular tissues in rubber tree reveals differentially expressed proteins related to laticifer differentiation in mature phloem and secondary cell wall formation in mature xylem for latex/wood-yield improvement. Rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis) is a latex-producing plant that has worldwide economic importance for the rubber and wood industries. Natural rubber latex is produced from laticiferous vessels (laticifers) located in the secondary phloem tissue of rubber trees. Improving latex production from rubber tree clones by studying the molecular genetics of vascular development has received much attention, but less information has been obtained from proteomic approaches. This study performed a comparative proteomic analysis of the vascular tissues in high latex-yield and high wood-yield rubber tree clones. One primary vascular tissue (newly developed stem) and two secondary vascular tissues (mature phloem/laticifers and mature xylem/wood) were investigated by qualitative/quantitative proteomic analysis using GeLC-MS/MS. The differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) in the specific vascular tissues were analyzed, and the protein functions in the biological processes related to vascular development and to the specific characteristics of each clone were clarified. The predicted protein–protein interaction network and GO annotation revealed DEPs related to photosynthesis, carbohydrate metabolism, energy production and jasmonic acid-responsive proteins involved in positive regulation of laticifer differentiation in mature phloem of the high latex-yield clone, while DEPs related to cell cytoskeleton maintenance, secondary cell wall components and auxin-, brassinosteroid-, abscisic acid-responsive proteins involved in xylem differentiation were abundant in mature xylem of the high wood-yield clone. This is the first report to demonstrate the correlation and functions of DEPs in phloem/laticifers and xylem/wood differentiation in rubber trees. The regulation of vascular development could be useful in improvement of latex and wood yields from rubber trees.

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    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
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    Authors: Susanne Suvanto; Helena M. Henttonen; Pekka Nöjd; Samuli Helama; +3 Authors

    Conifer radial growth reductions may be related to unusual snow conditions or a mismatch between frost hardiness level and minimum temperature, but not typically to low winter temperature extremes. The aim of this study was to examine if temperature conditions potentially causing frost damage have an effect on radial growth in Norway spruce and Scots pine in Finland. We hypothesized that frost damage occurs and reduces radial growth after (1) extreme cold winter temperatures, (2) frost hardiness levels insufficient to minimum temperatures, and (3) the lack of insulating snow cover during freezing temperatures, resulting in increased frost and decreased temperatures in soil. Meteorological records were used to define variables describing the conditions of each hypothesis and a dynamic frost hardiness model was used to find events of insufficient frost hardiness levels. As frost damage is likely to occur only under exceptional conditions, we used generalized extreme value distributions to describe the frost variables. Our results did not show strong connections between radial growth and the frost damage events. However, significant growth reductions were found at some Norway spruce sites after events insufficient frost hardiness levels, and alternatively, after winters with high frost sum of snowless days. Scots pine did not show significant growth reductions associated with any of the studied variables. Thus, radial growth in Norway spruce may be more sensitive to future changes in winter conditions. Our results demonstrate that considering only temperature is unlikely to be sufficient in studying winter temperature effects on tree growth. Instead, understanding the effects of changing temperature and snow conditions in relation to tree physiology and phenology is needed.

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    Article . 2017 . Peer-reviewed
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
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      Article . 2017 . Peer-reviewed
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  • image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Authors: Leandro Francisco de Oliveira; André Luis Wendt dos Santos; Eny Iochevet Segal Floh;

    Analysis of polyamines and amino acid profiles in Araucaria angustifolia immature seeds from two mother tree genotypes in 2 consecutive years, and their association with the establishment of embryogenic cultures. Polyamines (PAs) and amino acids are an important source of nitrogen in plants. They are known to participate in plant development and their levels are associated with specific zygotic and somatic embryogenesis stages, which means that they may be useful as biochemical markers of developmental stages. The present study carried out an analysis of PA and amino acid profiles in immature Araucaria angustifolia seeds from two mother tree genotypes over 2 consecutive years, and their association with the initiation and maintenance of embryogenic cultures (ECs). The results showed that initiation of ECs in A. angustifolia, as observed in other conifers, depends on harvest year and mother tree genotype. PA and amino acid profiles showed that seeds from distinct mother trees and harvest years are different from one another. These differences were reflected in the initiation of ECs. The metabolic analysis indicates that conjugated Spd, ornithine, and asparagine profiles are candidates as biochemical markers for selection of mother trees. These results will allow for the testing of a large number of mother trees as explant sources and the selection of those with higher potential for somatic embryogenesis.

