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Es wurde bei der RaubmilbeAmblyseius gossipi (El-Badry) im Labor der Einflus der zwei Chemosterilantien 5-fluorootic acid (FA) und 5-fluorouracil (FU) auf einige biologische Parameter untersucht. Die Mortalitat bei den adulten Weibchen stieg mit der Konzentration der Chemosterilantien von 6,0 auf 41,3% (FA) und von 3,0 auf 28,7% (FU). Unter dem Einflus der zwei Wirkstoffe wurden — mit zunehmender Konzentration — die Zahl abgelegter Eier pro Weibchen sowie das Schlupfprozent der Eier verringert. Gleichlaufende Verkurzungen des Lebenszyklus und der Lebensdauer waren nicht signifikant.

Smoking is a major health risk and tobacco use is common in all age groups in Egypt. In older people, tobacco use is considered the primary preventable cause of disability and death. Few studies have considered tobacco use in older people and its associated factors.This study aimed to estimate the prevalence and type of tobacco use among older people in Mansoura, Egypt.A cross-sectional descriptive population-based study was carried out in Mansoura District (both urban and rural areas). It included 663 older people aged 60 years or over. Data were collected from interviews at participants' homes using a questionnaire covering family sociodemographic details, tobacco smoking history, nicotine addiction scale, and religious commitment inventory.The prevalence of active current tobacco smoking among participants was 25.3%, passive smoking was 37.1%, while 6.3% were ex-smokers. Among active current smokers nicotine dependence was 42.3%, and 23.3% had failed to quit smoking, while 30.3% had the intention to quit. Logistic regression analysis revealed that being male, having low levels of education and religiosity, and urban residence were the independent predictors of current smoking.The prevalence of both active and passive tobacco smoking among older people was considered high compared to high-income countries. The most important factors associated with smoking status were sex, education and religiosity. There is an urgent need for anti-tobacco campaigns and smoking cessation interventions specifically targeting older people.تعاطي التبغ والعوامل المصاحبة له في صفوف كبار السن: دراسة مجتمعية في مصر.دعاء عبد الهادي، عبد الهادي الجيلاني.يمثل التدخين خطراً كبيراً على الصحة، وينتشر تعاطي التبغ بين جميع الفئات العمرية في مصر. ويعد تعاطي التبغ السبب الرئيسي الذي يمكن تفاديه للإعاقة والوفاة بين كبار السن. وتناولت دراسات قليلة تعاطي كبار السن للتبغ والعوامل المصاحبة لذلك.تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى تقدير معدل انتشار تعاطي التبغ ونوعه بين كبار السن في المنصورة، بمصر.أجريت دراسة سكانية وصفية شاملة لعدة قطاعات في مقاطعة المنصورة (في كل من المناطق الحضرية والريفية). وشملت الدراسة 663 شخصاً من كبار السن تبلغ أعمارهم 60 عاماً أو أكبر. وجُعت البيانات من المقابلات التي أجريت في بيوت المشاركين باستخدام استبيان يغطي التفاصيل الاجتماعية والسكانية للأسرة، وتاريخ تدخين التبغ، ومقياس إدمان النيكوتين، وبيان الالتزام الديني.كان معدل انتشار التدخين الفعلي للتبغ في الوقت الحالي بين المشاركين 25.3٪، وكان معدل انتشار التدخين السلبي 37.1٪، بينما كانت نسبة المدخنين السابقين 6.3٪. وبين المدخنين الفعليين الحاليين، كان معدل إدمان النيكوتين 42.3٪، وكان معدل الذين أخفقوا في الإقلاع عن التدخين 23.3٪، بينما أعرب 30.3٪ عن نيتهم في الإقلاع عن التدخين. وكشف تحليل الانحدار اللوجستي أن مؤشرات التنبؤ المستقلة للتدخين الحالي تتمثل في كون الفرد ذكراً، وانخفاض مستوى التعليم ودرجة التدين لديه، والإقامة بالحضر.يعد معدل انتشار تدخين التبغ الفعلي أو السلبي بين كبار السن معدلاً مرتفعاً مقارنةً بالبلدان ذات الدخل المرتفع. وكانت أهم العوامل المرتبطة بوضع التدخين هي الجنس والتعليم ودرجة التدين. وهناك ضرورة ملحة لحملات مكافحة التدخين وتدخلات الإقلاع عن التدخين الموجهة تحديداً لكبار السن.Consommation de tabac et facteurs associés chez les personnes âgées : étude à base communautaire en Égypte.Le tabagisme constitue un risque majeur pour la santé et la consommation de tabac est répandue dans toutes les groupes d’âge en Égypte. Chez les personnes âgées, le tabagisme est considéré comme la première cause évitable d’incapacité et de décès. Peu d’études ont traité la question de la consommation de tabac chez les personnes âgées et les facteurs qui y sont associés.La présente étude avait pour objectif d’estimer la prévalence et le type de consommation du tabac chez les personnes âgées à Mansoura (Égypte).Une étude transversale descriptive en population a été menée dans le district de Mansoura (dans les zones urbaines et rurales). Celle-ci comprenait 663 personnes âgées de 60 ans et plus. Les données ont été collectées à partir d’entretiens réalisés au domicile des participants au moyen d’un questionnaire couvrant les informations sociodémographiques sur la famille, les antécédents de tabagisme, une échelle de dépendance à la nicotine et un inventaire en matière de religiosité.La prévalence de la consommation de tabac au moment de l’étude parmi les participants était de 25,3 % et celle du tabagisme passif était de 37,1 %, tandis que 6,3 % étaient d’anciens fumeurs. Parmi les fumeurs au moment de l’étude, la dépendance à la nicotine était de 42,3 %, et 23,3 % n’étaient pas parvenus à arrêter de fumer, tandis que 30,3 % en avaient l’intention. L’analyse de régression logistique a montré que le fait d’être de sexe masculin, d’avoir un faible niveau d’éducation et de religiosité et l’habitat en milieu urbain constituaient les facteurs prédictifs indépendants du tabagisme au moment de l’étude.La prévalence du tabagisme à la fois actif et passif chez les personnes âgées était considérée comme élevée comparativement aux pays à haut revenu. Les facteurs les plus importants associés au statut tabagique étaient le sexe, l’éducation et la religiosité. Il est urgent de mettre en œuvre des campagnes antitabac et des interventions de sevrage tabagique visant spécifiquement les personnes âgées.

