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description Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2015 Ireland, France, United Kingdom, United Kingdom, Serbia, Portugal, ItalyPublisher:Springer Science and Business Media LLC Funded by:EC | NETWORKEU8000, WTEC| NETWORKEU8000 ,WTMélanie Roffet-Salque; Martine Regert; Richard P. Evershed; Alan K. Outram; Lucy J E Cramp; Orestes Decavallas; Julie Dunne; Pascale Gerbault; Simona Mileto; Sigrid Mirabaud; Mirva Pääkkönen; Jessica Smyth; Lucija Šoberl; Helen L. Whelton; Alfonso Alday-Ruiz; Henrik Asplund; Marta Bartkowiak; Eva Bayer-Niemeier; Lotfi Belhouchet; Federico Bernardini; Mihael Budja; Gabriel Cooney; Miriam Cubas; Ed M. Danaher; Mariana Diniz; László Domboróczki; Cristina Fabbri; Jesús González-Urquijo; Jean Guilaine; Slimane Hachi; Barrie Hartwell; Daniela Hofmann; Isabel Hohle; Juan José Ibáñez; Necmi Karul; Farid Kherbouche; Jacinta Kiely; Kostas Kotsakis; Friedrich Lueth; James Mallory; Claire Manen; Arkadiusz Marciniak; Brigitte Maurice-Chabard; Martin A. Mc Gonigle; Simone Mulazzani; Mehmet Özdoğan; Olga S. Perić; Slaviša Perić; Jörg Petrasch; Anne Marie Pétrequin; Pierre Pétrequin; Ulrike Poensgen; C. Joshua Pollard; François Poplin; Giovanna Radi; Peter F. Stadler; Harald Stäuble; Nenad Tasić; Dushka Urem-Kotsou; Jasna Vuković; Fintan Walsh; Alasdair Whittle; Sabine Wolfram; Lydia Zapata-Peña; Jamel Zoughlami;doi: 10.1038/nature15757
pmid: 26560301
International audience; The pressures on honeybee (Apis mellifera) populations, resulting from threats by modern pesticides, parasites, predators and diseases, have raised awareness of the economic importance and critical role this insect plays in agricultural societies across the globe. However, the association of humans with A. mellifera predates post-industrial-revolution agriculture, as evidenced by the widespread presence of ancient Egyptian bee iconography dating to the Old Kingdom (approximately 2400 bc). There are also indications of Stone Age people harvesting bee products; for example, honey hunting is interpreted from rock art in a prehistoric Holocene context and a beeswax find in a pre-agriculturalist site. However, when and where the regular association of A. mellifera with agriculturalists emerged is unknown. One of the major products of A. mellifera is beeswax, which is composed of a complex suite of lipids including n-alkanes, n-alkanoic acids and fatty acyl wax esters. The composition is highly constant as it is determined genetically through the insect’s biochemistry. Thus, the chemical ‘fingerprint’ of beeswax provides a reliable basis for detecting this commodity in organic residues preserved at archaeological sites, which we now use to trace the exploitation by humans of A. mellifera temporally and spatially. Here we present secure identifications of beeswax in lipid residues preserved in pottery vessels of Neolithic Old World farmers. The geographical range of bee product exploitation is traced in Neolithic Europe, the Near East and North Africa, providing the palaeoecological range of honeybees during prehistory. Temporally, we demonstrate that bee products were exploited continuously, and probably extensively in some regions, at least from the seventh millennium cal bc, likely fulfilling a variety of technological and cultural functions. The close association of A. mellifera with Neolithic farming communities dates to the early onset of agriculture and may provide evidence for the beginnings of a domestication process
e-Prints Soton arrow_drop_down Nature; Archivio istituzionale della ricerca - Università degli Studi di Venezia Ca' Foscari; LAReferencia - Red Federada de Repositorios Institucionales de Publicaciones Científicas LatinoamericanasOther literature type . Article . 2015 . Peer-reviewedLicense: Springer TDMREFF - University of Belgrade - Faculty of PhilosophyArticle . 2015Data sources: REFF - University of Belgrade - Faculty of PhilosophyUniversidade de Lisboa: Repositório.ULArticle . 2015Data sources: Universidade de Lisboa: Repositório.ULadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess RoutesGreen bronze 139 citations 139 popularity Top 1% influence Top 10% impulse Top 1% Powered by BIP!visibility 97visibility views 97 download downloads 1,161 Powered bymore_vert e-Prints Soton arrow_drop_down Nature; Archivio istituzionale della ricerca - Università degli Studi di Venezia Ca' Foscari; LAReferencia - Red Federada de Repositorios Institucionales de Publicaciones Científicas LatinoamericanasOther literature type . Article . 2015 . Peer-reviewedLicense: Springer TDMREFF - University of Belgrade - Faculty of PhilosophyArticle . 2015Data sources: REFF - University of Belgrade - Faculty of PhilosophyUniversidade de Lisboa: Repositório.ULArticle . 2015Data sources: Universidade de Lisboa: Repositório.ULadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2020 Italy, Netherlands, United Kingdom, Austria, United KingdomPublisher:Springer Science and Business Media LLC Funded by:EC | PICASSO, EC | ERA, EC | SIM4NEXUS +6 projectsEC| PICASSO ,EC| ERA ,EC| SIM4NEXUS ,UKRI| How does global land-use change reshape ecological assemblages over time? ,UKRI| Revealing the interactions between global biodiversity change and human food security ,EC| ENGAGE ,WT| Sustainable and Healthy Food Systems (SHEFS) ,EC| IMBALANCE-P ,UKRI| GCRF Trade, Development and the Environment HubDavid Leclère; Michael Obersteiner; M. Barrett; Stuart H. M. Butchart; Abhishek Chaudhary; Adriana De Palma; Fabrice DeClerck; Moreno Di Marco; Jonathan C. Doelman; M. Dürauer; Robin Freeman; Mike Harfoot; Tomoko Hasegawa; Stefanie Hellweg; Jelle P. Hilbers; Samantha L. L. Hill; Florian Humpenöder; Nancy Jennings; Tamás Krisztin; Georgina M. Mace; Haruka Ohashi; Alexander Popp; Andy Purvis; Aafke M. Schipper; Andrzej Tabeau; Hugo Valin; Hans van Meijl; Willem-Jan van Zeist; Piero Visconti; Rob Alkemade; Rosamunde E. A. Almond; G. Bunting; Neil D. Burgess; Sarah Cornell; Fulvio Di Fulvio; Simon Ferrier; Steffen Fritz; Shinichiro Fujimori; M. Grooten; Tom Harwood; Petr Havlik; Mario Herrero; Andrew J. Hoskins; Martin Jung; Tom Kram; Hermann Lotze-Campen; Tetsuya Matsui; Carsten Meyer; Deon Nel; Tim Newbold; Guido Schmidt-Traub; Elke Stehfest; Bernardo B. N. Strassburg; Detlef P. van Vuuren; Chris Ware; James E. M. Watson; Wenchao Wu; L. Young;Increased efforts are required to prevent further losses to terrestrial biodiversity and the ecosystem services that it provides1,2. Ambitious targets have been proposed, such as reversing the declining trends in biodiversity3; however, just feeding the growing human population will make this a challenge4. Here we use an ensemble of land-use and biodiversity models to assess whether—and how—humanity can reverse the declines in terrestrial biodiversity caused by habitat conversion, which is a major threat to biodiversity5. We show that immediate efforts, consistent with the broader sustainability agenda but of unprecedented ambition and coordination, could enable the provision of food for the growing human population while reversing the global terrestrial biodiversity trends caused by habitat conversion. If we decide to increase the extent of land under conservation management, restore degraded land and generalize landscape-level conservation planning, biodiversity trends from habitat conversion could become positive by the mid-twenty-first century on average across models (confidence interval, 2042–2061), but this was not the case for all models. Food prices could increase and, on average across models, almost half (confidence interval, 34–50%) of the future biodiversity losses could not be avoided. However, additionally tackling the drivers of land-use change could avoid conflict with affordable food provision and reduces the environmental effects of the food-provision system. Through further sustainable intensification and trade, reduced food waste and more plant-based human diets, more than two thirds of future biodiversity losses are avoided and the biodiversity trends from habitat conversion are reversed by 2050 for almost all of the models. Although limiting further loss will remain challenging in several biodiversity-rich regions, and other threats—such as climate change—must be addressed to truly reverse the declines in biodiversity, our results show that ambitious conservation efforts and food system transformation are central to an effective post-2020 biodiversity strategy. To promote the recovery of the currently declining global trends in terrestrial biodiversity, increases in both the extent of land under conservation management and the sustainability of the global food system from farm to fork are required.
