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The following results are related to Rural Digital Europe. Are you interested to view more results? Visit OpenAIRE - Explore.

  • Rural Digital Europe
  • 2013-2022
  • Publications
  • LAReferencia - Red Federada de Repo...

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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Mariana Homem de Mello Santos; Gerson Nakazato; Thiago Hideo Endo; Renata Katsuko Takayama Kobayashi;

    Silver nanoparticles have been extensively researched and have several applications such as antimicrobial and anticancer, and can be used in the agricultural, biomedical, pharmaceutical, textile area, among others, but its toxicity is still little understood. Nanoparticles can measure between 1 – 100 nm and the most currently studied is the silver nanoparticle (AgNP). The main methods of synthesis are the chemical and the biogenic pathway, or green, which is less environmentally polluting, more environmentally friendly, and simpler, although standardization is more complex. Morphological and physical-chemical characteristics differ according to the synthesis method and, consequently, present different degrees of toxicity. Nanotoxicology studies the toxicity of nanoparticles on living organisms and scientists seek to know about the physical-chemical properties and their influence on interaction with the environment. It is known that there are several parameters that influence toxicity, such as dose, particle size, shape, morphology, surface chemistry, agglomeration/aggregation state, synthesis method, cell type and organism in which it is tested. Therefore, this article aims to address the main ways of synthesis of AgNPs, discuss the advantages and disadvantages of each method, the parameters that influence toxicity and examples of studies. As nanopartículas de prata têm sido extensivamente pesquisadas e possuem diversas aplicações, como antimicrobiano e anticâncer, podem ser usadas nas áreas: agropecuária, biomédica, farmacêutica, têxtil, entre outras. Contudo, sua toxicidade ainda é pouco entendida. As nanopartículas podem apresentar tamanhos entre 1 – 100 nm, e a mais estudada atualmente é a de prata (AgNP). Os principais métodos de síntese são: químico e biogênico, ou “verde”, a qual é menos poluente ao meio ambiente, sustentável e simples, apesar da padronização ser mais complexa. As características morfológicas e físico-químicas se diferenciam de acordo com o método de síntese e, consequentemente, apresentam diferentes graus de toxicidade. A nanotoxicologia estuda a toxicidade das nanopartículas sobre os organismos vivos e os cientistas buscam saber a respeito das propriedades físico-químicas e sua influência na interação com o meio ambiente. Sabe-se que há diversos parâmetros que influenciam na toxicidade, como, concentração, tamanho da partícula, forma, morfologia, química da superfície, estado de aglomeração/agregação, método de síntese e o tipo de célula que é utilizada. Portanto, esta revisão visa abordar as principais vias de síntese das AgNPs, discutir as vantagens e desvantagens de cada método, os parâmetros que influenciam na toxicidade e exemplos de estudos.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ LAReferencia - Red F...arrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Pesquisa Agropecuária Gaúcha
    Article . 2022 . Peer-reviewed
    License: CC BY NC SA
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    Pesquisa Agropecuária Gaúcha
    Article . 2022
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ LAReferencia - Red F...arrow_drop_down
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      Pesquisa Agropecuária Gaúcha
      Article . 2022 . Peer-reviewed
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: José Hugo Simplicio de Sousa; Amanda Rezende Moreira; Abdalan Andrade do Nascimento; George do Nascimento Ribeiro; +2 Authors

    Human activities modify the natural characteristics of numerous watersheds worldwide. Google Earth Engine provides tools for the analysis of land use and natural resources. In this work, we classify current land use and cover in the Sucuru watershed, Paraíba, Brazil. We compared the accuracy of five supervised classification algorithms of Google Earth Engine. Classifiers based on Decision Trees, such as the Classification and Regression Trees (CART) and Random Forest (RF), showed the best accuracy and visual inspection values. The Google Earth Engine is a powerful tool for analysis of large-scale environmental data, monitoring land use changes, and providing information for sustainable management. Através das ações antrópicas inadequadas ao longo dos anos na bacia hidrográfica do Alto Curso do Rio Paraíba, onde vem passando por mudanças no ecossistema. Geotecnologias têm contribuido nas pesquisas propiciando a incorporação de informações dos sistemas naturais. O objetivo deste trabalho foi classificar o uso e cobertura da terra atual. Foi utilizado cincos classificadores de classificação supervisionada disponíveis no Google Earth Engine. Os resultados demonstraram que dois classificadores baseados em Árvore de Decisão Classification and Regression Trees (CART) e Random Forest (RF) desempenharam excelentes resultados, entretanto o classificador (CART) se destacou tanto pelo os melhores índices quanto na inspeção visual. O GEE demonstrou ser uma plataforma muito eficaz para a realização do mapeamento do uso e cobertura da terra na área. Através das ações antrópicas inadequadas ao longo dos anos na bacia hidrográfica do Alto Curso do Rio Paraíba, onde vem passando por mudanças no ecossistema. Geotecnologias têm contribuido nas pesquisas propiciando a incorporação de informações dos sistemas naturais. O objetivo deste trabalho foi classificar o uso e cobertura da terra atual. Foi utilizado cincos classificadores de classificação supervisionada disponíveis no Google Earth Engine. Os resultados demonstraram que dois classificadores baseados em Árvore de Decisão Classification and Regression Trees (CART) e Random Forest (RF) desempenharam excelentes resultados, entretanto o classificador (CART) se destacou tanto pelo os melhores índices quanto na inspeção visual. O GEE demonstrou ser uma plataforma muito eficaz para a realização do mapeamento do uso e cobertura da terra na área.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Revista Verde de Agr...arrow_drop_down
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    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Revista Verde de Agr...arrow_drop_down
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Pincay-Ronquillo, Wellington; López-Bósquez, Jonathan; Espinosa-Cunuhay, Kleber; Durán-Mera, Christian Alejandro; +1 Authors

