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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Neyva Ribeiro Ferraz; Rafael Vieira Azevedo; Wanessa Queiroz Camboim; Marcelo Cordeiro Pereira; +1 Authors

    Avaliou-se a inclusão de diferentes fontes e níveis de vitamina C no crescimento, sobrevivência, retenção de proteína e sanidade de Litopenaeus vannamei com peso inicial de 5,90 ± 0,57 g. Quinhentos e quarenta exemplares foram distribuídos em 27 gaiolas em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, esquema fatorial 4x2 (quatro fontes e dois níveis), além do tratamento controle, isento de vitamina C (n=3). As fontes utilizadas foram ácido ascórbico cristal, ácido ascórbico revestido, ácido ascórbico monofosfato e ácido ascórbico PEG (polietileno glicol) com dois níveis: 180 e 260 mg kg-1. Não foi observada influência (P>0,05) da fonte, nível de vitamina C nem interação desses fatores sobre o crescimento, sobrevivência, retenção de proteína e parâmetros de sanidade dos camarões. Observou-se a presença de necrose no abdômen de todos os animais. A utilização de vitamina C nas fontes e níveis avaliados para o camarão Litopenaeus vannamei com peso acima de 5 g não revela melhorias no crescimento, sobrevivência, retenção de proteína e sanidade dos camarões. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Ácido ascórbico; carcinicultura; exigência nutricional; sanidade.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Ciência Animal Brasi...arrow_drop_down
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    Ciência Animal Brasileira
    Article . 2012 . Peer-reviewed
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    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
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    Article . 2012
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    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Ciência Animal Brasileira
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    Ciência Animal Brasileira
    Article . 2012
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Ciência Animal Brasi...arrow_drop_down
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      Ciência Animal Brasileira
      Article . 2012 . Peer-reviewed
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      DOAJ
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      Ciência Animal Brasileira
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      Ciência Animal Brasileira
      Article . 2012
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: ALDAIR DE SOUZA MEDEIROS; ANTÔNIO ADOLFO SILVA SOARES; STOÉCIO MALTA FERREIRA MAIA;

    ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the conversion of secondary native vegetation (NV) to conventional systems (agriculture and pasture) in soil organic carbon (SOC) and carbon of fractions particulate organic matter (POM) and mineral-associated organic matter (MAOM) in the Brazilian semi-arid region. The study was carried out in the municipalities of Delmiro Gouveia, Inhapi and Pariconha, in Alagoas, Brazil. Soils were collected in the layers of 0-0.1, 0.1-0.2 and 0.2-0.3 m. The treatments analyzed were: agricultural crops with 4, 15 and 30 years and pasture with 10 years. As a reference, the secondary Caatinga was used. The results show that in soils with sandy texture (Neossolos Quartzarênico and Regolítico – Arenosols and Regosols, respectively), there were reductions in SOC levels and carbon in the compartment associated with minerals. The inverse can be observed in the clay-textured Argissolo (Acrisols), with 30 years of cultivation, in which there was an increase in SOC and C in the quantitative fractions of soil organic matter. In addition, despite the sandy texture of the Neossolo Regolítico, POM levels were increased in the pasture system in comparison to native vegetation, but it was not enough to recover the original SOC content of this system. RESUMO O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito da conversão da vegetação nativa secundária (VN) em sistemas convencionais (agricultura e pastagem) no carbono orgânico total (COS) e carbono das frações da matéria orgânica particulada (MOP) e, matéria orgânica associada aos minerais (MOAM) no semiárido brasileiro. O estudo foi realizado nos municípios de Delmiro Gouveia, Inhapi e Pariconha, em Alagoas. Os solos foram coletados nas camadas de 0-0.1, 0.1-0.2 e 0.2-0.3 m. Os tratamentos analisados foram: cultivos agrícolas com 4, 15 e 30 anos e, pastagem com 10 anos. Como referência utilizou-se a Caatinga secundária. Os resultados mostram que em solos com textura mais arenosa (Neossolos Quartzarênico e Regolítico – Arenosols e Regosols, respectivamente) há reduções nos níveis de COS e carbono no compartimento associada aos minerais. O inverso pode ser observado no Argissolo (Acrisols), de textura argilosa com 30 anos de cultivo, o qual ocorreu um aumento no COS e C nas frações quantitativas da matéria orgânica do solo. Além disso, apesar da textura arenosa do Neossolo Regolítico, os níveis de MOP foram aumentados no sistema de pasto em relação à vegetação nativa, todavia não o suficiente para recuperar o conteúdo original de COS desse sistema.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Scientific Electroni...arrow_drop_down
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    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Revista Caatinga
    Article . 2022 . Peer-reviewed
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      Revista Caatinga
      Article . 2022 . Peer-reviewed
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  • Authors: Roberto B. Hausen; Leonardo Nabaes Romano; José Fernando Schlosser; Mario Eduardo Santos Martins; +1 Authors
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  • image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Authors: Fawzia Abujalala; Asma Elmangoush; Majdi Ashibani;