NARCIS; Utrecht Univ... arrow_drop_down NARCIS; Utrecht University RepositoryArticle . 2020Nature; Archivio della ricerca- Università di Roma La SapienzaOther literature type . Article . 2020 . Peer-reviewedLicense: Springer TDMArchivio della ricerca- Università di Roma La SapienzaArticle . 2020Data sources: Archivio della ricerca- Università di Roma La Sapienzaadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess RoutesGreen hybrid 391 citations 391 popularity Top 0.1% influence Top 1% impulse Top 0.01% Powered by BIP!visibility 20visibility views 20 download downloads 32 Powered bymore_vert NARCIS; Utrecht Univ... arrow_drop_down NARCIS; Utrecht University RepositoryArticle . 2020Nature; Archivio della ricerca- Università di Roma La SapienzaOther literature type . Article . 2020 . Peer-reviewedLicense: Springer TDMArchivio della ricerca- Università di Roma La SapienzaArticle . 2020Data sources: Archivio della ricerca- Università di Roma La Sapienzaadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2016 PeruPublisher:Public Library of Science (PLoS) Funded by:WT, NIH | Infectious Diseases Train..., NIH | Training in Infectious Di... +1 projectsWT ,NIH| Infectious Diseases Training Program in Peru ,NIH| Training in Infectious Diseases in Peru ,NIH| Fogarty International Clinical Research Scholars Support Center @ Vanderbilt-AAMCNancy Chile; Taryn Clark; Yanina Arana; Ynes R Ortega; Sandra Palma; Alan Mejia; Noelia Angulo; Jon C Kosek; Margaret Kosek; Luis A Gomez-Puerta; Hector H Garcia; Cesar M Gavidia; Robert H Gilman; Manuela Verastegui; Cysticercosis Working Group in Peru;Background The transitional period between the oncosphere and the cysticercus of Taenia solium is the postoncospheral (PO) form, which has not yet been completely characterized. The aim of this work was to standardize a method to obtain T. solium PO forms by in vitro cultivation. We studied the morphology of the PO form and compared the expression of antigenic proteins among the PO form, oncosphere, and cysticerci stages. Methodology/Principal Findings T. solium activated oncospheres were co-cultured with ten cell lines to obtain PO forms, which we studied at three stages of development–days 15, 30, and 60. A high percentage (32%) of PO forms was obtained using HCT-8 cells in comparison to the other cell lines. The morphology was observed by bright field, scanning, and transmission electron microscopy. Morphology of the PO form changed over time, with the six hooks commonly seen in the oncosphere stage disappearing in the PO forms, and vesicles and microtriches observed in the tegument. The PO forms grew as they aged, reaching a diameter of 2.5 mm at 60 days of culture. 15–30 day PO forms developed into mature cysticerci when inoculated into rats. Antigenic proteins expressed in the PO forms are also expressed by the oncosphere and cysticerci stages, with more cysticerci antigenic proteins expressed as the PO forms ages. Conclusions/Significance This is the first report of an in vitro production method of T. solium PO forms. The changes observed in protein expression may be useful in identifying new targets for vaccine development. In vitro culture of PO form will aid in understanding the host-parasite relationship, since the structural changes of the developing PO forms may reflect the parasite’s immunoprotective mechanisms. A wider application of this method could significantly reduce the use of animals, and thus the costs and time required for further experimental investigations. Author Summary Neurocysticercosis is caused by T. solium, which is a neglected disease. The postoncospheral (PO) form is an intermediate form between the oncosphere, which is the larva, and the fully developed cysticercus, which is a cyst with a scolex. The morphology, development, and protein and antigen expression of the PO form have not previously been characterized. Here, we report the novel in vitro cultivation of T. solium PO forms and characterize the morphology, development, and expression of antigenic proteins. This new method will allow for better study of this transitional form, which is very difficult to study in the intermediate host. With the increased availability of secreted proteins and antigens, in vitro cultivation will help improve diagnostic assays and provide new targets for vaccine development to block transmission.
Europe PubMed Centra... arrow_drop_down Europe PubMed CentralArticle . 2016Full-Text: http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC4749246Data sources: PubMed CentralPLoS Neglected Tropical DiseasesArticle . 2016 . Peer-reviewedLicense: CC BYData sources: CrossrefRepositorio Institucional Universidad Peruana Cayetano HerediaArticle . 2019 . 2016License: CC BY NC NDadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess RoutesGreen gold 10 citations 10 popularity Top 10% influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!more_vert Europe PubMed Centra... arrow_drop_down Europe PubMed CentralArticle . 2016Full-Text: http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC4749246Data sources: PubMed CentralPLoS Neglected Tropical DiseasesArticle . 2016 . Peer-reviewedLicense: CC BYData sources: CrossrefRepositorio Institucional Universidad Peruana Cayetano HerediaArticle . 2019 . 2016License: CC BY NC NDadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1371/journal.pntd.0004396&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article , Other literature type 2016 Netherlands, Germany, United Kingdom Funded by:WT | Making better use of comp..., WT, EC | RODAMWT| Making better use of computerised clinical data for epidemiological research. ,WT ,EC| RODAMAgyemang, Charles; Meeks, Karlijn; Beune, Erik; Owusu-Dabo, Ellis; Mockenhaupt, Frank P.; Addo, Juliet; Aikins, Ama De Graft; Bahendeka, Silver; Danquah, Ina; Schulze, Matthias B.; Spranger, Joachim; Burr, Tom; Agyei-Baffour, Peter; Amoah, Stephen K.; Galbete, Cecilia; Henneman, Peter; Klipstein-Grobusch, Kerstin; Nicolaou, Mary; Adeyemo, Adebowale; Van Straalen, Jan; Smeeth, Liam; Stronks, Karien;Background Rising rates of obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D) are impending major threats to the health of African populations, but the extent to which they differ between rural and urban settings in Africa and upon migration to Europe is unknown. We assessed the burden of obesity and T2D among Ghanaians living in rural and urban Ghana and Ghanaian migrants living in different European countries. Methods A multi-centre cross-sectional study was conducted among Ghanaian adults (n = 5659) aged 25–70 years residing in rural and urban Ghana and three European cities (Amsterdam, London and Berlin). Comparisons between groups were made using prevalence ratios (PRs) with adjustments for age and education. Results In rural Ghana, the prevalence of obesity was 1.3 % in men and 8.3 % in women. The prevalence was considerably higher in urban Ghana (men, 6.9 %; PR: 5.26, 95 % CI, 2.04–13.57; women, 33.9 %; PR: 4.11, 3.13–5.40) and even more so in Europe, especially in London (men, 21.4 %; PR: 15.04, 5.98–37.84; women, 54.2 %; PR: 6.63, 5.04–8.72). The prevalence of T2D was low at 3.6 % and 5.5 % in rural Ghanaian men and women, and increased in urban Ghanaians (men, 10.3 %; PR: 3.06; 1.73–5.40; women, 9.2 %; PR: 1.81, 1.25–2.64) and highest in Berlin (men, 15.3 %; PR: 4.47; 2.50–7.98; women, 10.2 %; PR: 2.21, 1.30–3.75). Impaired fasting glycaemia prevalence was comparatively higher only in Amsterdam, and in London, men compared with rural Ghana. Conclusion Our study shows high risks of obesity and T2D among sub-Saharan African populations living in Europe. In Ghana, similarly high prevalence rates were seen in an urban environment, whereas in rural areas, the prevalence of obesity among women is already remarkable. Similar processes underlying the high burden of obesity and T2D following migration may also be at play in sub-Saharan Africa as a consequence of urbanisation. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12916-016-0709-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
NARCIS; Utrecht Univ... arrow_drop_down Europe PubMed CentralArticle . 2016Full-Text: http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC5075171Data sources: PubMed CentralCORE (RIOXX-UK Aggregator)Article . 2016License: CC BYFull-Text: https://researchonline.lshtm.ac.uk/id/eprint/3029305/1/art%253A10.1186%252Fs12916-016-0709-0.pdfData sources: CORE (RIOXX-UK Aggregator)Refubium - Repositorium der Freien Universität BerlinArticle . 2016License: CC BYData sources: Refubium - Repositorium der Freien Universität BerlinZENODO; BMC Medicine; OpenAPC Global InitiativeArticle . Conference object . 2016 . Peer-reviewedLicense: Springer TDMFachrepositorium LebenswissenschaftenArticle . 2016License: CC BYData sources: Fachrepositorium Lebenswissenschaftenadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1186/s12916-016-0709-0&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess RoutesGreen gold 134 citations 134 popularity Top 1% influence Top 10% impulse Top 1% Powered by BIP!visibility 29visibility views 29 download downloads 136 Powered bymore_vert NARCIS; Utrecht Univ... arrow_drop_down Europe PubMed CentralArticle . 2016Full-Text: http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC5075171Data sources: PubMed CentralCORE (RIOXX-UK Aggregator)Article . 2016License: CC BYFull-Text: https://researchonline.lshtm.ac.uk/id/eprint/3029305/1/art%253A10.1186%252Fs12916-016-0709-0.pdfData sources: CORE (RIOXX-UK Aggregator)Refubium - Repositorium der Freien Universität BerlinArticle . 2016License: CC BYData sources: Refubium - Repositorium der Freien Universität BerlinZENODO; BMC Medicine; OpenAPC Global InitiativeArticle . Conference object . 2016 . Peer-reviewedLicense: Springer TDMFachrepositorium LebenswissenschaftenArticle . 2016License: CC BYData sources: Fachrepositorium Lebenswissenschaftenadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2013 United KingdomPublisher:Elsevier BV Funded by:WTWTNickbakhsh, Sema; Matthews, Louise; Dent, Jennifer E.; Innocent, Giles T.; Arnold, Mark E.; Reid, Stuart W.J.; Kao, Rowland R.;pmc: PMC3694308