    To strengthen the supply of basic food for the population in the canton La Maná, the horticultural orchards project was developed in urban and rural communities in the canton La Maná, Cotopaxi province, Ecuador. With the participation of 25 Agronomy students from the Universidad Técnica de Cotopaxi (La Maná extension), the intervention was made in the design, installation, and management of horticultural orchards in 11 localities. As a product of the project, in the participating communities, families were able to implement horticultural orchards in their homes, increasing the immediate availability of basic foods for family consumption. As a product of the project, in the participating localities, it was achieved that at the urban and rural level the acceptance of the horticultural orchards was given in equal proportion. However, close to 100% of men in rural areas are willing to collaborate in horticultural activities, a contrary situation that was observed at the urban level. On the other hand, regardless of gender, there was greater interest in the production of vegetables at the rural level with respect to the urban area. Con la finalidad de fortalecer el suministro de alimentos básicos para la población del cantón La Maná, se desarrolló el proyecto de huertos hortícolas en siete comunidades urbanas y cuatro rurales del cantón La Maná, provincia de Cotopaxi, Ecuador. Con la participación de 25 estudiantes de la carrera de Agronomía de la Universidad Técnica de Cotopaxi (extensión La Maná), se intervino en el diseño, instalación y manejo de huertos hortícolas en 11 localidades. Como producto del proyecto, en las localidades participantes, se logró que las familias implementen huertos hortícolas en sus hogares, incrementado la disponibilidad inmediata de alimentos básicos para el consumo familiar. Como producto del proyecto, en las localidades participantes, se logró que a nivel urbano y rural la aceptación de los huertos hortícola se dio en igual proporción. Sin embargo, cerca del 100% de los hombres de la zona rural está dispuesto a colaborar en actividades hortícolas, situación contraria situación contraria que se observó a nivel urbano. Por otro lado, sin considerar el género, hubo un mayor interés en la producción de hortalizas a nivel rural con respecto a la zona urbana. Para fortalecer o abastecimento de alimentos básicos para a população do cantão La Maná, o projeto hortas foi desenvolvido em comunidades urbanas e rurais do cantão La Maná, província de Cotopaxi, Equador. Com a participação de 25 estudantes de Agronomia da Universidade Técnica de Cotopaxi (extensão La Maná), a intervenção foi realizada no projeto, instalação e gestão de hortas em 11 localidades. Como produto do projeto, nas comunidades participantes, as famílias puderam implantar hortas em suas residências, aumentando a disponibilidade imediata de alimentos básicos para o consumo familiar. Como produto do projeto, nas localidades participantes, conseguiu-se que a nível urbano e rural a aceitação dos pomares hortícolas se desse em igual proporção. No entanto, cerca de 100% dos homens do meio rural estão dispostos a colaborar nas atividades hortícolas, situação contrária à observada no âmbito urbano. Por outro lado, independentemente do gênero, houve maior interesse pela produção de hortaliças na zona rural em relação à zona urbana.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ LAReferencia - Red F...arrow_drop_down
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    Authors: Fábio Henrique Rojo Baio; Dthenifer Cordeiro Santana; Larissa Pereira Ribeiro Teodoro; Izabela Cristina de Oliveira; +5 Authors

    Predicting maize yield using spectral information, temperature, and different irrigation management through machine learning algorithms provide information in a fast, accurate, and non-destructive way. The use of multispectral sensor data coupled with irrigation management in maize allows further exploration of water behavior and its relationship with changes in spectral bands presented by the crop. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate, by means of multivariate statistics and machine learning techniques, the relationship between irrigation management and spectral bands in predicting maize yields. Field experiments were carried out over two seasons (first and second seasons) in a randomized block design with four treatments (control and three additional irrigation levels) and eighteen sample repetitions. The response variables analyzed were vegetation indices (IVs) and crop yield (GY). Measurement of spectral wavelengths was performed with the Sensefly eBee RTK, with autonomous flight control. The eBee was equipped with the Parrot Sequoia multispectral sensor acquiring reflectance at the wavelengths of green (550 nm ± 40 nm), red (660 nm ± 40 nm), red-edge (735 nm ± 10 nm), and NIR (790 nm ± 40 nm). The blue length (496 nm) was obtained by additional RGB imaging. Data were subjected to Pearson correlations (r) between the evaluated variables represented by a correlation and scatter plot. Subsequently, the canonical analysis was performed to verify the interrelationship between the variables evaluated. Data were also subjected to machine learning (ML) analysis, in which three different input dataset configurations were tested: using only irrigation management (IR), using irrigation management and spectral bands (SB+IR), and using irrigation management, spectral bands, and temperature (IR+SB+Temp). ML models used were: Artificial Neural Network (ANN), M5P Decision Tree (J48), REPTree Decision Tree (REPT), Random Forest (RF), and Support Vector Machine (SVM). A multiple linear regression (LR) was tested as a control model. Our results revealed that Random Forest has higher accuracy in predicting grain yield in maize, especially when associated with the inputs SB+IR and SB+IR+Temp.

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    Authors: Fernando Watson-Hernández; Valeria Serrano-Núñez; Natalia Gómez-Calderón; Rouverson Pereira da Silva;

    Climate change is a variation in the normal behavior of the climate. These variations and their effects will be seen in the coming years, the most imminent being anomalous fluctuations in atmospheric temperature and precipitation. This scenario is counterproductive for agricultural production. This study evaluated the effect of climate change on oil palm production for conditions in the Central Pacific of Costa Rica, in three simulation scenarios: the baseline between the years 2000 and 2019, a first climate change scenario from 2040 to 2059 (CCS1), and a second one from 2080 to 2099 (CCS2), using the modeling framework APSIM, and the necessary water requirements were established as an adaptive measure for the crop with the irrigation module. A decrease in annual precipitation of 5.55% and 7.86% and an increase in the average temperature of 1.73 °C and 3.31 °C were identified, generating a decrease in production yields of 7.86% and 37.86%, concerning the Baseline, in CCS1 and CCS2, respectively. Irrigation made it possible to adapt the available water conditions in the soil to maintain the baseline yields of the oil palm crop for the proposed climate change scenarios.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Agronomy; LAReferenc...arrow_drop_down
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    Authors: da Silva Lopes, Estefane; Emanuela Ribeiro Horta, Karla; Campos, Marcus André Siqueira;