    The Internet of Things (IoT) concept is considered as an added-value to various application domains. Supply chain and cargo tracking are a few to name. However, the security of the IoT transactions and integrated devices remains one of the key challenges to the IoT application’s success. Recently, Blockchain technology and its consensus protocols were promoted as a solution to many information security problems. This paper discusses the advantages of integrating Blockchain technology into IoT platform to improve security since it provides a distributed transaction ledger that cannot be tampered with or controlled by a single entity. The objective of this paper is twofold, first providing an overview of existing literature on the topic of integrating Blockchain and IoT platforms in a connection-less environment; Second, presenting the proposed traceable cargo system based on Blockchain and IoT.

    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao https://doi.org/10.1...arrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    https://doi.org/10.1109/mi-sta...
    Conference object . 2021 . Peer-reviewed
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao https://doi.org/10.1...arrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      https://doi.org/10.1109/mi-sta...
      Conference object . 2021 . Peer-reviewed
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  • Authors: Joao Arthur Pompeu Pavanelli; Bruna Virginia Neves; Vanessa Priscila Camphora; Thales Sehn Körting;

    To investigate the urban phenomenon in the Amazon is necessary to observe the cities and communities. Identifying these population nuclei can provide information about where the population is concentrated and how it relates to the space and environment, therefore, how Amazonian urban is structured. This study identified spatial units of human occupation along the Trans-Amazonian Highway (BR-230) by applying remote sensing image processing techniques. The study site is located in Para state, Brazil, in the municipalities of Altamira, Brasil Novo, Medicilândia and Uruara, inside a 15 km buffered from the Highway. Four Landsat-5 Thematic Mapper orthorrectfied scenes from 2011 were processed using software SPRING. The processing steps consisted in mosaicking the scenes, the application of dilation filter, segmentation and maximum likelihood classification. The validation was based on manual classification of middle resolution RapidEye images (5 metres) and ancillary data from Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE). Twenty three spatial units of human occupation were mapped and the validation showed a Kappa coefficient of 0.6785. The application of dilation filter during the processing was able to identify spatial units of human occupation in the study site, although some misclassified pixels occurred mainly in small patches.

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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Maira Elisa Ferreira Tavares;

    A vegetação do Cerrado é composta por três formações: campestre, savânica e florestal. Resíduos lenhosos naturalmente são produzidos por florestas, seja pela queda de galhos, ramos ou mesmo árvores inteiras. As queimadas no cerrado são consideradas queimadas de superfície, consumindo basicamente os estratos herbáceos, com diâmetro inferior ou igual a 6mm. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo identificar, descrever e analisar literaturas sobre metodologias usadas na quantificação do material combustível. Os métodos para quantificação de material combustível podem ser não destrutivos e destrutivos. O sucesso do método vai depender da abundância dos combustíveis.

