• Rural Digital Europe
• 2019-2023close
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Статья поступила в редакцию 25.08.2022 г. Статья посвящена теме использования в современной медийной практике возможностей так называемых сквозных технологий. Это - одно из ключевых научно-технических направлений, поскольку при их посредстве разрушаются границы использования тех или иных цифровых компонентов лишь в отдельных отраслях (поэтому они именуются «сквозными»). При этом радикально меняется ситуация на существующих рынках, в том числе медийном, формируются принципиально новые его сегменты. На основе достаточно обширного теоретического материала, опросов, социологических данных и публикаций в массмедиа авторами выделены и проанализированы основные тренды развития в России и в регионах процесса повсеместной цифровизации контента, а также конкретные технологии организации эффективных диалоговых отношений с аудиторией. Особенностью анализа практик является обращение в том числе и к опыту одного из новых медиа, обладающего довольно скромным бюджетом. Сравнение подходов к изучаемому вопросу разноформатных массмедиа делает результаты представленного анализа более убедительными, а выводы - по-настоящему прикладными. The article is devoted to the topic of using the capabilities of so called end toend technologies in modern media practice. This is one of the key scientific and technical directions, since through them the boundaries of the use of certain digital components are destroyed only in certain industries (therefore they are called “end-to end”). At the same time, the situation in the existing markets, including the media market, is radically changing, fundamentally new segments are emerging. Based on quite extensive theoretical material, surveys, sociological data and publications in the mass media, the authors have identified and analyzed - main trends in the development of the process of widespread digitalization of the content in Russia and in the regions, as well as specific technologies for organizing effective open dialogue with the audience. One of the features of the analysis of practices is the appeal, among other things, to the experience of one of the new media, which has a rather modest budget. A comparison of approaches to the studied issue of multi-format mass media makes the results of the presented analysis more convincing, and the conclusions are truly applied for future use in real life.

The different deposition periods in sedimentary geological environment have made the build-up and estimation of soil organic matter ambiguous to study. Soil organic matter has received global attention in the ambience of international policy regarding environmental health and safety. This research was to understand the inter-relationship between soil organic matter and bulk density, saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ksat), total, air-filled and capillary porosities for organic matter estimation, via different multiple linear regression functions (i.e., leapbackward, leap forward, leapseq and lmStepAIC), in soils developed over the sedimentary geological environment. Eight mapping units were obtained in Ishibori, Agoi Ibami and Mfamosing via digital elevation model. Two pits were sited within each mapping unit, and 53 soil samples were used for the study. In soils over shale–limestone–sandstone, two pits were sited, six in alluvium, four in sandstone–limestone and four in limestone. Overall correlation between SOM with Ksat (r = 0.626) and BD (r = − 0.588) was significant (p < 0.001). The strongest correlation was obtained for SOM with BD (r = − 0.783) and Ksat (r = 0.790) in soils over limestone. In contrast, soils over shale–limestone and sandstone geological environment gave the weakest relationship (r < 0.6). Linear regression gave a similar prediction output. The best performing was leapbackward (RMSE = 11.50%, R2 = 0.58, MAE = 8.48%), which produced a smaller error when compared with leap forward, leapseq and lmStepAIC functions in organic matter estimation. Therefore, we recommend applying leapback linear regression when estimating soil organic variation with physical soil properties for solving soil–environmental issues towards sustainable crop production in southeast Nigeria.

Ecosystem modeling is a critical process for understanding complex systems at spatiotemporal scales needed to conserve, manage, and restore ecosystem services (ESs). Although mangrove wetlands are sources of ESs worth billions of dollars, there is a lack of modeling tools. This is reflected in our lack of understanding of mangroves’ functional and structural attributes. Here, we discuss the “state of the art” of mangrove models used in the planning and monitoring of R/R projects during the last 30 years. The main objectives were to characterize the most frequent modeling approach, their spatiotemporal resolution, and their current utility/application in management decisions. We identified 281 studies in six broad model categories: conceptual, agent-based (ABM), process-based (PBM), spatial, statistical, and socioeconomic/management (ScoEco). The most widely used models are spatial and statistical, followed by PBM, ScoEco, and conceptual categories, while the ABMs were the least frequently used. Yet, the application of mangrove models in R/R projects since the early 1990s has been extremely limited, especially in the mechanistic model category. We discuss several approaches to help advance model development and applications, including the targeted allocation of potential revenue from global carbon markets to R/R projects using a multi-model and integrated approach.

Abstract Reducing legacy soil phosphorus (P) is recognised as an effective measure to mitigate diffuse P losses from agricultural landscapes and alleviate trophic pressure to freshwaters systems. Accounting for the distribution of P within farms is critical in identifying fields of agronomic underperformance and/or environmental risk to water as a consequence of inadequately managed re-cycling of P. There is also a need to understand how P use and legacy soil P evolves under the Nitrates Action Programme (NAP) regulations from the European Union (EU) Nitrates Directive. In an Irish case study the aim was to provide a systematic and detailed audit of P balance and soil P responses and trends in two mixed land use agricultural catchments (Arable A and B) across a four year study period. Driven by increased mineral P inputs the field balances in the Arable A catchment had an average surplus P, ranging from 1.9 to 7.5 kg ha−1 yr−1. However, between the study period 2010 to 2013, the average soil test P (STP) levels declined, with the area of excessive soil P concentrations decreasing by 8%. Similarly, in the Arable B catchment the average annual P inputs increased the surplus field P from -0.42 to 25.5 kg ha−1 yr−1, but the area of excessive soil P concentrations increased by 4%. In part, this increase is attributed to some fields receiving excess applications of organic nutrient forms above crop requirements. Whilst, the legacy soil P declined in the Arable A catchment indicating a response to NAP, for both catchments it is evident that the distribution of P sources within farms was poor and P inputs often did not match crop and soil P requirements at the field scale. This study highlights the need for improved support to knowledge transfer mechanisms that can deliver better farm and soil specific nutrient management planning strategies. Without this consideration, achieving the dual benefits of improvement to water quality and increased crop output from agricultural landscapes will be restricted.