    No período recente, as mudanças climáticas globais verificadas pelo aumento da temperatura decorrente de ações antrópicas é uma das principais problemáticas ambientais. Em se tratando do aumento de temperatura entre áreas urbanas e rurais, numa escala local ou regional, os estudos tendem a avaliar o fenômeno das ilhas de calor. Compreender a importância do estudo das ilhas de calor urbanas, suas principais investigações e ocorrências podem contribuir para análise do fenômeno nos países de urbanização tardia. Sendo assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi investigar , por meio de uma análise cienciométrica, o estado da arte das pesquisas de ilha de calor entre os anos de 2000 a 2020. A partir das definições iniciais, obteve-se uma triagem de 169 artigos. Para esse universo foi avaliada toda a produção científica; incluindo país, ano, autores, instituições, palavras-chave, jornal (fator de impacto), clima, população e área geográfica. A metodologia empregada permite afirmar que o número de publicações relacionadas a ilhas de calor urbanas tem aumentado constantemente desde 2000. O país que mais se destacou foi a China, responsável por cerca de 40% do total dos artigos sobre ilhas de calor urbanas. Chinese Academy of Sciences e Nanjing University, foram as duas Universidades da China em que mais publicaram artigos sobre ilhas de calor urbanas. A modelagem continua sendo o principal método, e o uso de ferramentas de sensoriamento remoto vem cada vez mais tomando destaque. En el período reciente, el aumento de la temperatura global verificado por el período del cambio climático es uno de los principales cambios ambientales. Cuando se trata del aumento de la temperatura urbana entre áreas y áreas rurales, a escala local o regional, los estudios tienden a evaluar el fenómeno de la isla de calor. Comprender la importancia urbana del calor, sus principales industrias y la investigación puede contribuir al análisis del fenómeno en países con urbanización tardía. Para ello, se desarrolló una cienciometría sobre los estudios que se centraron en este análisis temático en el período de 2000 a 2020, cuya investigación resultó en 169 artículos. Toda la producción fue para este universo; incluyendo país, año, autores, instituciones, palabras clave, revista (factor de impacto), clima, población y área geográfica. La metodología utilizada permite afirmar que el número urbano de publicaciones relacionadas con las islas de calor urbanas ha aumentado constantemente en el año 2000. El país que más se destacó fue China, responsable de alrededor del 40% del número total de artículos sobre islas de calor. La Academia de Ciencias de China, la Universidad de Nanjing, fueron las dos universidades de China que publicaron la mayor cantidad de artículos sobre islas de calor urbanas. El modelado sigue siendo el método principal, y el uso de herramientas de teledetección se destaca cada vez más. In the recent period, increase in global temperature verified by the period of climate change is one of the main environmental changes. When it comes to the increase in urban temperature between areas and rural areas, on a local or regional scale, studies tend to assess the heat island phenomenon. Understanding the urban importance of heat, its main industries and research can contribute to the analysis of the phenomenon in countries with late urbanization. For, a scientometric was developed on the studies that focused on this thematic analysis in the period from 2000 to 2020, whose research resulted in 169 articles. The entire production went to this universe; including country, year, authors, institutions, keywords, journal (impact factor), climate, population and geographic area. The methodology used allows us to state that the urban number of publications related to urban heat islands has increased constantly in 2000. The country that stood out the most was China, responsible for about 40% of the total number of articles on heat islands. Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing University, were the two universities in China that published the most articles on urban heat islands. Modeling remains the main method, and the use of remote sensing tools is increasingly highlighted.

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    Authors: Petta, A.; Lavilla, M.;

    Introduction. Barley (Hordeum vulgare) net blotch (MR) causes yield losses estimated between 23 % to 44 %, as well as its malting quality. Objective. To evaluate over time the evolution of net blotch in different malting barley cultivars with and without application of foliar fungicide, associating it with yield and malting quality. Materials and methods. The trial was carried out during 2017 at the experimental field Universidad Nacional del Noroeste of the Buenos Aires province, in the city of Junín (Bs. As., Argentina) with an experimental block design with a 5x2 factorial arrangement and three repetitions, with randomization within blocks. Factor 1 was the cultivars and factor 2 was the foliar fungicide treatment. The pathometric variables incidence and severity were used to calculate the intensity of the MR and subsequently the area under the disease intensity progress curve (ABCPIE). Results. There was no interaction between cultivars and foliar fungicide application. The application of the foliar fungicide allowed a decrease in the ABCPIE in all the cultivars evaluated. Caliper was significantly associated (R2=0.67; p<0.0001) and inversely proportional to ABCPIE. Conclusions. The temporal evolution of the MR depended on the cultivar. Sinfonia had the lowest ABCPIE compared to the other cultivars evaluated. The application of foliar fungicide significantly reduced the evolution of MR over time. The disease influenced yield components and industrial quality of malting barley. Introducción. La mancha en red (MR) de la cebada (Hordeum vulgare), provoca mermas de rendimiento estimadas entre 23 % y 44 %, además afecta su calidad maltera. Objetivo. Evaluar en el tiempo la evolución de la mancha en red en diferentes cultivares de cebada cervecera con y sin aplicación de fungicida foliar, asociándola con el rendimiento y la calidad maltera. Materiales y métodos. El ensayo se llevó a cabo durante el 2017 en el campo experimental Universidad Nacional del Noroeste de la provincia de Buenos Aires, de la ciudad de Junín (Bs. As., Argentina), con un diseño experimental en bloques con arreglo factorial 5x2 y tres repeticiones, con aleatorización al azar dentro de los bloques. El factor 1 fueron los cultivares y el factor 2 fue el tratamiento con fungicida foliar. Se utilizaron las variables patométricas incidencia y severidad, con las cuales se calculó la intensidad de la MR y a posteriori el área bajo la curva del progreso de la intensidad de la enfermedad (ABCPIE). Resultados. No hubo interacción entre cultivares y la aplicación de fungicida foliar. La aplicación del fungicida foliar permitió una disminución del ABCPIE en todos los cultivares evaluados. El calibre se encontró asociado significativamente (R2=0,67; p<0,0001) e inversamente proporcional al ABCPIE. Conclusiones. La evolución temporal de la MR dependió del cultivar, sinfonía tuvo la menor el ABCPIE respecto a los demás cultivares evaluados. La aplicación de fungicida foliar redujo significativamente la evolución de la MR en el tiempo. La enfermedad influyó sobre los componentes de rendimiento y la calidad industrial de la cebada cervecera.