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    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
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    Article . 2019 . Peer-reviewed
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
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      Article . 2019 . Peer-reviewed
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  • image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Authors: Susana Adriana Montaño-Arias; Hilda Araceli Zavaleta-Mancera; Sara Lucía Camargo-Ricalde; Rosaura Grether;

    Mimosa luisana seeds germinate after 7 years of storage, suggesting that they have a long span life; an interesting characteristic for environmental restoration of semi-arid zones. Mimosa luisana is endemic to Mexico, provides ecosystem services and is economically and culturally important. This species exhibits morphological, anatomical and physiological qualities that make it potentially valuable in ecological restoration. This study evaluated the effects of seed age on seed germination, survival seedlings and growth of M. luisana, on the assumption that seed age positively influences the parameters related to germination. Mature fruits were collected at the semiarid Tehuacan–Cuicatlan Valley and the seeds were extracted. Healthy seeds were measured and weighed to obtain a uniform sample. Seed moisture content, imbibition rate, germination percentage, survival seedlings and growth were quantified. Seeds that were 84 months old showed the lowest moisture content (4.65%) and imbibition rate of unscarified seeds increased as seeds were older. Scarification considerably promoted germination, which was epigeal and phanerocotylar. Regardless of seed age, seedling growth was slow, with the presence of foliar cotyledons which persisted after the appearance of the protophylls, and the characteristics of an adult plant were observed until the day 22 after sowing. Mimosa luisana seeds are long-lived and the germination percentage depends on the age of the seed and whether or not it was scarified.

    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Treesarrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Trees
    Article . 2020 . Peer-reviewed
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      Trees
      Article . 2020 . Peer-reviewed
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  • image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Authors: Xinlei Li; Jie Wang; Zhengqi Fan; Jiyuan Li; +1 Authors

    Camellia nitidissima is an endangered species whose flowers are bright yellow. In the past 50 years, habitat changes caused by climate and human activity have greatly reduced the extent and size of natural populations of C. nitidissima. Here, to provide a fundamental basis for this plant’s protection and utilization, the genetic diversity and genetic structure of C. nitidissima natural populations were studied using simple sequence repeats (SSR) markers. Based on a comparative analysis of multiple transcriptomes from different Camellia species, a group of consensus transcript sequences were obtained for marker development. We screened 237 predicted transcript loci, and identified 21 highly polymorphic SSR markers for population analysis. In total, 82 alleles were obtained to assess the genetic diversity of four natural populations in Guangxi Zhuang autonomous region, China. The results revealed that the mean observed heterozygosity (Ho) and expected heterozygosity (He) of the populations were 0.624 and 0.546, respectively, and the genetic diversity was mostly among populations. Further, we uncovered a significant positive correlation between the genetic distance and geographic distance of C. nitidissima populations. The high genetic diversity found in this study holds promise for the future conservation and restoration of C. nitidissima populations based on efforts from in situ and ex situ strategies implemented in a carefully monitored way.

    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Treesarrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Trees
    Article . 2019 . Peer-reviewed
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Treesarrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      Trees
      Article . 2019 . Peer-reviewed
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  • image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Authors: Fang, K; Li, Y; Li, J; Cook, E; +2 Authors

    Understanding spatiotemporal tree growth variability and its associations with climate can provide key insights into forest dynamics in the context of global climate change. Here, we conduct a comprehensive investigation on 64 ring-width chronologies across the entire Northwest (NW) China to understand the regional patterns of tree growth and climate-growth relationships. Using rotated principal component analysis and hierarchical clustering analysis, we found that tree growth was mainly determined by the climate and could be classified into nine groups. Most of the tree-ring chronologies in NW China showed high correlations with moisture conditions in the current and previous growing seasons. After removing age-related growth trends, inter-annual tree growth patterns are supposed to be mainly determined by climate and climate-growth relationships. Since climate-growth relationships for most tree-ring chronologies in this arid region are similar, patterns of tree growth are mainly determined by climate variability. Within each group, the strength of the common signal increases under extreme climate conditions. Thus, climate plays a more important role in determining tree growth in extreme climate conditions relative to the non-climate factors, leading to more coherent growth patterns. © 2012 Springer-Verlag. link_to_subscribed_fulltext

    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Treesarrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Trees
    Article . 2012 . Peer-reviewed
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    HKU Scholars Hub
    Article . 2013
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      Trees
      Article . 2012 . Peer-reviewed
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      HKU Scholars Hub
      Article . 2013
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  • image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Authors: Xiang You; Lin-Tong Yang; Yi-Bin Lu; Huan Li; +2 Authors