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    Article . 2017 . Peer-reviewed
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      Article . 2017 . Peer-reviewed
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Mendes,Rafael Farinassi; Mendes,Lourival Marin; Mendonça,Lilian Lima; Guimarães Júnior,José Benedito; +1 Authors

    O trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o potencial de clones de Eucalyptus urophylla para produção de painéis aglomerados homogêneos de baixa densidade. Foram avaliados seis clones de Eucalyptus urophylla com 94 meses de idade, plantados no municipio de Paracatu-MG, sendo utilizada como parâmetro de comparação a madeira de Pinus oocarpa. Para cada clone de Eucalyptus urophylla e também para o Pinus oocarpa foram produzidos seis painéis com o adesivo uréia-formaldeido no teor de 6%, densidade nominal de 0,60 g/cm³, pressão especifica de 40kgf/cm², temperatura de 160ºC e tempo de 8 minutos. Os clones de Eucalyptus urophylla apresentaram potencial para produção de painéis aglomerados convencionais de baixa densidade. Os clones 62 e 28 obtiveram os melhores resultados em todas as propriedades fisico-mecânicas avaliadas, apresentando propriedades iguais ou superiores as obtidas para os painéis produzidos com a madeira de Pinus oocarpa. Com relação à norma de comercialização CS 236/1966 apenas o clone 28 atendeu a todos os requisitos. Nenhum dos clones avaliados atendeu a norma EN 312/2003.

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    Article . 2014 . Peer-reviewed
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      Article . 2014 . Peer-reviewed
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    Authors: Luiz Fernando Pereira, Bispo; Adriana Maria, Nolasco; Elias Costa de, Souza; Debora, Klingenberg; +1 Authors

    Abstract Urban forestry generates a huge amount of waste worldwide, resulting from the processes of pruning and suppression. Disposal in landfills reduces the useful life of these facilities and forgoes the possibility of generating income from the waste. This study investigated the manufacture of toys as a strategy to valorize urban forestry waste. For this, physical-mechanical, chemical (extractive), color and shape characterizations were performed for three species of urban trees commonly planted in Brazil, a region of Neotropical forests. Toy prototypes were developed and manufactured from wood waste. Regarding color, all studied species showed high value of the variable b*, which refers to the blue-yellow axis. Handroanthus heptaphyllus wood had the highest values of basic density (0.706 g.cm−3) and Janka hardness (1142, 1027 and 1669 kgf.cm−2 for radial, tangential and transverse directions, respectively), and had the lowest volumetric shrinkage (11.38%). The lowest content of total extractives was measured in Handroanthus heptaphyllus, 6.33%, and the greatest content was found in Spathodea campanulata, 7.01%. The average value suggested for the toy prototypes varied between $ 3.70 and $ 13.58. The urban pruning wastes of the species studied have physical, chemical and mechanical attributes suitable for the manufacture of toys. This use has strong potential for environmental, economic and social sustainability and the toys are pedagogically accepted by adults and children.

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    Authors: Rômulo B. Rodrigues; Micheli Z. Hassemer; Iury W. A. Melo; Dacley H. Neu; +2 Authors

    Valine belongs to the group of branched-chain amino acids, has an important structural role and is primarily deposited as body protein. The present study evaluated the effects of valine in diets of juvenile Nile tilapia. A total of 216 juveniles with weight of 21.40 ± 0.42 g and length of 10.07 ± 1.00 cm were distributed into 18 aquarium in a completely randomized design with six treatments and three replicates. Six diets containing 24.30% digestible protein, 3,100 kcal/kg digestible energy, and increasing valine levels (0.54; 0.63; 0.72; 0.81; 0.90; 0.99%) were prepared. The following factors were evaluated: performance, chemical composition, blood hematological and biochemical, and skeletal muscle development. Differences were observed in productive performance between treatments for weight gain, daily weight gain and apparent feed conversion, where inclusion levels from 0.81% to 0.99% provide better performances. According to the equation of quadratic regression, the inclusion of 0.86% of valine provided greater weight gain. Regarding the hematological and biochemical parameters, there were differences among the treatments for hemoglobin, triglycerides, and cholesterol. Not difference was observed for the chemical composition and muscle fiber growth. It is recommended the inclusion of 0.86% of valine in the diet of juveniles of Nile tilapia because it provides greater weight gain.