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    Agronomía Mesoamericana
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    Agronomía Mesoamericana
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      Agronomía Mesoamericana
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    Authors: Jobson Louis Almeida Brandão; Valmira Perucchi; Gustavo Henrique de Araújo Freire;

    RESUMO Introdução: O desenvolvimento de políticas públicas mais assertivas em bibliotecas, de acordo com as dinâmicas de teletrabalho que estão a se constituir, é um debate imprescindível ao campo da Ciência da Informação. Objetivo: O presente artigo discute a evolução das bibliotecas educativas públicas em espaços de trabalho remoto, para servir a uma comunidade de profissionais que trabalham e se comunicam em rede. Metodologia: Metodologicamente, a pesquisa é de nível exploratório, abordagem qualitativa, desenvolvida por meio de pesquisa bibliográfica, a partir dos dados de uma pesquisa de doutorado que utiliza o método Ciência-Ação. Resultados: Os resultados destacam a possibilidade de inovação por meio do trabalho remoto no serviço público federal, sobretudo com o advento do Decreto 11.072, de 17 de maio de 2022; a oportunidade de inovar no setor público com um serviço promissor desempenhado pelas bibliotecas educativas públicas em institutos federais; e a indissociabilidade entre agendas de trabalho e de pesquisa, tanto quanto entre o desenvolvimento social e a transformação digital. Conclusão: Conclui-se que os caminhos para a transformação digital no mundo do trabalho podem se tornar ainda mais produtivos, inovadores, rentáveis e sustentáveis, quando se busca o investimento contínuo e adequado em infraestrutura de bibliotecas que cumprem função educativa e são de natureza pública; e em políticas que assegurem a atuação do bibliotecário como agente de inovação em institutos federais. ABSTRACT Introduction: The development of more assertive public policies in libraries, in accordance with the dynamics of telecommuting that are being created, is an essential debate in the field of Information Science. Objective: This article discusses the evolution of public educational libraries in telecommuting to serve a community of professionals who work and communicate in a network. Methodology: Methodologically, the research has an exploratory level, a qualitative approach, developed through bibliographical research and elaborated from the data of a doctoral research that uses the action science method. Results: The results highlight the possibility of innovation through remote work in the federal public service, especially with the advent of Decree 11,072, of May 17, 2022; the opportunity to innovate in the public sector with a promising service performed by public educational libraries at federal institutes; and the inseparability between work and research agendas, as well as between social development and digital transformation. Conclusion: It is concluded that the paths for the digital transformation in the world of work can become even more productive, innovative, profitable and sustainable, when the continuous and adequate investment in library infrastructure that fulfills an educational function and is of a public nature is sought; and in policies that ensure the performance of librarians as agents of innovation in federal institutes.

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    RDBCI: Revista Digital de Biblioteconomia e Ciência da Informação
    Article . 2022 . Peer-reviewed
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      RDBCI: Revista Digital de Biblioteconomia e Ciência da Informação
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    Authors: Fredy E. García Castro; Catalina Medrano-Galarza; Jaime A. Cubides-Cárdenas; Aldemar Zúñiga López; +1 Authors

    Introduction. Research focused on listening and understanding public attitudes towards farm animal welfare is proliferating globally. Objective. To determine how consumers in Colombia perceive the welfare of farm animals and socio-demographic factors associated with such perceptions. Materials and methods. A descriptive and analytical epidemiological study was done through the implementation of a cross-sectional national online survey, conducted from September to October-2021, to obtain information on the knowledge and attitudes of consumers (≥18 years) in Colombia regarding farm animal welfare, as well as socio-demographic characteristics (sex, age, education, occupation, location, growing-up environment, level of contact with livestock farms, and diet). Logistic and multinomial logistic regression models were used to evaluate associations of demographic factors with the level of importance given to animal welfare (AW), perceptions about needs, behavior, and sentience in farm animals, and perceptions about the state and promotion of AW in Colombia. Results. Responses from 798 participants were included in the analysis, 85.57 % saw AW as a concept that refers to how to treat animals and improve their quality of life. The level of importance given to AW was 9.78±0.85 (scale from 0 to 10) and was associated with words such as health, food, caring, respect, and comfort. Sex, age, education, level of contact with a farm, and growing-up in rural areas significantly influenced the opinions regarding the concept of AW and the promotion of farm animal welfare in Colombia. Conclusion. The participants showed concern about farm animal welfare. The differences found associated with the different socio-demographic factors can be used as a basis for formulating education and empowerment strategies that help modulate changes in the way animals are seen, and what welfare means and what it implies. Introducción. El bienestar animal tiene como objetivo mejorar la calidad de vida de los animales que están bajo cuidado humano, por eso es importante escuchar y entender las actitudes públicas hacia el bienestar en animales de producción. Objetivo. Determinar cómo los consumidores en Colombia perciben el bienestar en animales de producción y factores sociodemográficos asociados a dichas percepciones. Materiales y métodos. Se realizó un estudio epidemiológico descriptivo y analítico mediante la aplicación de una encuesta transversal nacional en línea, realizada de septiembre a octubre de 2021, para obtener información sobre conocimientos y actitudes de consumidores (≥18 años) en Colombia, respecto al bienestar en animales de producción, así como características sociodemográficas (sexo, edad, educación, ocupación, ubicación, entorno de crecimiento, nivel de contacto con fincas y dieta). Se utilizaron modelos de regresión logística y logística multinomial para evaluar asociaciones de factores demográficos con el nivel de importancia dado al bienestar animal (BA), percepciones sobre necesidades, comportamiento y sintiencia animal, y percepciones sobre el estado y promoción del BA en Colombia. Resultados. Respuestas de 798 participantes fueron analizadas; 85,57% vio al BA como un concepto que refiere a cómo tratar a los animales y mejorar su calidad de vida. El nivel de importancia dado al BA fue 9,78±0,85 (escala de 0 a 10) y se asoció con palabras como salud, alimentación, cuidado, respeto y comodidad. Sexo, edad, educación, nivel de contacto con una finca y crecer en zonas rurales, influenciaron significativamente las opiniones sobre el concepto de BA y la promoción del bienestar en animales de producción en Colombia. Conclusión. Los participantes mostraron preocupación por el bienestar de animales de producción. Las diferencias encontradas asociadas a factores sociodemográficos pueden servir de base para formular estrategias de educación y empoderamiento que ayuden a modular cambios en el cómo se ve a los animales y en lo significa e implica su bienestar.