pmid: 23746799
The importance of considering coupled interactions across multiple population scales has not previously been studied for highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) in the British commercial poultry industry. By simulating the within-flock transmission of HPAI using a deterministic S-E-I-R model, and by incorporating an additional environmental class representing infectious faeces, we tracked the build-up of infectious faeces within a poultry house over time. A measure of the transmission risk (TR) was computed for each farm by linking the amount of infectious faeces present each day of an outbreak with data describing the daily on-farm visit schedules for a major British catching company. Larger flocks tended to have greater levels of these catching-team visits. However, where density-dependent contact was assumed, faster outbreak detection (according to an assumed mortality threshold) led to a decreased opportunity for catching-team visits to coincide with an outbreak. For this reason, maximum TR-levels were found for mid-range flock sizes (~25,000–35,000 birds). When assessing all factors simultaneously using multivariable linear regression on the simulated outputs, those related to the pattern of catching-team visits had the largest effect on TR, with the most important movement-related factor depending on the mode of transmission. Using social network analysis on a further database to inform a measure of between-farm connectivity, we identified a large fraction of farms (28%) that had both a high TR and a high potential impact at the between farm level. Our results have counter-intuitive implications for between-farm spread that could not be predicted based on flock size alone, and together with further knowledge of the relative importance of transmission risk and impact, could have implications for improved targeting of control measures. Highlights • Cross-scale dynamics were investigated for avian influenza in British poultry. • Transmission risk is dependent on the assumed within-flock transmission mode. • Transmission risk may not scale with transmissibility or flock size. • Transmission risk corresponds with between-farm impact for 28% of farms. • These results have implications for targeted disease control at the farm-level.
Europe PubMed Centra... arrow_drop_down Europe PubMed CentralArticle . 2013Full-Text: http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3694308Data sources: PubMed Centraladd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess RoutesGreen gold 21 citations 21 popularity Top 10% influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!more_vert Europe PubMed Centra... arrow_drop_down Europe PubMed CentralArticle . 2013Full-Text: http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3694308Data sources: PubMed Centraladd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1016/j.epidem.2013.03.001&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article , Other literature type 2013 SwitzerlandPublisher:Public Library of Science (PLoS) Funded by:WTWTBecker, Doreen; Luther, Henning; Hofer, Andreas; Leeb, Tosso; Wimmers, Klaus;The improvement of meat quality and production traits has high priority in the pork industry. Many of these traits show a low to moderate heritability and are difficult and expensive to measure. Their improvement by targeted breeding programs is challenging and requires knowledge of the genetic and molecular background. For this study we genotyped 192 artificial insemination boars of a commercial line derived from the Swiss Large White breed using the PorcineSNP60 BeadChip with 62,163 evenly spaced SNPs across the pig genome. We obtained 26 estimated breeding values (EBVs) for various traits including exterior, meat quality, reproduction, and production. The subsequent genome-wide association analysis allowed us to identify four QTL with suggestive significance for three of these traits (p-values ranging from 4.99×10−6 to 2.73×10−5). Single QTL for the EBVs pH one hour post mortem (pH1) and carcass length were on pig chromosome (SSC) 14 and SSC 2, respectively. Two QTL for the EBV rear view hind legs were on SSC 10 and SSC 16.
Europe PubMed Centra... arrow_drop_down Europe PubMed CentralArticle . 2013Full-Text: http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3564845Data sources: PubMed CentralBern Open Repository and Information System (BORIS)Article . 2013 . Peer-reviewedData sources: Bern Open Repository and Information System (BORIS)Fachrepositorium LebenswissenschaftenArticle . 2013Data sources: Fachrepositorium LebenswissenschaftenBern Open Repository and Information System (BORIS)Article . 2013 . Peer-reviewedData sources: Bern Open Repository and Information System (BORIS)add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1371/journal.pone.0055951&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess RoutesGreen gold 35 citations 35 popularity Top 10% influence Top 10% impulse Top 10% Powered by BIP!more_vert Europe PubMed Centra... arrow_drop_down Europe PubMed CentralArticle . 2013Full-Text: http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3564845Data sources: PubMed CentralBern Open Repository and Information System (BORIS)Article . 2013 . Peer-reviewedData sources: Bern Open Repository and Information System (BORIS)Fachrepositorium LebenswissenschaftenArticle . 2013Data sources: Fachrepositorium LebenswissenschaftenBern Open Repository and Information System (BORIS)Article . 2013 . Peer-reviewedData sources: Bern Open Repository and Information System (BORIS)add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2020 Argentina, Belgium, United KingdomPublisher:Springer Science and Business Media LLC Funded by:WTWTStefanos Georganos; Oscar Brousse; Sébastien Dujardin; Catherine Linard; Daniel C Casey; Marco Milliones; Benoit Parmentier; Nicole Van Lipzig; Matthias Demuzere; Taïs Grippa; Sabine Vanhuysse; Nicholus Mboga; Verónica Andreo; Robert W. Snow; Moritz Lennert;BACKGROUND: The rapid and often uncontrolled rural-urban migration in Sub-Saharan Africa is transforming urban landscapes expected to provide shelter for more than 50% of Africa's population by 2030. Consequently, the burden of malaria is increasingly affecting the urban population, while socio-economic inequalities within the urban settings are intensified. Few studies, relying mostly on moderate to high resolution datasets and standard predictive variables such as building and vegetation density, have tackled the topic of modeling intra-urban malaria at the city extent. In this research, we investigate the contribution of very-high-resolution satellite-derived land-use, land-cover and population information for modeling the spatial distribution of urban malaria prevalence across large spatial extents. As case studies, we apply our methods to two Sub-Saharan African cities, Kampala and Dar es Salaam. METHODS: Openly accessible land-cover, land-use, population and OpenStreetMap data were employed to spatially model Plasmodium falciparum parasite rate standardized to the age group 2-10 years (PfPR2-10) in the two cities through the use of a Random Forest (RF) regressor. The RF models integrated physical and socio-economic information to predict PfPR2-10 across the urban landscape. Intra-urban population distribution maps were used to adjust the estimates according to the underlying population. RESULTS: The results suggest that the spatial distribution of PfPR2-10 in both cities is diverse and highly variable across the urban fabric. Dense informal settlements exhibit a positive relationship with PfPR2-10 and hotspots of malaria prevalence were found near suitable vector breeding sites such as wetlands, marshes and riparian vegetation. In both cities, there is a clear separation of higher risk in informal settlements and lower risk in the more affluent neighborhoods. Additionally, areas associated with urban agriculture exhibit higher malaria prevalence values. CONCLUSIONS: The outcome of this research highlights that populations living in informal settlements show higher malaria prevalence compared to those in planned residential neighborhoods. This is due to (i) increased human exposure to vectors, (ii) increased vector density and (iii) a reduced capacity to cope with malaria burden. Since informal settlements are rapidly expanding every year and often house large parts of the urban population, this emphasizes the need for systematic and consistent malaria surveys in such areas. Finally, this study demonstrates the importance of remote sensing as an epidemiological tool for mapping urban malaria variations at large spatial extents, and for promoting evidence-based policy making and control efforts. ispartof: INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEALTH GEOGRAPHICS vol:19 issue:1 ispartof: location:England status: published