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    DOAJ
    Article . 2019
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    Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research
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    Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research
    Article . 2019 . Peer-reviewed
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      Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research
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      Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research
      Article . 2019 . Peer-reviewed
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    Authors: Plinio L. Kroth; Clesio Gianello; Leandro Bortolon; Jairo André Schlindwein; +1 Authors

    <p>The ion exchange resin method has received considerable attention as an alternative soil test method to evaluate plant available nutrients. This study sought to investigate the effect of changes to the resin standard method in the capacity of the resin to extract soil P, K, Ca, and Mg in soils with different texture. We tested the following modifications: soil grinding levels (&lt; 2 mm; &lt; 0.3 mm), shaking time (8 h; 16 h; 24 h), reciprocation level (12.5 rpm; 25 rpm; 50 rpm), solution and elution saturation concentration (0.25/0.25 mol L<sup>-1</sup>; 0.5/0.5 mol L<sup>-1</sup>; 1.0/1.0 mol L<sup>-1</sup>), soil:solution ratio (1:5 v:v; 1:10 v:v; 1:16 v:v; 1:25 v:v), room temperature (10 <sup>o</sup>C, 15 <sup>o</sup>C, 25 <sup>o</sup>C, 40 <sup>o</sup>C), and resin amount (1 n; 2 n). When one factor was changed all the others were kept the same as the standard procedure. We selected the five most representative soil orders used for crop production in Southern Brazil which have a wide range of clay, organic matter, Mehlich-1 extractable P and K, and KCl exchangeable Ca, and Mg contents. Results showed that modifications on the standard extraction procedure affected the amounts of soil P, K, Ca, and Mg extracted. Temperature was the main factor affecting the amount of P extracted from the soil with ion exchange membrane resin. Our results can be useful to other regions that might be interested in adopting the resin soil test method, allowing others to identify the impacts of similar method modifications on soil nutrient availability according to soil type, soil management, and temperature conditions.</p>

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    Journal of Agricultural Science
    Article . 2016 . Peer-reviewed
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      Journal of Agricultural Science
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    Authors: Neyva Ribeiro Ferraz; Rafael Vieira Azevedo; Wanessa Queiroz Camboim; Marcelo Cordeiro Pereira; +1 Authors

    Avaliou-se a inclusão de diferentes fontes e níveis de vitamina C no crescimento, sobrevivência, retenção de proteína e sanidade de Litopenaeus vannamei com peso inicial de 5,90 ± 0,57 g. Quinhentos e quarenta exemplares foram distribuídos em 27 gaiolas em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, esquema fatorial 4x2 (quatro fontes e dois níveis), além do tratamento controle, isento de vitamina C (n=3). As fontes utilizadas foram ácido ascórbico cristal, ácido ascórbico revestido, ácido ascórbico monofosfato e ácido ascórbico PEG (polietileno glicol) com dois níveis: 180 e 260 mg kg-1. Não foi observada influência (P>0,05) da fonte, nível de vitamina C nem interação desses fatores sobre o crescimento, sobrevivência, retenção de proteína e parâmetros de sanidade dos camarões. Observou-se a presença de necrose no abdômen de todos os animais. A utilização de vitamina C nas fontes e níveis avaliados para o camarão Litopenaeus vannamei com peso acima de 5 g não revela melhorias no crescimento, sobrevivência, retenção de proteína e sanidade dos camarões. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Ácido ascórbico; carcinicultura; exigência nutricional; sanidade.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Ciência Animal Brasi...arrow_drop_down
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    Ciência Animal Brasileira
    Article . 2012 . Peer-reviewed
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    Ciência Animal Brasileira
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    Ciência Animal Brasileira
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Ciência Animal Brasi...arrow_drop_down
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      Ciência Animal Brasileira
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      Ciência Animal Brasileira
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      Ciência Animal Brasileira
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    Authors: ALDAIR DE SOUZA MEDEIROS; ANTÔNIO ADOLFO SILVA SOARES; STOÉCIO MALTA FERREIRA MAIA;

    ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the conversion of secondary native vegetation (NV) to conventional systems (agriculture and pasture) in soil organic carbon (SOC) and carbon of fractions particulate organic matter (POM) and mineral-associated organic matter (MAOM) in the Brazilian semi-arid region. The study was carried out in the municipalities of Delmiro Gouveia, Inhapi and Pariconha, in Alagoas, Brazil. Soils were collected in the layers of 0-0.1, 0.1-0.2 and 0.2-0.3 m. The treatments analyzed were: agricultural crops with 4, 15 and 30 years and pasture with 10 years. As a reference, the secondary Caatinga was used. The results show that in soils with sandy texture (Neossolos Quartzarênico and Regolítico – Arenosols and Regosols, respectively), there were reductions in SOC levels and carbon in the compartment associated with minerals. The inverse can be observed in the clay-textured Argissolo (Acrisols), with 30 years of cultivation, in which there was an increase in SOC and C in the quantitative fractions of soil organic matter. In addition, despite the sandy texture of the Neossolo Regolítico, POM levels were increased in the pasture system in comparison to native vegetation, but it was not enough to recover the original SOC content of this system. RESUMO O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito da conversão da vegetação nativa secundária (VN) em sistemas convencionais (agricultura e pastagem) no carbono orgânico total (COS) e carbono das frações da matéria orgânica particulada (MOP) e, matéria orgânica associada aos minerais (MOAM) no semiárido brasileiro. O estudo foi realizado nos municípios de Delmiro Gouveia, Inhapi e Pariconha, em Alagoas. Os solos foram coletados nas camadas de 0-0.1, 0.1-0.2 e 0.2-0.3 m. Os tratamentos analisados foram: cultivos agrícolas com 4, 15 e 30 anos e, pastagem com 10 anos. Como referência utilizou-se a Caatinga secundária. Os resultados mostram que em solos com textura mais arenosa (Neossolos Quartzarênico e Regolítico – Arenosols e Regosols, respectivamente) há reduções nos níveis de COS e carbono no compartimento associada aos minerais. O inverso pode ser observado no Argissolo (Acrisols), de textura argilosa com 30 anos de cultivo, o qual ocorreu um aumento no COS e C nas frações quantitativas da matéria orgânica do solo. Além disso, apesar da textura arenosa do Neossolo Regolítico, os níveis de MOP foram aumentados no sistema de pasto em relação à vegetação nativa, todavia não o suficiente para recuperar o conteúdo original de COS desse sistema.

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    Revista Caatinga
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      Revista Caatinga
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  • Authors: Roberto B. Hausen; Leonardo Nabaes Romano; José Fernando Schlosser; Mario Eduardo Santos Martins; +1 Authors
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    Authors: Fawzia Abujalala; Asma Elmangoush; Majdi Ashibani;

    The Internet of Things (IoT) concept is considered as an added-value to various application domains. Supply chain and cargo tracking are a few to name. However, the security of the IoT transactions and integrated devices remains one of the key challenges to the IoT application’s success. Recently, Blockchain technology and its consensus protocols were promoted as a solution to many information security problems. This paper discusses the advantages of integrating Blockchain technology into IoT platform to improve security since it provides a distributed transaction ledger that cannot be tampered with or controlled by a single entity. The objective of this paper is twofold, first providing an overview of existing literature on the topic of integrating Blockchain and IoT platforms in a connection-less environment; Second, presenting the proposed traceable cargo system based on Blockchain and IoT.

