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description Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2016 Germany, FinlandPublisher:IOP Publishing Funded by:AKA | Global green-blue water s...AKA| Global green-blue water scarcity trajectories and measures for adaptation: linking the Holocene to the Anthropocene (SCART)Porkka, Miina; Gerten, Dieter; Schaphoff, Sibyll; Siebert, Stefan; Kummu, Matti;The insufficiency of water resources to meet the needs of food production is a pressing issue that is likely to increase in importance in the future. Improved understanding of historical developments can provide a basis for addressing future challenges. In this study we analyse how hydroclimatic variation, cropland expansion and evolving agricultural practices have influenced the potential for food self-sufficiency within the last century. We consider a food production unit (FPU) to have experienced green-blue water (GBW) scarcity if local renewable green (in soils) and blue water resources (in rivers, lakes, reservoirs, aquifers) were not sufficient for producing a reference food supply of 3000 kcal with 20% animal products for all inhabitants. The number of people living in FPUs affected by GBW scarcity has gone up from 360 million in 1905 (21% of world population at the time) to 2.2 billion (34%) in 2005. During this time, GBW scarcity has spread to large areas and become more frequent in regions where it occurs. Meanwhile, cropland expansion has increased green water availability for agriculture around the world, and advancements in agronomic practices have decreased water requirements of producing food. These efforts have improved food production potential and thus eased GBW scarcity considerably but also made possible the rapid population growth of the last century. The influence of modern agronomic practices is particularly striking: if agronomic practices of the early 1900s were applied today, it would roughly double the population under GBW scarcity worldwide. Peer reviewed
Environmental Resear... arrow_drop_down Aaltodoc Publication ArchiveArticle . 2016 . Peer-reviewedData sources: Aaltodoc Publication ArchivePublikationenserver der Georg-August-Universität GöttingenArticle . 2021add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1088/1748-9326/11/1/015001&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess Routesgold 79 citations 79 popularity Top 10% influence Top 10% impulse Top 1% Powered by BIP!more_vert Environmental Resear... arrow_drop_down Aaltodoc Publication ArchiveArticle . 2016 . Peer-reviewedData sources: Aaltodoc Publication ArchivePublikationenserver der Georg-August-Universität GöttingenArticle . 2021add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1088/1748-9326/11/1/015001&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2012 Finland, SwedenPublisher:IOP Publishing Funded by:AKA | Integrated impacts of cli...AKA| Integrated impacts of climate, land use and decision-making on reindeer husbandry in changing northern areasAuthors: Kivinen, Sonja; Kaarlejärvi, Elina; Jylha, Kirsti; Raisanen, Jouni;Kivinen, Sonja; Kaarlejärvi, Elina; Jylha, Kirsti; Raisanen, Jouni;handle: 10138/161970
We studied the interannual variation of late summer snow covered area (SCA), i.e. snowbeds and permanent snow patches, in northern Finland and analyzed the role of topographical factors and climatic conditions on the recent and future occurrence of summer snow. SCA for the years 2000, 2004, 2006 and 2009 was derived from Landsat images using a normalized difference snow index (NDSI). Late summer SCA varied notably between the years (1.5-23.0 km(2)). A major part of the late summer snow was located above 900-1000 m and on northern and eastern slopes. A generalized additive model (GAM) showed that the number of years with snow present in 1 km grid squares was strongly positively related to altitude and terrain ruggedness. Parallel examination of interannual variation of SCA and climatic conditions showed that snow cover declines were linked to relatively low snowfall-to-rainfall ratios. Annual mean air temperatures, particularly spring and early winter temperatures, showed increasing trends during the study period. Projected increases in air temperatures and rainfall suggest earlier and more efficient snow melt in the future. This may threaten the occurrence of species and communities related to snowbeds and decrease the beta-diversity of the landscape, and could also affect ecosystem services of the region.