This study aims to assess Sustainable Land Management Index (SLMI) for the soils in El-Minufiya Governorate through five indices (productivity index, security index, protection index, economic viability index and social acceptability index). The studied area, lies between latitudes 31° 5' and 31° 25' N and longitudes 30° 10' and 30° 40' E, and occupied 217160 hectares. The two Nile branches (Rosetta and Damietta branches) pass the Governorate. Thus, the land use in rural areas of the Governorate is mainly agriculture. The area included two landscapes; Flood plain and Aeolian plain. Soils in the investigated area were classified under one soil order, Entisols and classified as Typic Torrifluvents, Vertic Torrifluvents and Typic Torripsamments. Fifteen soil profiles were dug to represent El-MinufiyaGovernorate soils. An SLMI model was designed using the spatial geoprocessing tools of ArcGIS by integration between biophysical, socioeconomic and environmental factors for soils of each mapping unit. Four SLMI classes were outlined; the overflowmantles, overflow basins mapping units (Class I) representing 24.1 % (52333 ha) of the total area, the river levees,decantation basins, high river terraces, moderate river terraces and low river terraces mapping units (Class II) covering 48.3% (104991 ha) of the total area, turtle backs mapping unit (Class III) occupying 0.3% (642 ha) of total area and Class (IV) that not meeting sustainability found in sand sheets mapping unit occupying 16.7% (36255 ha) of the total area.

Under screen house conditions, two experiments were carried out to evaluate certain bacterium, Pseudomonas fluorescens isolates regarding reproductive potential of root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita, infecting tomato or eggplant. Results on tomato revealed that, on the basis of average total percentages nematode reduction, the over topped results were gained with P. fluorescens (Pf2) which recorded the highest significant (P≤0.05) average nematode reduction (61.3%) and higher percentage reduction of females (77%) per plant. The second rank was obtained by Pf3 which reduced all nematode numbers as an average of 56.9%.On the basis of average total percentages plant growth and weight of fruit increases, four bacterial treatments can be ranked in a descending order as follows: Pf9 > Pf4>Pf1and Pf7, as they achieved the highest average total percentages increases of 96.0, 47.3, 38.2and 29.8%, respectively compared to other treatments and untreated check. Regarding to eggplant, the over topped results observed was achieved by P. fluorescens (Pf10) which recorded the highest average total nematode reduction (66.2%) with higher reduction of (J2s) in roots (89.9%) per plant and in soil (78.8%) per pot. The second rank was obtained by Pf9 and Pf2 where they reduced all nematode numbers as averages of 55.9% and 54.9%, respectively. Also Pseudomonas isolates enhanced the plant growth of eggplant, averages were found in a descending order as follows: Pf1 (20.0%), Pf9 (18.7%) and Pf10 (18.3%) . It is worthy to note that the most distinct growth criteria was fresh weight of roots as it achieved higher percentage increase (58.1%) by using Pf9 followed by Pf1 as it caused 40.6% increase compared to untreated check. The highest average percentage of fresh weight of shoot were recorded for Pf10 (26.4%) and Pf8 (22.1%). Whereas for dry weight Pf3 (29.8%) and Pf2 (19.1%). In conclusion, the tested biocontrol agent was efficient in controlling the root-knot nematode on tested plants.