International Journa... arrow_drop_down International Journal of Health GeographicsArticle . 2020Full-Text: http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC7504835Data sources: PubMed CentralGhent University Academic BibliographyArticle . 2020Data sources: Ghent University Academic BibliographyOxford University Research Archive; International Journal of Health Geographics; Ghent University Academic BibliographyArticle . 2020 . Peer-reviewedLicense: CC BYRepository of the University of NamurArticle . 2020Data sources: Repository of the University of Namuradd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess RoutesGreen gold more_vert International Journa... arrow_drop_down International Journal of Health GeographicsArticle . 2020Full-Text: http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC7504835Data sources: PubMed CentralGhent University Academic BibliographyArticle . 2020Data sources: Ghent University Academic BibliographyOxford University Research Archive; International Journal of Health Geographics; Ghent University Academic BibliographyArticle . 2020 . Peer-reviewedLicense: CC BYRepository of the University of NamurArticle . 2020Data sources: Repository of the University of Namuradd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2017Publisher:The Royal Society Funded by:WT, NSF | Demographic and behaviora..., NSF | Consequences of Anthropog... +2 projectsWT ,NSF| Demographic and behavioral responses to resource shifts and the transmission of rabies in vampire bats ,NSF| Consequences of Anthropogenic Resources for the Cross-Scale Dynamics of an Enteric Pathogen in an Avian Host ,NSF| RCN: Refining and diversifying ecological immunology ,WT| Managing viral emergence at the interface of bats and livestockDaniel J. Becker; Matthew M. Chumchal; Alexandra B. Bentz; Steven G. Platt; Gábor Á. Czirják; Thomas R. Rainwater; Sonia Altizer; Daniel G. Streicker;Mercury (Hg) is a pervasive heavy metal that often enters the environment from anthropogenic sources such as gold mining and agriculture. Chronic exposure to Hg can impair immune function, reducing the ability of animals to resist or recover from infections. How Hg influences immunity and susceptibility remains unknown for bats, which appear immunologically distinct from other mammals and are reservoir hosts of many pathogens of importance to human and animal health. We here quantify total Hg (THg) in hair collected from common vampire bats ( Desmodus rotundus ), which feed on blood and are the main reservoir hosts of rabies virus in Latin America. We examine how diet, sampling site and year, and bat demography influence THg and test the consequences of this variation for eight immune measures. In two populations from Belize, THg concentrations in bats were best explained by an interaction between long-term diet inferred from stable isotopes and year. Bats that foraged more consistently on domestic animals exhibited higher THg. However, relationships between diet and THg were evident only in 2015 but not in 2014, which could reflect recent environmental perturbations associated with agriculture. THg concentrations were low relative to values previously observed in other bat species but still correlated with bat immunity. Bats with higher THg had more neutrophils, weaker bacterial killing ability and impaired innate immunity. These patterns suggest that temporal variation in Hg exposure may impair bat innate immunity and increase susceptibility to pathogens such as bacteria. Unexpected associations between low-level Hg exposure and immune function underscore the need to better understand the environmental sources of Hg exposure in bats and the consequences for bat immunity and susceptibility.
Europe PubMed Centra... arrow_drop_down Europe PubMed CentralArticle . 2017Full-Text: http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC5414270Data sources: PubMed CentralFachrepositorium LebenswissenschaftenArticle . 2017Data sources: Fachrepositorium LebenswissenschaftenRoyal Society Open ScienceArticle . 2017 . Peer-reviewedLicense: Royal Society Data Sharing and AccessibilityData sources: Crossrefadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess RoutesGreen gold more_vert Europe PubMed Centra... arrow_drop_down Europe PubMed CentralArticle . 2017Full-Text: http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC5414270Data sources: PubMed CentralFachrepositorium LebenswissenschaftenArticle . 2017Data sources: Fachrepositorium LebenswissenschaftenRoyal Society Open ScienceArticle . 2017 . Peer-reviewedLicense: Royal Society Data Sharing and AccessibilityData sources: Crossrefadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2014 IrelandPublisher:Elsevier BV Funded by:WTWTFinnegan, J.; Regan, J.T.; Fenton, O.; Lanigan, G.J.; Brennan, R.B.; Healy, M.G.;pmid: 24814547
This work was funded by the Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food and the Environmental Protection Agency under the STRIVE program 2007 – 2013. peer-reviewed Management changes such as drainage, fertilisation, afforestation and harvesting (clearfelling) of forested peatlands influence watertable (WT) position and groundwater concentrations of nutrients. This study investigated the impact of clearfelling of a peatland forest on WT and nutrient concentrations. Three areas were examined: (1) a regenerated riparian peatland buffer (RB) clearfelled four years prior to the present study (2) a recently clearfelled coniferous forest (CF) and (3) a standing, mature coniferous forest (SF), on which no harvesting took place. The WT remained consistently below 0.3 m during the pre-clearfelling period. Results showed there was an almost immediate rise in the WT after clearfelling and a rise to 0.15 m below ground level (bgl) within 10 months of clearfelling. Clearfelling of the forest increased dissolved reactive phosphorus concentrations (from an average of 28–230 μg L−1) in the shallow groundwater, likely caused by leaching from degrading brash mats. Environmental Protection Agency Department of Agriculture, Food and the Marine
Access to Research a... arrow_drop_down add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess Routeshybrid 8 citations 8 popularity Average influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!more_vert Access to Research a... arrow_drop_down add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1016/j.jenvman.2014.04.008&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Preprint , Article 2014 FrancePublisher:Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Funded by:NSF | Gene Discovery for Maize ..., WT, NSF | Biology of Rare Alleles i... +1 projectsNSF| Gene Discovery for Maize Responses to Nitrogen ,WT ,NSF| Biology of Rare Alleles in Maize and Its Wild Relatives ,NSF| Genetic Architecture of Maize and TeosinteWallace, Jason G; Bradbury, Peter; Zhang, Nengyi; Gibon, Yves; Stitt, Mark; Buckler, Edward;Phenotypic variation in natural populations results from a combination of genetic effects, environmental effects, and gene-by-environment interactions. Despite the vast amount of genomic data becoming available, many pressing questions remain about the nature of genetic mutations that underlie functional variation. We present the results of combining genome-wide association analysis of 41 different phenotypes in ∼5,000 inbred maize lines to analyze patterns of high-resolution genetic association among of 28.9 million single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and ∼800,000 copy-number variants (CNVs). We show that genic and intergenic regions have opposite patterns of enrichment, minor allele frequencies, and effect sizes, implying tradeoffs among the probability that a given polymorphism will have an effect, the detectable size of that effect, and its frequency in the population. We also find that genes tagged by GWAS are enriched for regulatory functions and are ∼50% more likely to have a paralog than expected by chance, indicating that gene regulation and gene duplication are strong drivers of phenotypic variation. These results will likely apply to many other organisms, especially ones with large and complex genomes like maize. Author Summary We performed genome-wide association mapping analysis in maize for 41 different phenotypes in order to identify which types of variants are more likely to be important for controlling traits. We took advantage of a large mapping population (roughly 5000 recombinant inbred lines) and nearly 30 million segregating variants to identify ∼4800 variants that were significantly associated with at least one phenotype. While these variants are enriched in genes, most of them occur outside of genes, often in regions where regulatory elements likely lie. We also found a significant enrichment for paralogous (duplicated) genes, implying that functional divergence after gene duplication plays an important role in trait variation. Overall these analyses provide important insight into the unifying patterns of variation in traits across maize, and the results will likely also apply to other organisms with similarly large, complex genomes.