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    Agronomía Mesoamericana
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    Authors: Erika M. Gasperín-García; Diego Esteban Platas-Rosado; Pedro Zetina-Córdoba; Julio Vilaboa-Arroniz; +1 Authors

    Introduction. The High Mountain Region (RHM) is the most productive and socioeconomic region for the coffee cultivation in the state of Veracruz, Mexico, and one of the most representative of the sector at the national level. Objective. To determine the quality of life (QL) from the objective and subjective point of view of the small coffee producers (SP) in RHM, Mexico. Materials and methods. One hundred and fifty semi-structured interviews were applied to producers in eleven municipalities located in: Comapa, Coscomatepec, Huatusco, Ixhuatlán del café, Sochiapa, Tenampa, Tomatlán, Totutla, Tlaltetela, Tlacotepec, and Zentla, during 2020. Descriptive statistics and trend measurements were obtained. Results. At objective level the QL was found to be low, but at the farmers’ subjective level, it was determined to be acceptable. In the objective assessment, it was identified that the SP have minimal education (primary), the income is not adequate (they require activities outside the farm with an average net annual income of US $ 416 to US $ 1115), the cost of health has increased (due to the COVID-19 pandemic), and proper nutrition is lacking (19 to 25 meals per month). In the subjective assessment there is insecurity and distrust with the government authorities, however, the producers have adapted to living in adverse socioeconomic contexts, since they value community life, intra-family relationships and their environment (coffee growing), which could be influenced by their own worldview. Conclusion. With or without knowledge of the concept of quality, producers have developed a learned or acquired capacity, both individually and collectively to adapt to the environment. Objectively, the quality of life is considered low, however, the interviewees had a perception of satisfaction both individually and collectively. Introducción. La Región de las Altas Montañas (RAMVER) es la de mayor importancia productiva y socioeconómica para el cultivo del café del estado de Veracruz, México y una de las más representativas del sector a nivel nacional. Objetivo. Determinar la calidad de vida (CV) desde el punto de vista objetivo y subjetivo de los pequeños productores (PP) de café en la RAMVER, México. Materiales y métodos. Se aplicaron 150 entrevistas semiestructuradas a productores en once municipios ubicados en: Comapa, Coscomatepec, Huatusco, Ixhuatlán del café, Sochiapa, Tenampa, Tomatlán, Totutla, Tlaltetela, Tlacotepec y Zentla, durante el año 2020. Se obtuvo estadística descriptiva y medidas de tendencias central. Resultados. En el nivel objetivo, la CV se encontró baja, pero en el nivel subjetivo de los agricultores, se determinó como aceptable. En la valoración objetiva se identificó que los PP tienen educación mínima (primaria), el ingreso no es el adecuado (requieren realizar alguna actividad extra a la agrícola con un ingreso promedio anual neto de US $ 416 a US $1115); el costo de la salud se incrementó (por pandemia COVID-19) y se carece de una alimentación apropiada (19 a 25 comidas por mes). En la valoración subjetiva existe inseguridad y desconfianza con las autoridades gubernamentales, sin embargo, los productores se han adaptado a vivir en contextos socioeconómicos adversos, ya que valoran la vida en comunidad, las relaciones intrafamiliares y su entorno (la cafeticultura), esto pudiese estar influenciado por su propia cosmovisión. Conclusiones. Con o sin conocimiento sobre el concepto de calidad, los productores han desarrollado una capacidad aprendida o adquirida en lo individual y en lo colectivo para adaptarse al entorno. A nivel objetivo, la calidad de vida se consideró como baja, no obstante, los entrevistados tuvieron una percepción de satisfacción tanto en lo individual como en lo colectivo.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Agronomía Mesoameric...arrow_drop_down
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    Agronomía Mesoamericana
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Mariana Homem de Mello Santos; Gerson Nakazato; Thiago Hideo Endo; Renata Katsuko Takayama Kobayashi;

    Silver nanoparticles have been extensively researched and have several applications such as antimicrobial and anticancer, and can be used in the agricultural, biomedical, pharmaceutical, textile area, among others, but its toxicity is still little understood. Nanoparticles can measure between 1 – 100 nm and the most currently studied is the silver nanoparticle (AgNP). The main methods of synthesis are the chemical and the biogenic pathway, or green, which is less environmentally polluting, more environmentally friendly, and simpler, although standardization is more complex. Morphological and physical-chemical characteristics differ according to the synthesis method and, consequently, present different degrees of toxicity. Nanotoxicology studies the toxicity of nanoparticles on living organisms and scientists seek to know about the physical-chemical properties and their influence on interaction with the environment. It is known that there are several parameters that influence toxicity, such as dose, particle size, shape, morphology, surface chemistry, agglomeration/aggregation state, synthesis method, cell type and organism in which it is tested. Therefore, this article aims to address the main ways of synthesis of AgNPs, discuss the advantages and disadvantages of each method, the parameters that influence toxicity and examples of studies. As nanopartículas de prata têm sido extensivamente pesquisadas e possuem diversas aplicações, como antimicrobiano e anticâncer, podem ser usadas nas áreas: agropecuária, biomédica, farmacêutica, têxtil, entre outras. Contudo, sua toxicidade ainda é pouco entendida. As nanopartículas podem apresentar tamanhos entre 1 – 100 nm, e a mais estudada atualmente é a de prata (AgNP). Os principais métodos de síntese são: químico e biogênico, ou “verde”, a qual é menos poluente ao meio ambiente, sustentável e simples, apesar da padronização ser mais complexa. As características morfológicas e físico-químicas se diferenciam de acordo com o método de síntese e, consequentemente, apresentam diferentes graus de toxicidade. A nanotoxicologia estuda a toxicidade das nanopartículas sobre os organismos vivos e os cientistas buscam saber a respeito das propriedades físico-químicas e sua influência na interação com o meio ambiente. Sabe-se que há diversos parâmetros que influenciam na toxicidade, como, concentração, tamanho da partícula, forma, morfologia, química da superfície, estado de aglomeração/agregação, método de síntese e o tipo de célula que é utilizada. Portanto, esta revisão visa abordar as principais vias de síntese das AgNPs, discutir as vantagens e desvantagens de cada método, os parâmetros que influenciam na toxicidade e exemplos de estudos.