Environmental Resear... arrow_drop_down HELDA - Digital Repository of the University of HelsinkiArticle . 2016 . Peer-reviewedData sources: HELDA - Digital Repository of the University of Helsinkiadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1088/1748-9326/7/3/034024&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess Routesgold 23 citations 23 popularity Top 10% influence Average impulse Top 10% Powered by BIP!more_vert Environmental Resear... arrow_drop_down HELDA - Digital Repository of the University of HelsinkiArticle . 2016 . Peer-reviewedData sources: HELDA - Digital Repository of the University of Helsinkiadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1088/1748-9326/7/3/034024&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eu
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description Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2016 Germany, FinlandPublisher:IOP Publishing Funded by:AKA | Global green-blue water s...AKA| Global green-blue water scarcity trajectories and measures for adaptation: linking the Holocene to the Anthropocene (SCART)Porkka, Miina; Gerten, Dieter; Schaphoff, Sibyll; Siebert, Stefan; Kummu, Matti;The insufficiency of water resources to meet the needs of food production is a pressing issue that is likely to increase in importance in the future. Improved understanding of historical developments can provide a basis for addressing future challenges. In this study we analyse how hydroclimatic variation, cropland expansion and evolving agricultural practices have influenced the potential for food self-sufficiency within the last century. We consider a food production unit (FPU) to have experienced green-blue water (GBW) scarcity if local renewable green (in soils) and blue water resources (in rivers, lakes, reservoirs, aquifers) were not sufficient for producing a reference food supply of 3000 kcal with 20% animal products for all inhabitants. The number of people living in FPUs affected by GBW scarcity has gone up from 360 million in 1905 (21% of world population at the time) to 2.2 billion (34%) in 2005. During this time, GBW scarcity has spread to large areas and become more frequent in regions where it occurs. Meanwhile, cropland expansion has increased green water availability for agriculture around the world, and advancements in agronomic practices have decreased water requirements of producing food. These efforts have improved food production potential and thus eased GBW scarcity considerably but also made possible the rapid population growth of the last century. The influence of modern agronomic practices is particularly striking: if agronomic practices of the early 1900s were applied today, it would roughly double the population under GBW scarcity worldwide. Peer reviewed
Environmental Resear... arrow_drop_down Aaltodoc Publication ArchiveArticle . 2016 . Peer-reviewedData sources: Aaltodoc Publication ArchivePublikationenserver der Georg-August-Universität GöttingenArticle . 2021add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1088/1748-9326/11/1/015001&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess Routesgold 79 citations 79 popularity Top 10% influence Top 10% impulse Top 1% Powered by BIP!more_vert Environmental Resear... arrow_drop_down Aaltodoc Publication ArchiveArticle . 2016 . Peer-reviewedData sources: Aaltodoc Publication ArchivePublikationenserver der Georg-August-Universität GöttingenArticle . 2021add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1088/1748-9326/11/1/015001&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2012 Finland, SwedenPublisher:IOP Publishing Funded by:AKA | Integrated impacts of cli...AKA| Integrated impacts of climate, land use and decision-making on reindeer husbandry in changing northern areasAuthors: Kivinen, Sonja; Kaarlejärvi, Elina; Jylha, Kirsti; Raisanen, Jouni;Kivinen, Sonja; Kaarlejärvi, Elina; Jylha, Kirsti; Raisanen, Jouni;handle: 10138/161970
We studied the interannual variation of late summer snow covered area (SCA), i.e. snowbeds and permanent snow patches, in northern Finland and analyzed the role of topographical factors and climatic conditions on the recent and future occurrence of summer snow. SCA for the years 2000, 2004, 2006 and 2009 was derived from Landsat images using a normalized difference snow index (NDSI). Late summer SCA varied notably between the years (1.5-23.0 km(2)). A major part of the late summer snow was located above 900-1000 m and on northern and eastern slopes. A generalized additive model (GAM) showed that the number of years with snow present in 1 km grid squares was strongly positively related to altitude and terrain ruggedness. Parallel examination of interannual variation of SCA and climatic conditions showed that snow cover declines were linked to relatively low snowfall-to-rainfall ratios. Annual mean air temperatures, particularly spring and early winter temperatures, showed increasing trends during the study period. Projected increases in air temperatures and rainfall suggest earlier and more efficient snow melt in the future. This may threaten the occurrence of species and communities related to snowbeds and decrease the beta-diversity of the landscape, and could also affect ecosystem services of the region.
Environmental Resear... arrow_drop_down HELDA - Digital Repository of the University of HelsinkiArticle . 2016 . Peer-reviewedData sources: HELDA - Digital Repository of the University of Helsinkiadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1088/1748-9326/7/3/034024&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess Routesgold 23 citations 23 popularity Top 10% influence Average impulse Top 10% Powered by BIP!more_vert Environmental Resear... arrow_drop_down HELDA - Digital Repository of the University of HelsinkiArticle . 2016 . Peer-reviewedData sources: HELDA - Digital Repository of the University of Helsinkiadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1088/1748-9326/7/3/034024&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eu