bioRxiv arrow_drop_down bioRxivPreprint . 2014Europe PubMed CentralArticle . 2014Full-Text: http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC4256217Data sources: PubMed Centraladd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess RoutesGreen gold 164 citations 164 popularity Top 1% influence Top 10% impulse Top 1% Powered by BIP!visibility 13visibility views 13 Powered bymore_vert bioRxiv arrow_drop_down bioRxivPreprint . 2014Europe PubMed CentralArticle . 2014Full-Text: http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC4256217Data sources: PubMed Centraladd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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description Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2015 Ireland, France, United Kingdom, United Kingdom, Serbia, Portugal, ItalyPublisher:Springer Science and Business Media LLC Funded by:EC | NETWORKEU8000, WTEC| NETWORKEU8000 ,WTMélanie Roffet-Salque; Martine Regert; Richard P. Evershed; Alan K. Outram; Lucy J E Cramp; Orestes Decavallas; Julie Dunne; Pascale Gerbault; Simona Mileto; Sigrid Mirabaud; Mirva Pääkkönen; Jessica Smyth; Lucija Šoberl; Helen L. Whelton; Alfonso Alday-Ruiz; Henrik Asplund; Marta Bartkowiak; Eva Bayer-Niemeier; Lotfi Belhouchet; Federico Bernardini; Mihael Budja; Gabriel Cooney; Miriam Cubas; Ed M. Danaher; Mariana Diniz; László Domboróczki; Cristina Fabbri; Jesús González-Urquijo; Jean Guilaine; Slimane Hachi; Barrie Hartwell; Daniela Hofmann; Isabel Hohle; Juan José Ibáñez; Necmi Karul; Farid Kherbouche; Jacinta Kiely; Kostas Kotsakis; Friedrich Lueth; James Mallory; Claire Manen; Arkadiusz Marciniak; Brigitte Maurice-Chabard; Martin A. Mc Gonigle; Simone Mulazzani; Mehmet Özdoğan; Olga S. Perić; Slaviša Perić; Jörg Petrasch; Anne Marie Pétrequin; Pierre Pétrequin; Ulrike Poensgen; C. Joshua Pollard; François Poplin; Giovanna Radi; Peter F. Stadler; Harald Stäuble; Nenad Tasić; Dushka Urem-Kotsou; Jasna Vuković; Fintan Walsh; Alasdair Whittle; Sabine Wolfram; Lydia Zapata-Peña; Jamel Zoughlami;doi: 10.1038/nature15757
pmid: 26560301
International audience; The pressures on honeybee (Apis mellifera) populations, resulting from threats by modern pesticides, parasites, predators and diseases, have raised awareness of the economic importance and critical role this insect plays in agricultural societies across the globe. However, the association of humans with A. mellifera predates post-industrial-revolution agriculture, as evidenced by the widespread presence of ancient Egyptian bee iconography dating to the Old Kingdom (approximately 2400 bc). There are also indications of Stone Age people harvesting bee products; for example, honey hunting is interpreted from rock art in a prehistoric Holocene context and a beeswax find in a pre-agriculturalist site. However, when and where the regular association of A. mellifera with agriculturalists emerged is unknown. One of the major products of A. mellifera is beeswax, which is composed of a complex suite of lipids including n-alkanes, n-alkanoic acids and fatty acyl wax esters. The composition is highly constant as it is determined genetically through the insect’s biochemistry. Thus, the chemical ‘fingerprint’ of beeswax provides a reliable basis for detecting this commodity in organic residues preserved at archaeological sites, which we now use to trace the exploitation by humans of A. mellifera temporally and spatially. Here we present secure identifications of beeswax in lipid residues preserved in pottery vessels of Neolithic Old World farmers. The geographical range of bee product exploitation is traced in Neolithic Europe, the Near East and North Africa, providing the palaeoecological range of honeybees during prehistory. Temporally, we demonstrate that bee products were exploited continuously, and probably extensively in some regions, at least from the seventh millennium cal bc, likely fulfilling a variety of technological and cultural functions. The close association of A. mellifera with Neolithic farming communities dates to the early onset of agriculture and may provide evidence for the beginnings of a domestication process
e-Prints Soton arrow_drop_down Nature; Archivio istituzionale della ricerca - Università degli Studi di Venezia Ca' Foscari; LAReferencia - Red Federada de Repositorios Institucionales de Publicaciones Científicas LatinoamericanasOther literature type . Article . 2015 . Peer-reviewedLicense: Springer TDMREFF - University of Belgrade - Faculty of PhilosophyArticle . 2015Data sources: REFF - University of Belgrade - Faculty of PhilosophyUniversidade de Lisboa: Repositório.ULArticle . 2015Data sources: Universidade de Lisboa: Repositório.ULadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1038/nature15757&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess RoutesGreen bronze 139 citations 139 popularity Top 1% influence Top 10% impulse Top 1% Powered by BIP!visibility 97visibility views 97 download downloads 1,161 Powered bymore_vert e-Prints Soton arrow_drop_down Nature; Archivio istituzionale della ricerca - Università degli Studi di Venezia Ca' Foscari; LAReferencia - Red Federada de Repositorios Institucionales de Publicaciones Científicas LatinoamericanasOther literature type . Article . 2015 . Peer-reviewedLicense: Springer TDMREFF - University of Belgrade - Faculty of PhilosophyArticle . 2015Data sources: REFF - University of Belgrade - Faculty of PhilosophyUniversidade de Lisboa: Repositório.ULArticle . 2015Data sources: Universidade de Lisboa: Repositório.ULadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1038/nature15757&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2020 Italy, Netherlands, United Kingdom, Austria, United KingdomPublisher:Springer Science and Business Media LLC Funded by:EC | PICASSO, EC | ERA, EC | SIM4NEXUS +6 projectsEC| PICASSO ,EC| ERA ,EC| SIM4NEXUS ,UKRI| How does global land-use change reshape ecological assemblages over time? ,UKRI| Revealing the interactions between global biodiversity change and human food security ,EC| ENGAGE ,WT| Sustainable and Healthy Food Systems (SHEFS) ,EC| IMBALANCE-P ,UKRI| GCRF Trade, Development and the Environment HubDavid Leclère; Michael Obersteiner; M. Barrett; Stuart H. M. Butchart; Abhishek Chaudhary; Adriana De Palma; Fabrice DeClerck; Moreno Di Marco; Jonathan C. Doelman; M. Dürauer; Robin Freeman; Mike Harfoot; Tomoko Hasegawa; Stefanie Hellweg; Jelle P. Hilbers; Samantha L. L. Hill; Florian Humpenöder; Nancy Jennings; Tamás Krisztin; Georgina M. Mace; Haruka Ohashi; Alexander Popp; Andy Purvis; Aafke M. Schipper; Andrzej Tabeau; Hugo Valin; Hans van Meijl; Willem-Jan van Zeist; Piero Visconti; Rob Alkemade; Rosamunde E. A. Almond; G. Bunting; Neil D. Burgess; Sarah Cornell; Fulvio Di Fulvio; Simon Ferrier; Steffen Fritz; Shinichiro Fujimori; M. Grooten; Tom Harwood; Petr Havlik; Mario Herrero; Andrew J. Hoskins; Martin Jung; Tom Kram; Hermann Lotze-Campen; Tetsuya Matsui; Carsten Meyer; Deon Nel; Tim Newbold; Guido Schmidt-Traub; Elke Stehfest; Bernardo B. N. Strassburg; Detlef P. van Vuuren; Chris Ware; James E. M. Watson; Wenchao Wu; L. Young;Increased efforts are required to prevent further losses to terrestrial biodiversity and the ecosystem services that it provides1,2. Ambitious targets have been proposed, such as reversing the declining trends in biodiversity3; however, just feeding the growing human population will make this a challenge4. Here we use an ensemble of land-use and biodiversity models to assess whether—and how—humanity can reverse the declines in terrestrial biodiversity caused by habitat conversion, which is a major threat to biodiversity5. We show that immediate efforts, consistent with the broader sustainability agenda but of unprecedented ambition and coordination, could enable the provision of food for the growing human population while reversing the global terrestrial biodiversity trends caused by habitat conversion. If we decide to increase the extent of land under conservation management, restore degraded land and generalize landscape-level conservation planning, biodiversity trends from habitat conversion could become positive by the mid-twenty-first century on average across models (confidence interval, 2042–2061), but this was not the case for all models. Food prices could increase and, on average across models, almost half (confidence interval, 34–50%) of the future biodiversity losses could not be avoided. However, additionally tackling the drivers of land-use change could avoid conflict with affordable food provision and reduces the environmental effects of the food-provision system. Through further sustainable intensification and trade, reduced food waste and more plant-based human diets, more than two thirds of future biodiversity losses are avoided and the biodiversity trends from habitat conversion are reversed by 2050 for almost all of the models. Although limiting further loss will remain challenging in several biodiversity-rich regions, and other threats—such as climate change—must be addressed to truly reverse the declines in biodiversity, our results show that ambitious conservation efforts and food system transformation are central to an effective post-2020 biodiversity strategy. To promote the recovery of the currently declining global trends in terrestrial biodiversity, increases in both the extent of land under conservation management and the sustainability of the global food system from farm to fork are required.