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    Pesquisa Agropecuária Gaúcha
    Article . 2022 . Peer-reviewed
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    Pesquisa Agropecuária Gaúcha
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      Pesquisa Agropecuária Gaúcha
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    Authors: José Hugo Simplicio de Sousa; Amanda Rezende Moreira; Abdalan Andrade do Nascimento; George do Nascimento Ribeiro; +2 Authors

    Human activities modify the natural characteristics of numerous watersheds worldwide. Google Earth Engine provides tools for the analysis of land use and natural resources. In this work, we classify current land use and cover in the Sucuru watershed, Paraíba, Brazil. We compared the accuracy of five supervised classification algorithms of Google Earth Engine. Classifiers based on Decision Trees, such as the Classification and Regression Trees (CART) and Random Forest (RF), showed the best accuracy and visual inspection values. The Google Earth Engine is a powerful tool for analysis of large-scale environmental data, monitoring land use changes, and providing information for sustainable management. Através das ações antrópicas inadequadas ao longo dos anos na bacia hidrográfica do Alto Curso do Rio Paraíba, onde vem passando por mudanças no ecossistema. Geotecnologias têm contribuido nas pesquisas propiciando a incorporação de informações dos sistemas naturais. O objetivo deste trabalho foi classificar o uso e cobertura da terra atual. Foi utilizado cincos classificadores de classificação supervisionada disponíveis no Google Earth Engine. Os resultados demonstraram que dois classificadores baseados em Árvore de Decisão Classification and Regression Trees (CART) e Random Forest (RF) desempenharam excelentes resultados, entretanto o classificador (CART) se destacou tanto pelo os melhores índices quanto na inspeção visual. O GEE demonstrou ser uma plataforma muito eficaz para a realização do mapeamento do uso e cobertura da terra na área. Através das ações antrópicas inadequadas ao longo dos anos na bacia hidrográfica do Alto Curso do Rio Paraíba, onde vem passando por mudanças no ecossistema. Geotecnologias têm contribuido nas pesquisas propiciando a incorporação de informações dos sistemas naturais. O objetivo deste trabalho foi classificar o uso e cobertura da terra atual. Foi utilizado cincos classificadores de classificação supervisionada disponíveis no Google Earth Engine. Os resultados demonstraram que dois classificadores baseados em Árvore de Decisão Classification and Regression Trees (CART) e Random Forest (RF) desempenharam excelentes resultados, entretanto o classificador (CART) se destacou tanto pelo os melhores índices quanto na inspeção visual. O GEE demonstrou ser uma plataforma muito eficaz para a realização do mapeamento do uso e cobertura da terra na área.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Revista Verde de Agr...arrow_drop_down
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    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Revista Verde de Agr...arrow_drop_down
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    Authors: Pincay-Ronquillo, Wellington; López-Bósquez, Jonathan; Espinosa-Cunuhay, Kleber; Durán-Mera, Christian Alejandro; +1 Authors

    To strengthen the supply of basic food for the population in the canton La Maná, the horticultural orchards project was developed in urban and rural communities in the canton La Maná, Cotopaxi province, Ecuador. With the participation of 25 Agronomy students from the Universidad Técnica de Cotopaxi (La Maná extension), the intervention was made in the design, installation, and management of horticultural orchards in 11 localities. As a product of the project, in the participating communities, families were able to implement horticultural orchards in their homes, increasing the immediate availability of basic foods for family consumption. As a product of the project, in the participating localities, it was achieved that at the urban and rural level the acceptance of the horticultural orchards was given in equal proportion. However, close to 100% of men in rural areas are willing to collaborate in horticultural activities, a contrary situation that was observed at the urban level. On the other hand, regardless of gender, there was greater interest in the production of vegetables at the rural level with respect to the urban area. Con la finalidad de fortalecer el suministro de alimentos básicos para la población del cantón La Maná, se desarrolló el proyecto de huertos hortícolas en siete comunidades urbanas y cuatro rurales del cantón La Maná, provincia de Cotopaxi, Ecuador. Con la participación de 25 estudiantes de la carrera de Agronomía de la Universidad Técnica de Cotopaxi (extensión La Maná), se intervino en el diseño, instalación y manejo de huertos hortícolas en 11 localidades. Como producto del proyecto, en las localidades participantes, se logró que las familias implementen huertos hortícolas en sus hogares, incrementado la disponibilidad inmediata de alimentos básicos para el consumo familiar. Como producto del proyecto, en las localidades participantes, se logró que a nivel urbano y rural la aceptación de los huertos hortícola se dio en igual proporción. Sin embargo, cerca del 100% de los hombres de la zona rural está dispuesto a colaborar en actividades hortícolas, situación contraria situación contraria que se observó a nivel urbano. Por otro lado, sin considerar el género, hubo un mayor interés en la producción de hortalizas a nivel rural con respecto a la zona urbana. Para fortalecer o abastecimento de alimentos básicos para a população do cantão La Maná, o projeto hortas foi desenvolvido em comunidades urbanas e rurais do cantão La Maná, província de Cotopaxi, Equador. Com a participação de 25 estudantes de Agronomia da Universidade Técnica de Cotopaxi (extensão La Maná), a intervenção foi realizada no projeto, instalação e gestão de hortas em 11 localidades. Como produto do projeto, nas comunidades participantes, as famílias puderam implantar hortas em suas residências, aumentando a disponibilidade imediata de alimentos básicos para o consumo familiar. Como produto do projeto, nas localidades participantes, conseguiu-se que a nível urbano e rural a aceitação dos pomares hortícolas se desse em igual proporção. No entanto, cerca de 100% dos homens do meio rural estão dispostos a colaborar nas atividades hortícolas, situação contrária à observada no âmbito urbano. Por outro lado, independentemente do gênero, houve maior interesse pela produção de hortaliças na zona rural em relação à zona urbana.