    Fifty-three and thirty-nine differentially expressed protein spots were isolated from Mn-toxic Citrus sinensis and Citrus grandis roots, respectively. Mn-toxicity-induced changes in protein profiles greatly differed between the two species. Limited information is available on the manganese (Mn)-toxicity-responsive proteins in plant roots. ‘Sour pummelo’ (Citrus grandis) and ‘Xuegan’ (Citrus sinensis) seedlings were irrigated for 17 weeks with 2 (control) or 600 μM (Mn-toxic) MnSO4. C. sinensis displayed more tolerance to Mn-toxicity than C. grandis, which may be related to more Mn accumulation in roots and less Mn distribution in shoots. Using two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE), we isolated 11 up-regulated and 42 down-regulated protein spots from Mn-toxic C. sinensis roots, and 25 up-regulated and 14 down-regulated protein spots from Mn-toxic C. grandis roots. This indicated more metabolic flexibility in C. sinensis roots, thus contributing to the Mn-tolerance of C. sinensis. According to the biological functional properties, these differentially expressed proteins in the two species were classified into the following categories: protein metabolism, nucleic acid metabolism, carbohydrate and energy metabolism, stress responses, cell wall and cytoskeleton, cell transport, signal transduction and fatty acid metabolism. Under Mn-toxicity, proteins involved in nucleic acid metabolism, glycolysis and cell transport were up-regulated in nontolerant C. grandis roots, and down-regulated in tolerant C. sinensis roots. The notable down-regulation of proteins in Mn-toxic C. sinensis roots with less accumulation of carbohydrates may provide an advantage to the net carbon balance by lowering related metabolic processes, and enhancing the Mn-tolerance of C. sinensis. To conclude, there are many important differences in Mn-toxicity-induced changes in protein profiles and metabolic responses between the two species.

    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Treesarrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Trees
    Article . 2014 . Peer-reviewed
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Treesarrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      Trees
      Article . 2014 . Peer-reviewed
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  • image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Authors: Tao Yang; Bao Yang; Étienne Boucher; Sergio Rossi;

    Although an increased intrinsic water-use efficiency has been observed, drought stress played a leading role in controlling Chinese pine growth in semi-arid region of northern China. Climate change, which is acknowledged as the most important factor in affecting plant performance, could be modulated by increasing atmospheric CO2 concentration. In this study, a total of 141 Chinese pine ( Pinus tabuliformis ) trees were studied to estimate tree-ring width. Based on tree-ring δ13C records, we measured the fluctuations in leaf intercellular CO2 (Ci) and intrinsic water-use efficiency (iWUE) since industrialization period on Hasi mountain, Gansu province. We found that the long-term variation of iWUE has been increasing since 1850. On average, 73% of the total variance in iWUE was explained by temperature, Standardized Precipitation-Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) and CO2 concentration. Over 19 and 23% of the variance was attributed solely to drought stress and CO2 concentration, respectively. For BAI (basal area increment), nearly 50% of the variance was explained by temperature, SPEI and CO2, with 40% of the variance in tree growth attributed to drought stress. In addition, our results show that the positive relationship between tree growth and drought stress did not change over time. When there was a wetter condition, a larger proportion of higher tree growth occurred, otherwise more trees had lower tree growth. We therefore, conclude that despite the clear increase of iWUE, its beneficial effect of this higher iWUE on tree growth was overcome by drought stress at our study area.

    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Treesarrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
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    Article . 2021 . Peer-reviewed
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      Trees
      Article . 2021 . Peer-reviewed
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  • image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Authors: Raquel Gonçalves; Camila Stephanie Fernandes Linhares; Takashi Yojo;

    The drag force is frequently responsible for tree fall; however, its calculation depends on a rarely known parameter, namely, the drag coefficient. This paper reviews this topic. The pressure exerted by the wind on trees can generate large drag forces, which have been considered the most frequent causes for mechanical failure in trees. To calculate these forces, one of the main required parameters is the drag coefficient. However, the mechanisms in plants for reacting to wind pressures differ from those that are considered in analyses of civil structures, since plants have complex architectures and higher flexibility in the composition of elements (crown, stem and roots). The static or dynamic analysis is another factor that deepens the complexity of the discussion of the drag coefficient since the wind is dynamic; the response of the tree to this load is also dynamic. In addition, the existing information is scattered and varies according to the form of analysis and the simplifications that are adopted by the authors, thereby rendering complex the decisions regarding which methodological path to take to calculate the drag coefficient and how to measure the influence of the values accurately. The main objective of this work was to present and discuss factors that affect the calculation of the drag coefficient in trees using results from the literature. The results were analyzed and discussed using comparisons among studies and through the authors’ interpretations. It is hoped that the results will provide information that enables researchers to identify ways of simplifying methodologies for determining the drag coefficient, without reducing the complexity of the topic, and, based on this knowledge, to infer the errors of the embedded results.

    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Treesarrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Trees
    Article . 2020 . Peer-reviewed
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      Trees
      Article . 2020 . Peer-reviewed
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