NARCIS; Utrecht Univ... arrow_drop_down NARCIS; Utrecht University RepositoryArticle . 2020Nature; Archivio della ricerca- Università di Roma La SapienzaOther literature type . Article . 2020 . Peer-reviewedLicense: Springer TDMArchivio della ricerca- Università di Roma La SapienzaArticle . 2020Data sources: Archivio della ricerca- Università di Roma La Sapienzaadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1038/s41586-020-2705-y&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess RoutesGreen hybrid 391 citations 391 popularity Top 0.1% influence Top 1% impulse Top 0.01% Powered by BIP!visibility 20visibility views 20 download downloads 32 Powered bymore_vert NARCIS; Utrecht Univ... arrow_drop_down NARCIS; Utrecht University RepositoryArticle . 2020Nature; Archivio della ricerca- Università di Roma La SapienzaOther literature type . Article . 2020 . Peer-reviewedLicense: Springer TDMArchivio della ricerca- Università di Roma La SapienzaArticle . 2020Data sources: Archivio della ricerca- Università di Roma La Sapienzaadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2016 PeruPublisher:Public Library of Science (PLoS) Funded by:WT, NIH | Infectious Diseases Train..., NIH | Training in Infectious Di... +1 projectsWT ,NIH| Infectious Diseases Training Program in Peru ,NIH| Training in Infectious Diseases in Peru ,NIH| Fogarty International Clinical Research Scholars Support Center @ Vanderbilt-AAMCNancy Chile; Taryn Clark; Yanina Arana; Ynes R Ortega; Sandra Palma; Alan Mejia; Noelia Angulo; Jon C Kosek; Margaret Kosek; Luis A Gomez-Puerta; Hector H Garcia; Cesar M Gavidia; Robert H Gilman; Manuela Verastegui; Cysticercosis Working Group in Peru;Background The transitional period between the oncosphere and the cysticercus of Taenia solium is the postoncospheral (PO) form, which has not yet been completely characterized. The aim of this work was to standardize a method to obtain T. solium PO forms by in vitro cultivation. We studied the morphology of the PO form and compared the expression of antigenic proteins among the PO form, oncosphere, and cysticerci stages. Methodology/Principal Findings T. solium activated oncospheres were co-cultured with ten cell lines to obtain PO forms, which we studied at three stages of development–days 15, 30, and 60. A high percentage (32%) of PO forms was obtained using HCT-8 cells in comparison to the other cell lines. The morphology was observed by bright field, scanning, and transmission electron microscopy. Morphology of the PO form changed over time, with the six hooks commonly seen in the oncosphere stage disappearing in the PO forms, and vesicles and microtriches observed in the tegument. The PO forms grew as they aged, reaching a diameter of 2.5 mm at 60 days of culture. 15–30 day PO forms developed into mature cysticerci when inoculated into rats. Antigenic proteins expressed in the PO forms are also expressed by the oncosphere and cysticerci stages, with more cysticerci antigenic proteins expressed as the PO forms ages. Conclusions/Significance This is the first report of an in vitro production method of T. solium PO forms. The changes observed in protein expression may be useful in identifying new targets for vaccine development. In vitro culture of PO form will aid in understanding the host-parasite relationship, since the structural changes of the developing PO forms may reflect the parasite’s immunoprotective mechanisms. A wider application of this method could significantly reduce the use of animals, and thus the costs and time required for further experimental investigations. Author Summary Neurocysticercosis is caused by T. solium, which is a neglected disease. The postoncospheral (PO) form is an intermediate form between the oncosphere, which is the larva, and the fully developed cysticercus, which is a cyst with a scolex. The morphology, development, and protein and antigen expression of the PO form have not previously been characterized. Here, we report the novel in vitro cultivation of T. solium PO forms and characterize the morphology, development, and expression of antigenic proteins. This new method will allow for better study of this transitional form, which is very difficult to study in the intermediate host. With the increased availability of secreted proteins and antigens, in vitro cultivation will help improve diagnostic assays and provide new targets for vaccine development to block transmission.
Europe PubMed Centra... arrow_drop_down Europe PubMed CentralArticle . 2016Full-Text: http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC4749246Data sources: PubMed CentralPLoS Neglected Tropical DiseasesArticle . 2016 . Peer-reviewedLicense: CC BYData sources: CrossrefRepositorio Institucional Universidad Peruana Cayetano HerediaArticle . 2019 . 2016License: CC BY NC NDadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess RoutesGreen gold 10 citations 10 popularity Top 10% influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!more_vert Europe PubMed Centra... arrow_drop_down Europe PubMed CentralArticle . 2016Full-Text: http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC4749246Data sources: PubMed CentralPLoS Neglected Tropical DiseasesArticle . 2016 . Peer-reviewedLicense: CC BYData sources: CrossrefRepositorio Institucional Universidad Peruana Cayetano HerediaArticle . 2019 . 2016License: CC BY NC NDadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article , Other literature type 2016 Netherlands, Germany, United Kingdom Funded by:WT | Making better use of comp..., WT, EC | RODAMWT| Making better use of computerised clinical data for epidemiological research. ,WT ,EC| RODAMAgyemang, Charles; Meeks, Karlijn; Beune, Erik; Owusu-Dabo, Ellis; Mockenhaupt, Frank P.; Addo, Juliet; Aikins, Ama De Graft; Bahendeka, Silver; Danquah, Ina; Schulze, Matthias B.; Spranger, Joachim; Burr, Tom; Agyei-Baffour, Peter; Amoah, Stephen K.; Galbete, Cecilia; Henneman, Peter; Klipstein-Grobusch, Kerstin; Nicolaou, Mary; Adeyemo, Adebowale; Van Straalen, Jan; Smeeth, Liam; Stronks, Karien;Background Rising rates of obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D) are impending major threats to the health of African populations, but the extent to which they differ between rural and urban settings in Africa and upon migration to Europe is unknown. We assessed the burden of obesity and T2D among Ghanaians living in rural and urban Ghana and Ghanaian migrants living in different European countries. Methods A multi-centre cross-sectional study was conducted among Ghanaian adults (n = 5659) aged 25–70 years residing in rural and urban Ghana and three European cities (Amsterdam, London and Berlin). Comparisons between groups were made using prevalence ratios (PRs) with adjustments for age and education. Results In rural Ghana, the prevalence of obesity was 1.3 % in men and 8.3 % in women. The prevalence was considerably higher in urban Ghana (men, 6.9 %; PR: 5.26, 95 % CI, 2.04–13.57; women, 33.9 %; PR: 4.11, 3.13–5.40) and even more so in Europe, especially in London (men, 21.4 %; PR: 15.04, 5.98–37.84; women, 54.2 %; PR: 6.63, 5.04–8.72). The prevalence of T2D was low at 3.6 % and 5.5 % in rural Ghanaian men and women, and increased in urban Ghanaians (men, 10.3 %; PR: 3.06; 1.73–5.40; women, 9.2 %; PR: 1.81, 1.25–2.64) and highest in Berlin (men, 15.3 %; PR: 4.47; 2.50–7.98; women, 10.2 %; PR: 2.21, 1.30–3.75). Impaired fasting glycaemia prevalence was comparatively higher only in Amsterdam, and in London, men compared with rural Ghana. Conclusion Our study shows high risks of obesity and T2D among sub-Saharan African populations living in Europe. In Ghana, similarly high prevalence rates were seen in an urban environment, whereas in rural areas, the prevalence of obesity among women is already remarkable. Similar processes underlying the high burden of obesity and T2D following migration may also be at play in sub-Saharan Africa as a consequence of urbanisation. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12916-016-0709-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
NARCIS; Utrecht Univ... arrow_drop_down Europe PubMed CentralArticle . 2016Full-Text: http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC5075171Data sources: PubMed CentralCORE (RIOXX-UK Aggregator)Article . 2016License: CC BYFull-Text: https://researchonline.lshtm.ac.uk/id/eprint/3029305/1/art%253A10.1186%252Fs12916-016-0709-0.pdfData sources: CORE (RIOXX-UK Aggregator)Refubium - Repositorium der Freien Universität BerlinArticle . 2016License: CC BYData sources: Refubium - Repositorium der Freien Universität BerlinZENODO; BMC Medicine; OpenAPC Global InitiativeArticle . Conference object . 2016 . Peer-reviewedLicense: Springer TDMFachrepositorium LebenswissenschaftenArticle . 2016License: CC BYData sources: Fachrepositorium Lebenswissenschaftenadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess RoutesGreen gold 134 citations 134 popularity Top 1% influence Top 10% impulse Top 1% Powered by BIP!visibility 29visibility views 29 download downloads 136 Powered bymore_vert NARCIS; Utrecht Univ... arrow_drop_down Europe PubMed CentralArticle . 2016Full-Text: http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC5075171Data sources: PubMed CentralCORE (RIOXX-UK Aggregator)Article . 2016License: CC BYFull-Text: https://researchonline.lshtm.ac.uk/id/eprint/3029305/1/art%253A10.1186%252Fs12916-016-0709-0.pdfData sources: CORE (RIOXX-UK Aggregator)Refubium - Repositorium der Freien Universität BerlinArticle . 2016License: CC BYData sources: Refubium - Repositorium der Freien Universität BerlinZENODO; BMC Medicine; OpenAPC Global InitiativeArticle . Conference object . 2016 . Peer-reviewedLicense: Springer TDMFachrepositorium LebenswissenschaftenArticle . 2016License: CC BYData sources: Fachrepositorium Lebenswissenschaftenadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2013 United KingdomPublisher:Elsevier BV Funded by:WTWTNickbakhsh, Sema; Matthews, Louise; Dent, Jennifer E.; Innocent, Giles T.; Arnold, Mark E.; Reid, Stuart W.J.; Kao, Rowland R.;pmc: PMC3694308