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    Authors: Fábio Henrique Rojo Baio; Dthenifer Cordeiro Santana; Larissa Pereira Ribeiro Teodoro; Izabela Cristina de Oliveira; +5 Authors

    Predicting maize yield using spectral information, temperature, and different irrigation management through machine learning algorithms provide information in a fast, accurate, and non-destructive way. The use of multispectral sensor data coupled with irrigation management in maize allows further exploration of water behavior and its relationship with changes in spectral bands presented by the crop. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate, by means of multivariate statistics and machine learning techniques, the relationship between irrigation management and spectral bands in predicting maize yields. Field experiments were carried out over two seasons (first and second seasons) in a randomized block design with four treatments (control and three additional irrigation levels) and eighteen sample repetitions. The response variables analyzed were vegetation indices (IVs) and crop yield (GY). Measurement of spectral wavelengths was performed with the Sensefly eBee RTK, with autonomous flight control. The eBee was equipped with the Parrot Sequoia multispectral sensor acquiring reflectance at the wavelengths of green (550 nm ± 40 nm), red (660 nm ± 40 nm), red-edge (735 nm ± 10 nm), and NIR (790 nm ± 40 nm). The blue length (496 nm) was obtained by additional RGB imaging. Data were subjected to Pearson correlations (r) between the evaluated variables represented by a correlation and scatter plot. Subsequently, the canonical analysis was performed to verify the interrelationship between the variables evaluated. Data were also subjected to machine learning (ML) analysis, in which three different input dataset configurations were tested: using only irrigation management (IR), using irrigation management and spectral bands (SB+IR), and using irrigation management, spectral bands, and temperature (IR+SB+Temp). ML models used were: Artificial Neural Network (ANN), M5P Decision Tree (J48), REPTree Decision Tree (REPT), Random Forest (RF), and Support Vector Machine (SVM). A multiple linear regression (LR) was tested as a control model. Our results revealed that Random Forest has higher accuracy in predicting grain yield in maize, especially when associated with the inputs SB+IR and SB+IR+Temp.

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    Authors: Fernando Watson-Hernández; Valeria Serrano-Núñez; Natalia Gómez-Calderón; Rouverson Pereira da Silva;

    Climate change is a variation in the normal behavior of the climate. These variations and their effects will be seen in the coming years, the most imminent being anomalous fluctuations in atmospheric temperature and precipitation. This scenario is counterproductive for agricultural production. This study evaluated the effect of climate change on oil palm production for conditions in the Central Pacific of Costa Rica, in three simulation scenarios: the baseline between the years 2000 and 2019, a first climate change scenario from 2040 to 2059 (CCS1), and a second one from 2080 to 2099 (CCS2), using the modeling framework APSIM, and the necessary water requirements were established as an adaptive measure for the crop with the irrigation module. A decrease in annual precipitation of 5.55% and 7.86% and an increase in the average temperature of 1.73 °C and 3.31 °C were identified, generating a decrease in production yields of 7.86% and 37.86%, concerning the Baseline, in CCS1 and CCS2, respectively. Irrigation made it possible to adapt the available water conditions in the soil to maintain the baseline yields of the oil palm crop for the proposed climate change scenarios.

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    Authors: da Silva Lopes, Estefane; Emanuela Ribeiro Horta, Karla; Campos, Marcus André Siqueira;

    No período recente, as mudanças climáticas globais verificadas pelo aumento da temperatura decorrente de ações antrópicas é uma das principais problemáticas ambientais. Em se tratando do aumento de temperatura entre áreas urbanas e rurais, numa escala local ou regional, os estudos tendem a avaliar o fenômeno das ilhas de calor. Compreender a importância do estudo das ilhas de calor urbanas, suas principais investigações e ocorrências podem contribuir para análise do fenômeno nos países de urbanização tardia. Sendo assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi investigar , por meio de uma análise cienciométrica, o estado da arte das pesquisas de ilha de calor entre os anos de 2000 a 2020. A partir das definições iniciais, obteve-se uma triagem de 169 artigos. Para esse universo foi avaliada toda a produção científica; incluindo país, ano, autores, instituições, palavras-chave, jornal (fator de impacto), clima, população e área geográfica. A metodologia empregada permite afirmar que o número de publicações relacionadas a ilhas de calor urbanas tem aumentado constantemente desde 2000. O país que mais se destacou foi a China, responsável por cerca de 40% do total dos artigos sobre ilhas de calor urbanas. Chinese Academy of Sciences e Nanjing University, foram as duas Universidades da China em que mais publicaram artigos sobre ilhas de calor urbanas. A modelagem continua sendo o principal método, e o uso de ferramentas de sensoriamento remoto vem cada vez mais tomando destaque. En el período reciente, el aumento de la temperatura global verificado por el período del cambio climático es uno de los principales cambios ambientales. Cuando se trata del aumento de la temperatura urbana entre áreas y áreas rurales, a escala local o regional, los estudios tienden a evaluar el fenómeno de la isla de calor. Comprender la importancia urbana del calor, sus principales industrias y la investigación puede contribuir al análisis del fenómeno en países con urbanización tardía. Para ello, se desarrolló una cienciometría sobre los estudios que se centraron en este análisis temático en el período de 2000 a 2020, cuya investigación resultó en 169 artículos. Toda la producción fue para este universo; incluyendo país, año, autores, instituciones, palabras clave, revista (factor de impacto), clima, población y área geográfica. La metodología utilizada permite afirmar que el número urbano de publicaciones relacionadas con las islas de calor urbanas ha aumentado constantemente en el año 2000. El país que más se destacó fue China, responsable de alrededor del 40% del número total de artículos sobre islas de calor. La Academia de Ciencias de China, la Universidad de Nanjing, fueron las dos universidades de China que publicaron la mayor cantidad de artículos sobre islas de calor urbanas. El modelado sigue siendo el método principal, y el uso de herramientas de teledetección se destaca cada vez más. In the recent period, increase in global temperature verified by the period of climate change is one of the main environmental changes. When it comes to the increase in urban temperature between areas and rural areas, on a local or regional scale, studies tend to assess the heat island phenomenon. Understanding the urban importance of heat, its main industries and research can contribute to the analysis of the phenomenon in countries with late urbanization. For, a scientometric was developed on the studies that focused on this thematic analysis in the period from 2000 to 2020, whose research resulted in 169 articles. The entire production went to this universe; including country, year, authors, institutions, keywords, journal (impact factor), climate, population and geographic area. The methodology used allows us to state that the urban number of publications related to urban heat islands has increased constantly in 2000. The country that stood out the most was China, responsible for about 40% of the total number of articles on heat islands. Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing University, were the two universities in China that published the most articles on urban heat islands. Modeling remains the main method, and the use of remote sensing tools is increasingly highlighted.