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    https://doi.org/10.1109/mi-sta...
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  • Authors: Joao Arthur Pompeu Pavanelli; Bruna Virginia Neves; Vanessa Priscila Camphora; Thales Sehn Körting;

    To investigate the urban phenomenon in the Amazon is necessary to observe the cities and communities. Identifying these population nuclei can provide information about where the population is concentrated and how it relates to the space and environment, therefore, how Amazonian urban is structured. This study identified spatial units of human occupation along the Trans-Amazonian Highway (BR-230) by applying remote sensing image processing techniques. The study site is located in Para state, Brazil, in the municipalities of Altamira, Brasil Novo, Medicilândia and Uruara, inside a 15 km buffered from the Highway. Four Landsat-5 Thematic Mapper orthorrectfied scenes from 2011 were processed using software SPRING. The processing steps consisted in mosaicking the scenes, the application of dilation filter, segmentation and maximum likelihood classification. The validation was based on manual classification of middle resolution RapidEye images (5 metres) and ancillary data from Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE). Twenty three spatial units of human occupation were mapped and the validation showed a Kappa coefficient of 0.6785. The application of dilation filter during the processing was able to identify spatial units of human occupation in the study site, although some misclassified pixels occurred mainly in small patches.

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    Authors: Maira Elisa Ferreira Tavares;

    A vegetação do Cerrado é composta por três formações: campestre, savânica e florestal. Resíduos lenhosos naturalmente são produzidos por florestas, seja pela queda de galhos, ramos ou mesmo árvores inteiras. As queimadas no cerrado são consideradas queimadas de superfície, consumindo basicamente os estratos herbáceos, com diâmetro inferior ou igual a 6mm. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo identificar, descrever e analisar literaturas sobre metodologias usadas na quantificação do material combustível. Os métodos para quantificação de material combustível podem ser não destrutivos e destrutivos. O sucesso do método vai depender da abundância dos combustíveis.

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    Authors: Mendes,Rafael Farinassi; Mendes,Lourival Marin; Mendonça,Lilian Lima; Guimarães Júnior,José Benedito; +1 Authors

    O trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o potencial de clones de Eucalyptus urophylla para produção de painéis aglomerados homogêneos de baixa densidade. Foram avaliados seis clones de Eucalyptus urophylla com 94 meses de idade, plantados no municipio de Paracatu-MG, sendo utilizada como parâmetro de comparação a madeira de Pinus oocarpa. Para cada clone de Eucalyptus urophylla e também para o Pinus oocarpa foram produzidos seis painéis com o adesivo uréia-formaldeido no teor de 6%, densidade nominal de 0,60 g/cm³, pressão especifica de 40kgf/cm², temperatura de 160ºC e tempo de 8 minutos. Os clones de Eucalyptus urophylla apresentaram potencial para produção de painéis aglomerados convencionais de baixa densidade. Os clones 62 e 28 obtiveram os melhores resultados em todas as propriedades fisico-mecânicas avaliadas, apresentando propriedades iguais ou superiores as obtidas para os painéis produzidos com a madeira de Pinus oocarpa. Com relação à norma de comercialização CS 236/1966 apenas o clone 28 atendeu a todos os requisitos. Nenhum dos clones avaliados atendeu a norma EN 312/2003.

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    Authors: Luiz Fernando Pereira, Bispo; Adriana Maria, Nolasco; Elias Costa de, Souza; Debora, Klingenberg; +1 Authors

    Abstract Urban forestry generates a huge amount of waste worldwide, resulting from the processes of pruning and suppression. Disposal in landfills reduces the useful life of these facilities and forgoes the possibility of generating income from the waste. This study investigated the manufacture of toys as a strategy to valorize urban forestry waste. For this, physical-mechanical, chemical (extractive), color and shape characterizations were performed for three species of urban trees commonly planted in Brazil, a region of Neotropical forests. Toy prototypes were developed and manufactured from wood waste. Regarding color, all studied species showed high value of the variable b*, which refers to the blue-yellow axis. Handroanthus heptaphyllus wood had the highest values of basic density (0.706 g.cm−3) and Janka hardness (1142, 1027 and 1669 kgf.cm−2 for radial, tangential and transverse directions, respectively), and had the lowest volumetric shrinkage (11.38%). The lowest content of total extractives was measured in Handroanthus heptaphyllus, 6.33%, and the greatest content was found in Spathodea campanulata, 7.01%. The average value suggested for the toy prototypes varied between $ 3.70 and $ 13.58. The urban pruning wastes of the species studied have physical, chemical and mechanical attributes suitable for the manufacture of toys. This use has strong potential for environmental, economic and social sustainability and the toys are pedagogically accepted by adults and children.