AbstractEnvironmental stresses including salinity, drought, cold, warmer temperatures, alterations in precipitation patterns, fluctuations of weather events, and increasing insect and disease infestations negatively affect crop production and nutritional values. This situation becomes further complicated due to the changing climatic conditions, thus raising concern about food security worldwide. Some worst‐case projections indicated that by 2100, CO2 concentrations will reach 950 parts per million, temperatures will climb by 3.5 to more than 8°C, sea level will rise by more than 2.4 meters, and the average farmland drought risk index will increase from 52.45 to 129. In addition, average precipitation will increase by 1%–3% in some areas and atmospheric water vapor will increase by 6%–7% for every degree of temperature rise. Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is a staple crop in many parts of the world. The main objective of this review is to highlight the prospects of rice for future climatic conditions. The present review depicts the advantages and prospects of rice and addresses why rice is a better option as a cereal crop for the future situations for food and nutritional sustainability. The impact of climate change on food and nutritional security can be mitigated by developing biotic and abiotic stress‐tolerant and biofortified rice varieties. These rice cultivars can withstand the negative effects of climate change while also meeting the nutritional needs of future generations. Furthermore, this review underlines the forthcoming issues and measures that should be addressed to assure a sustainable food and nutritional supply in the era of global climate change.

Along with the large-scale proliferation of IoT-networks and information technology, users can obtain the information resources conveniently via intelligent device. Therefore authentication mechanism is a fundamental tool for ensuring secure communications and the validity of communicating party. Specially, focusing on healthcare applications based on IoT-networks.This paper proposes an efficient authentication model called 'Elngar authentication model' (EAM)-based IoT medical data system for anonymous users using elliptic curves cryptosystem (ECC) which achieves mutual authentication and forward security. Specifically, this paper certify the legitimacy of the proposed via employing BAN-logic, which is one of the important formal methods. Further, the performance comparison shows that EAM model is more suitable for IoT medical applications where efficiency and security concerned.

Rapeseed is a valuable oil crop due to its high nutritious value and ample oil content. The current study provides a comparative analysis of 24 cultivars to better understand the performance and predict the adaptative mechanisms of drought-tolerant and drought-sensitive cultivars based on germination and morphophysiological traits during the early seedling stage using PEG-6000 simulated drought conditions. JYZ 158 and FY 520 (tolerant cultivars) and YG 2009 and NZ 1838 (sensitive cultivars) were selected to further explore the role of osmolytes and enzymatic activity in improving drought tolerance. This investigation illustrated that drought stress negatively influenced all studied cultivars; however, the degree of influence was different for each cultivar, suggesting their different potential for drought tolerance. Moreover, enzymatic and osmoregulatory mechanisms were highly efficient in tolerant cultivars compared to sensitive cultivars. Additionally, tolerant cultivars showed higher chlorophyll and lower malondialdehyde (MDA) contents versus sensitive cultivars under drought stress conditions. Higher drought tolerance coincided with higher enzymatic activity and osmolyte content. This work showed that JYZ 158 and FY 520 cultivars had higher drought tolerance, and might be a significant germplasm resource for breeding programs developing drought-tolerant rapeseed.

Phased array weather radars, particularly with high temporal resolution, essentially need a robust and fast beamformer to accurately estimate precipitation profiles such as reflectivity and Doppler velocity. In this paper, we introduce a neural-network-based beamformer to address this problem. In particular, the optimum weight vector is computed by modeling the problem as a three-layer radial basis function neural network (RBFNN), which is trained with I/O pairs obtained from the optimum Wiener solution. The RBFNN was chosen because of its characteristic of accurate approximation and good generalization, and its robustness against interference and noise. The proposed RBFNN beamforming method is compared with traditional beamforming methods, namely, Fourier beamforming (FR), Capon beamforming, and the flower pollination algorithm (FPA), which is a recently proposed nature-inspired optimization algorithm. It is shown that the RBFNN approach has nearly optimal performance in various precipitation radar signal simulations relative to the rival methods. The validity of the RBFNN beamformer is demonstrated by using real weather data collected by the phased array radar (PAR) at Osaka University, and compared with, in addition to the FR and FPA methods, the minimum mean square error beamforming method. It is shown that the RBFNN method estimates the reflectivity of the PAR at Osaka University with less clutter level than those of the other three methods.

The present review provides a perspective angle on the historical and cutting-edge strategies of remote sensing techniques and its applications, especially for insect pest and plant disease management. Remote sensing depends on measuring, recording, and processing the electromagnetic radiation reflected and emitted from the ground target. Remote sensing applications depend on the spectral behavior of living organisms. Today, remote sensing is used as an effective tool for the detection, forecasting, and management of insect pests and plant diseases on different fruit orchards and crops. The main objectives of these applications were to collate data that help in decision-making for insect pest management and decreasing the environmental pollution of chemical pesticides. Airborne remote sensing has been a promising and useful tool for insect pest management and weed detection. Furthermore, remote sensing using satellite information proved to be a promising tool in forecasting and monitoring the distribution of locust species. It has also been used to help farmers in the early detection of mite infestation in cotton fields using multi-spectral systems, which depend on color changes in canopy semblance over time. Remote sensing can provide fast and accurate forecasting of targeted insect pests and subsequently minimizing pest damage and the management costs.