An experiment was conducted at AICRP on Weed Management Farm, B. A. College of Agriculture, Anand Agricultural University, Anand, Gujarat during two consecutive Kharif season of the year 2017-18 and 2018-19 on loamy sand soil. Results indicated that maximum seed yield (2.73 t/ha) and gross realization of Rs. 90145/ha was achieved under IC fb HW at 20 and 40 DAS while net realization of Rs. 51212/ha and BC ratio of 2.51 was recorded under application of propaquizafop + imazethapyr 125 g/ha PoE (PM) closely followed by imazethapyr 100 g/ha PoE fb IC +HW at 30 DAS and fluazifop-p-butyl + fomesafen 250 g/ha PoE (PM). The plant stand, plant height and dry matter production of wheat, chickpea and mustard were not affected by the application of different herbicides in preceding soybean.

Abstract Auri (Acacia auriculiformis A. Cunn. ex Benth.) is one of pioneer tree species developed in forest and land rehabilitation. This species can be used as a short-rotation plantation forest for biomass energy source that produces small diameter stem. The potential use of small diameter auri needs to be supported by accurate biomass estimation. This study aims at developing biomass estimation model for young, small diameter auri tree and comparing the local model to generic model. Measurements were carried out on 92 samples of 2-years old auri tree planted with stand densities of 1850-2500 trees/ha. Data was analysed using 8 local models and compared to 5 generic models. Result of the study shows that the best model for estimating small diameter auri biomass is B1 model (B = 0.016(D 20)2.78). The comparison of local and generic models suggested that the local model is better in predicting the auri biomass. This model is valid for small diameter auri species in West Nusa Tenggara Province. This model also seems reliable to apply in similar climatic region, but need a local data validation.

Due to emerging high spectral resolution, remote sensing techniques and ongoing developments to retrieve the spectrally resolved vegetation fluorescence spectrum from several scales, the light reactions of photosynthesis are receiving a boost of attention for the monitoring of the Earth's carbon balance. Sensor-retrieved vegetation fluorescence (from leaf, tower, airborne or satellite scale) originating from the excited antenna chlorophyll a molecule has become a new quantitative biophysical vegetation parameter retrievable from space using global imaging techniques. However, to retrieve the actual quantum efficiencies, and hence a true photosynthetic status of the observed vegetation, all signal distortions must be accounted for, and a high-precision true vegetation reflectance must be resolved. ESA's upcoming Fluorescence Explorer aims to deliver such novel products thanks to technological and instrumental advances, and by sophisticated approaches that will enable a deeper understanding of the mechanics of energy transfer underlying the photosynthetic process in plant canopies and ecosystems.

The aim of this study; To combat the problems arising from rapid population growth and irregular urbanization in ecological terms, to ensure the integration of agriculture with the city and to develop strategies in order to ensure human health, environmental health, food safety, urban aesthetics, social integration and urban sustainability. As the study area, the adjacent area of Kırklareli has been considered. A 4-stage method was determined in the study. In the first stage, a literature review was conducted on the subject. In the second stage; The collection and examination of natural and socio-cultural data for Kırklareli province was carried out. In the third stage; As a result of the analyzes made, field observations were made and it was determined in which neighborhoods the most suitable urban agriculture model could be applied to the city of Kırklareli. In the last stage, in line with the available data and potentials for the city of Kırklareli, important strategies for the implementation of urban agriculture studies were developed and various suggestions were made.

Relevance. The genus Brassica includes the most important vegetable, oilseed, spice and forage crops. Many representatives of cabbage are widely used as model objects for studying economically valuable traits. Limited publications devoted to the study of genetic aspects of the implementation of morphological quantitative features of B. rapaand the lack of data on the influence of environmental parameters on their implementation make it a very urgent task to study these features in the RAES. Material and methods.The purpose of this work is to study the influence of environmental light factors on the manifestation of economically valuable features in the mapping populations of B. rapain the RAES. The peculiarity of our research is the study of lines of mapping populations of B. rapa in strictly controlled conditions of the RAES. The studied populations were grown under optimal conditions with a 12-hour photoperiod. 21 DH 30 lines and 31 DH 38 lines were used. Several types of economically valuable traits were studied: the timing of transition to flowering, the growth rate of the plant, the habit and morphological characteristics of the leaf and leaf rosette. Results. A high degree of variation in the expression of the studied traits between lines within the population was revealed, which is consistent with previously published data [1, 2]. Highly productive genotypes, which can be used in further genetic selection work, including for obtaining genotypes, lines, and varieties adapted for growing in light culture, have been selected. The obtained data can also be used for further study of the influence of physical environmental factors on the manifestation of selectively significant quantitative traits in cabbage plants.