pmid: 23746799
The importance of considering coupled interactions across multiple population scales has not previously been studied for highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) in the British commercial poultry industry. By simulating the within-flock transmission of HPAI using a deterministic S-E-I-R model, and by incorporating an additional environmental class representing infectious faeces, we tracked the build-up of infectious faeces within a poultry house over time. A measure of the transmission risk (TR) was computed for each farm by linking the amount of infectious faeces present each day of an outbreak with data describing the daily on-farm visit schedules for a major British catching company. Larger flocks tended to have greater levels of these catching-team visits. However, where density-dependent contact was assumed, faster outbreak detection (according to an assumed mortality threshold) led to a decreased opportunity for catching-team visits to coincide with an outbreak. For this reason, maximum TR-levels were found for mid-range flock sizes (~25,000–35,000 birds). When assessing all factors simultaneously using multivariable linear regression on the simulated outputs, those related to the pattern of catching-team visits had the largest effect on TR, with the most important movement-related factor depending on the mode of transmission. Using social network analysis on a further database to inform a measure of between-farm connectivity, we identified a large fraction of farms (28%) that had both a high TR and a high potential impact at the between farm level. Our results have counter-intuitive implications for between-farm spread that could not be predicted based on flock size alone, and together with further knowledge of the relative importance of transmission risk and impact, could have implications for improved targeting of control measures. Highlights • Cross-scale dynamics were investigated for avian influenza in British poultry. • Transmission risk is dependent on the assumed within-flock transmission mode. • Transmission risk may not scale with transmissibility or flock size. • Transmission risk corresponds with between-farm impact for 28% of farms. • These results have implications for targeted disease control at the farm-level.
Europe PubMed Centra... arrow_drop_down Europe PubMed CentralArticle . 2013Full-Text: http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3694308Data sources: PubMed Centraladd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1016/j.epidem.2013.03.001&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess RoutesGreen gold 21 citations 21 popularity Top 10% influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!more_vert Europe PubMed Centra... arrow_drop_down Europe PubMed CentralArticle . 2013Full-Text: http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3694308Data sources: PubMed Centraladd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1016/j.epidem.2013.03.001&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article , Other literature type 2013 SwitzerlandPublisher:Public Library of Science (PLoS) Funded by:WTWTBecker, Doreen; Luther, Henning; Hofer, Andreas; Leeb, Tosso; Wimmers, Klaus;The improvement of meat quality and production traits has high priority in the pork industry. Many of these traits show a low to moderate heritability and are difficult and expensive to measure. Their improvement by targeted breeding programs is challenging and requires knowledge of the genetic and molecular background. For this study we genotyped 192 artificial insemination boars of a commercial line derived from the Swiss Large White breed using the PorcineSNP60 BeadChip with 62,163 evenly spaced SNPs across the pig genome. We obtained 26 estimated breeding values (EBVs) for various traits including exterior, meat quality, reproduction, and production. The subsequent genome-wide association analysis allowed us to identify four QTL with suggestive significance for three of these traits (p-values ranging from 4.99×10−6 to 2.73×10−5). Single QTL for the EBVs pH one hour post mortem (pH1) and carcass length were on pig chromosome (SSC) 14 and SSC 2, respectively. Two QTL for the EBV rear view hind legs were on SSC 10 and SSC 16.
Europe PubMed Centra... arrow_drop_down Europe PubMed CentralArticle . 2013Full-Text: http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3564845Data sources: PubMed CentralBern Open Repository and Information System (BORIS)Article . 2013 . Peer-reviewedData sources: Bern Open Repository and Information System (BORIS)Fachrepositorium LebenswissenschaftenArticle . 2013Data sources: Fachrepositorium LebenswissenschaftenBern Open Repository and Information System (BORIS)Article . 2013 . Peer-reviewedData sources: Bern Open Repository and Information System (BORIS)add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1371/journal.pone.0055951&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess RoutesGreen gold 35 citations 35 popularity Top 10% influence Top 10% impulse Top 10% Powered by BIP!more_vert Europe PubMed Centra... arrow_drop_down Europe PubMed CentralArticle . 2013Full-Text: http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3564845Data sources: PubMed CentralBern Open Repository and Information System (BORIS)Article . 2013 . Peer-reviewedData sources: Bern Open Repository and Information System (BORIS)Fachrepositorium LebenswissenschaftenArticle . 2013Data sources: Fachrepositorium LebenswissenschaftenBern Open Repository and Information System (BORIS)Article . 2013 . Peer-reviewedData sources: Bern Open Repository and Information System (BORIS)add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1371/journal.pone.0055951&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2020 Argentina, Belgium, United KingdomPublisher:Springer Science and Business Media LLC Funded by:WTWTStefanos Georganos; Oscar Brousse; Sébastien Dujardin; Catherine Linard; Daniel C Casey; Marco Milliones; Benoit Parmentier; Nicole Van Lipzig; Matthias Demuzere; Taïs Grippa; Sabine Vanhuysse; Nicholus Mboga; Verónica Andreo; Robert W. Snow; Moritz Lennert;BACKGROUND: The rapid and often uncontrolled rural-urban migration in Sub-Saharan Africa is transforming urban landscapes expected to provide shelter for more than 50% of Africa's population by 2030. Consequently, the burden of malaria is increasingly affecting the urban population, while socio-economic inequalities within the urban settings are intensified. Few studies, relying mostly on moderate to high resolution datasets and standard predictive variables such as building and vegetation density, have tackled the topic of modeling intra-urban malaria at the city extent. In this research, we investigate the contribution of very-high-resolution satellite-derived land-use, land-cover and population information for modeling the spatial distribution of urban malaria prevalence across large spatial extents. As case studies, we apply our methods to two Sub-Saharan African cities, Kampala and Dar es Salaam. METHODS: Openly accessible land-cover, land-use, population and OpenStreetMap data were employed to spatially model Plasmodium falciparum parasite rate standardized to the age group 2-10 years (PfPR2-10) in the two cities through the use of a Random Forest (RF) regressor. The RF models integrated physical and socio-economic information to predict PfPR2-10 across the urban landscape. Intra-urban population distribution maps were used to adjust the estimates according to the underlying population. RESULTS: The results suggest that the spatial distribution of PfPR2-10 in both cities is diverse and highly variable across the urban fabric. Dense informal settlements exhibit a positive relationship with PfPR2-10 and hotspots of malaria prevalence were found near suitable vector breeding sites such as wetlands, marshes and riparian vegetation. In both cities, there is a clear separation of higher risk in informal settlements and lower risk in the more affluent neighborhoods. Additionally, areas associated with urban agriculture exhibit higher malaria prevalence values. CONCLUSIONS: The outcome of this research highlights that populations living in informal settlements show higher malaria prevalence compared to those in planned residential neighborhoods. This is due to (i) increased human exposure to vectors, (ii) increased vector density and (iii) a reduced capacity to cope with malaria burden. Since informal settlements are rapidly expanding every year and often house large parts of the urban population, this emphasizes the need for systematic and consistent malaria surveys in such areas. Finally, this study demonstrates the importance of remote sensing as an epidemiological tool for mapping urban malaria variations at large spatial extents, and for promoting evidence-based policy making and control efforts. ispartof: INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEALTH GEOGRAPHICS vol:19 issue:1 ispartof: location:England status: published