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    Authors: Rômulo B. Rodrigues; Micheli Z. Hassemer; Iury W. A. Melo; Dacley H. Neu; +2 Authors

    Valine belongs to the group of branched-chain amino acids, has an important structural role and is primarily deposited as body protein. The present study evaluated the effects of valine in diets of juvenile Nile tilapia. A total of 216 juveniles with weight of 21.40 ± 0.42 g and length of 10.07 ± 1.00 cm were distributed into 18 aquarium in a completely randomized design with six treatments and three replicates. Six diets containing 24.30% digestible protein, 3,100 kcal/kg digestible energy, and increasing valine levels (0.54; 0.63; 0.72; 0.81; 0.90; 0.99%) were prepared. The following factors were evaluated: performance, chemical composition, blood hematological and biochemical, and skeletal muscle development. Differences were observed in productive performance between treatments for weight gain, daily weight gain and apparent feed conversion, where inclusion levels from 0.81% to 0.99% provide better performances. According to the equation of quadratic regression, the inclusion of 0.86% of valine provided greater weight gain. Regarding the hematological and biochemical parameters, there were differences among the treatments for hemoglobin, triglycerides, and cholesterol. Not difference was observed for the chemical composition and muscle fiber growth. It is recommended the inclusion of 0.86% of valine in the diet of juveniles of Nile tilapia because it provides greater weight gain.

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    DOAJ
    Article . 2019
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    Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research
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    Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research
    Article . 2019 . Peer-reviewed
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      Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research
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      Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research
      Article . 2019 . Peer-reviewed
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    Authors: Plinio L. Kroth; Clesio Gianello; Leandro Bortolon; Jairo André Schlindwein; +1 Authors

    <p>The ion exchange resin method has received considerable attention as an alternative soil test method to evaluate plant available nutrients. This study sought to investigate the effect of changes to the resin standard method in the capacity of the resin to extract soil P, K, Ca, and Mg in soils with different texture. We tested the following modifications: soil grinding levels (&lt; 2 mm; &lt; 0.3 mm), shaking time (8 h; 16 h; 24 h), reciprocation level (12.5 rpm; 25 rpm; 50 rpm), solution and elution saturation concentration (0.25/0.25 mol L<sup>-1</sup>; 0.5/0.5 mol L<sup>-1</sup>; 1.0/1.0 mol L<sup>-1</sup>), soil:solution ratio (1:5 v:v; 1:10 v:v; 1:16 v:v; 1:25 v:v), room temperature (10 <sup>o</sup>C, 15 <sup>o</sup>C, 25 <sup>o</sup>C, 40 <sup>o</sup>C), and resin amount (1 n; 2 n). When one factor was changed all the others were kept the same as the standard procedure. We selected the five most representative soil orders used for crop production in Southern Brazil which have a wide range of clay, organic matter, Mehlich-1 extractable P and K, and KCl exchangeable Ca, and Mg contents. Results showed that modifications on the standard extraction procedure affected the amounts of soil P, K, Ca, and Mg extracted. Temperature was the main factor affecting the amount of P extracted from the soil with ion exchange membrane resin. Our results can be useful to other regions that might be interested in adopting the resin soil test method, allowing others to identify the impacts of similar method modifications on soil nutrient availability according to soil type, soil management, and temperature conditions.</p>

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    Journal of Agricultural Science
    Article . 2016 . Peer-reviewed
    License: CC BY
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      Journal of Agricultural Science
      Article . 2016 . Peer-reviewed
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