International Journa... arrow_drop_down International Journal of Health GeographicsArticle . 2020Full-Text: http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC7504835Data sources: PubMed CentralGhent University Academic BibliographyArticle . 2020Data sources: Ghent University Academic BibliographyOxford University Research Archive; International Journal of Health Geographics; Ghent University Academic BibliographyArticle . 2020 . Peer-reviewedLicense: CC BYRepository of the University of NamurArticle . 2020Data sources: Repository of the University of Namuradd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1186/s12942-020-00232-2&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess RoutesGreen gold more_vert International Journa... arrow_drop_down International Journal of Health GeographicsArticle . 2020Full-Text: http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC7504835Data sources: PubMed CentralGhent University Academic BibliographyArticle . 2020Data sources: Ghent University Academic BibliographyOxford University Research Archive; International Journal of Health Geographics; Ghent University Academic BibliographyArticle . 2020 . Peer-reviewedLicense: CC BYRepository of the University of NamurArticle . 2020Data sources: Repository of the University of Namuradd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1186/s12942-020-00232-2&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2017Publisher:The Royal Society Funded by:WT, NSF | Demographic and behaviora..., NSF | Consequences of Anthropog... +2 projectsWT ,NSF| Demographic and behavioral responses to resource shifts and the transmission of rabies in vampire bats ,NSF| Consequences of Anthropogenic Resources for the Cross-Scale Dynamics of an Enteric Pathogen in an Avian Host ,NSF| RCN: Refining and diversifying ecological immunology ,WT| Managing viral emergence at the interface of bats and livestockDaniel J. Becker; Matthew M. Chumchal; Alexandra B. Bentz; Steven G. Platt; Gábor Á. Czirják; Thomas R. Rainwater; Sonia Altizer; Daniel G. Streicker;Mercury (Hg) is a pervasive heavy metal that often enters the environment from anthropogenic sources such as gold mining and agriculture. Chronic exposure to Hg can impair immune function, reducing the ability of animals to resist or recover from infections. How Hg influences immunity and susceptibility remains unknown for bats, which appear immunologically distinct from other mammals and are reservoir hosts of many pathogens of importance to human and animal health. We here quantify total Hg (THg) in hair collected from common vampire bats ( Desmodus rotundus ), which feed on blood and are the main reservoir hosts of rabies virus in Latin America. We examine how diet, sampling site and year, and bat demography influence THg and test the consequences of this variation for eight immune measures. In two populations from Belize, THg concentrations in bats were best explained by an interaction between long-term diet inferred from stable isotopes and year. Bats that foraged more consistently on domestic animals exhibited higher THg. However, relationships between diet and THg were evident only in 2015 but not in 2014, which could reflect recent environmental perturbations associated with agriculture. THg concentrations were low relative to values previously observed in other bat species but still correlated with bat immunity. Bats with higher THg had more neutrophils, weaker bacterial killing ability and impaired innate immunity. These patterns suggest that temporal variation in Hg exposure may impair bat innate immunity and increase susceptibility to pathogens such as bacteria. Unexpected associations between low-level Hg exposure and immune function underscore the need to better understand the environmental sources of Hg exposure in bats and the consequences for bat immunity and susceptibility.
Europe PubMed Centra... arrow_drop_down Europe PubMed CentralArticle . 2017Full-Text: http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC5414270Data sources: PubMed CentralFachrepositorium LebenswissenschaftenArticle . 2017Data sources: Fachrepositorium LebenswissenschaftenRoyal Society Open ScienceArticle . 2017 . Peer-reviewedLicense: Royal Society Data Sharing and AccessibilityData sources: Crossrefadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1098/rsos.170073&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess RoutesGreen gold more_vert Europe PubMed Centra... arrow_drop_down Europe PubMed CentralArticle . 2017Full-Text: http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC5414270Data sources: PubMed CentralFachrepositorium LebenswissenschaftenArticle . 2017Data sources: Fachrepositorium LebenswissenschaftenRoyal Society Open ScienceArticle . 2017 . Peer-reviewedLicense: Royal Society Data Sharing and AccessibilityData sources: Crossrefadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1098/rsos.170073&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2014 IrelandPublisher:Elsevier BV Funded by:WTWTFinnegan, J.; Regan, J.T.; Fenton, O.; Lanigan, G.J.; Brennan, R.B.; Healy, M.G.;pmid: 24814547
This work was funded by the Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food and the Environmental Protection Agency under the STRIVE program 2007 – 2013. peer-reviewed Management changes such as drainage, fertilisation, afforestation and harvesting (clearfelling) of forested peatlands influence watertable (WT) position and groundwater concentrations of nutrients. This study investigated the impact of clearfelling of a peatland forest on WT and nutrient concentrations. Three areas were examined: (1) a regenerated riparian peatland buffer (RB) clearfelled four years prior to the present study (2) a recently clearfelled coniferous forest (CF) and (3) a standing, mature coniferous forest (SF), on which no harvesting took place. The WT remained consistently below 0.3 m during the pre-clearfelling period. Results showed there was an almost immediate rise in the WT after clearfelling and a rise to 0.15 m below ground level (bgl) within 10 months of clearfelling. Clearfelling of the forest increased dissolved reactive phosphorus concentrations (from an average of 28–230 μg L−1) in the shallow groundwater, likely caused by leaching from degrading brash mats. Environmental Protection Agency Department of Agriculture, Food and the Marine
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess Routeshybrid 8 citations 8 popularity Average influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!more_vert Access to Research a... arrow_drop_down add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Preprint , Article 2014 FrancePublisher:Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Funded by:NSF | Gene Discovery for Maize ..., WT, NSF | Biology of Rare Alleles i... +1 projectsNSF| Gene Discovery for Maize Responses to Nitrogen ,WT ,NSF| Biology of Rare Alleles in Maize and Its Wild Relatives ,NSF| Genetic Architecture of Maize and TeosinteWallace, Jason G; Bradbury, Peter; Zhang, Nengyi; Gibon, Yves; Stitt, Mark; Buckler, Edward;Phenotypic variation in natural populations results from a combination of genetic effects, environmental effects, and gene-by-environment interactions. Despite the vast amount of genomic data becoming available, many pressing questions remain about the nature of genetic mutations that underlie functional variation. We present the results of combining genome-wide association analysis of 41 different phenotypes in ∼5,000 inbred maize lines to analyze patterns of high-resolution genetic association among of 28.9 million single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and ∼800,000 copy-number variants (CNVs). We show that genic and intergenic regions have opposite patterns of enrichment, minor allele frequencies, and effect sizes, implying tradeoffs among the probability that a given polymorphism will have an effect, the detectable size of that effect, and its frequency in the population. We also find that genes tagged by GWAS are enriched for regulatory functions and are ∼50% more likely to have a paralog than expected by chance, indicating that gene regulation and gene duplication are strong drivers of phenotypic variation. These results will likely apply to many other organisms, especially ones with large and complex genomes like maize. Author Summary We performed genome-wide association mapping analysis in maize for 41 different phenotypes in order to identify which types of variants are more likely to be important for controlling traits. We took advantage of a large mapping population (roughly 5000 recombinant inbred lines) and nearly 30 million segregating variants to identify ∼4800 variants that were significantly associated with at least one phenotype. While these variants are enriched in genes, most of them occur outside of genes, often in regions where regulatory elements likely lie. We also found a significant enrichment for paralogous (duplicated) genes, implying that functional divergence after gene duplication plays an important role in trait variation. Overall these analyses provide important insight into the unifying patterns of variation in traits across maize, and the results will likely also apply to other organisms with similarly large, complex genomes.
bioRxiv arrow_drop_down bioRxivPreprint . 2014Europe PubMed CentralArticle . 2014Full-Text: http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC4256217Data sources: PubMed Centraladd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess RoutesGreen gold 164 citations 164 popularity Top 1% influence Top 10% impulse Top 1% Powered by BIP!visibility 13visibility views 13 Powered bymore_vert bioRxiv arrow_drop_down bioRxivPreprint . 2014Europe PubMed CentralArticle . 2014Full-Text: http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC4256217Data sources: PubMed Centraladd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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