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    Authors: Petta, A.; Lavilla, M.;

    Introduction. Barley (Hordeum vulgare) net blotch (MR) causes yield losses estimated between 23 % to 44 %, as well as its malting quality. Objective. To evaluate over time the evolution of net blotch in different malting barley cultivars with and without application of foliar fungicide, associating it with yield and malting quality. Materials and methods. The trial was carried out during 2017 at the experimental field Universidad Nacional del Noroeste of the Buenos Aires province, in the city of Junín (Bs. As., Argentina) with an experimental block design with a 5x2 factorial arrangement and three repetitions, with randomization within blocks. Factor 1 was the cultivars and factor 2 was the foliar fungicide treatment. The pathometric variables incidence and severity were used to calculate the intensity of the MR and subsequently the area under the disease intensity progress curve (ABCPIE). Results. There was no interaction between cultivars and foliar fungicide application. The application of the foliar fungicide allowed a decrease in the ABCPIE in all the cultivars evaluated. Caliper was significantly associated (R2=0.67; p<0.0001) and inversely proportional to ABCPIE. Conclusions. The temporal evolution of the MR depended on the cultivar. Sinfonia had the lowest ABCPIE compared to the other cultivars evaluated. The application of foliar fungicide significantly reduced the evolution of MR over time. The disease influenced yield components and industrial quality of malting barley. Introducción. La mancha en red (MR) de la cebada (Hordeum vulgare), provoca mermas de rendimiento estimadas entre 23 % y 44 %, además afecta su calidad maltera. Objetivo. Evaluar en el tiempo la evolución de la mancha en red en diferentes cultivares de cebada cervecera con y sin aplicación de fungicida foliar, asociándola con el rendimiento y la calidad maltera. Materiales y métodos. El ensayo se llevó a cabo durante el 2017 en el campo experimental Universidad Nacional del Noroeste de la provincia de Buenos Aires, de la ciudad de Junín (Bs. As., Argentina), con un diseño experimental en bloques con arreglo factorial 5x2 y tres repeticiones, con aleatorización al azar dentro de los bloques. El factor 1 fueron los cultivares y el factor 2 fue el tratamiento con fungicida foliar. Se utilizaron las variables patométricas incidencia y severidad, con las cuales se calculó la intensidad de la MR y a posteriori el área bajo la curva del progreso de la intensidad de la enfermedad (ABCPIE). Resultados. No hubo interacción entre cultivares y la aplicación de fungicida foliar. La aplicación del fungicida foliar permitió una disminución del ABCPIE en todos los cultivares evaluados. El calibre se encontró asociado significativamente (R2=0,67; p<0,0001) e inversamente proporcional al ABCPIE. Conclusiones. La evolución temporal de la MR dependió del cultivar, sinfonía tuvo la menor el ABCPIE respecto a los demás cultivares evaluados. La aplicación de fungicida foliar redujo significativamente la evolución de la MR en el tiempo. La enfermedad influyó sobre los componentes de rendimiento y la calidad industrial de la cebada cervecera.

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    Agronomía Mesoamericana
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    Agronomía Mesoamericana
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    Authors: Jobson Louis Almeida Brandão; Valmira Perucchi; Gustavo Henrique de Araújo Freire;

    RESUMO Introdução: O desenvolvimento de políticas públicas mais assertivas em bibliotecas, de acordo com as dinâmicas de teletrabalho que estão a se constituir, é um debate imprescindível ao campo da Ciência da Informação. Objetivo: O presente artigo discute a evolução das bibliotecas educativas públicas em espaços de trabalho remoto, para servir a uma comunidade de profissionais que trabalham e se comunicam em rede. Metodologia: Metodologicamente, a pesquisa é de nível exploratório, abordagem qualitativa, desenvolvida por meio de pesquisa bibliográfica, a partir dos dados de uma pesquisa de doutorado que utiliza o método Ciência-Ação. Resultados: Os resultados destacam a possibilidade de inovação por meio do trabalho remoto no serviço público federal, sobretudo com o advento do Decreto 11.072, de 17 de maio de 2022; a oportunidade de inovar no setor público com um serviço promissor desempenhado pelas bibliotecas educativas públicas em institutos federais; e a indissociabilidade entre agendas de trabalho e de pesquisa, tanto quanto entre o desenvolvimento social e a transformação digital. Conclusão: Conclui-se que os caminhos para a transformação digital no mundo do trabalho podem se tornar ainda mais produtivos, inovadores, rentáveis e sustentáveis, quando se busca o investimento contínuo e adequado em infraestrutura de bibliotecas que cumprem função educativa e são de natureza pública; e em políticas que assegurem a atuação do bibliotecário como agente de inovação em institutos federais. ABSTRACT Introduction: The development of more assertive public policies in libraries, in accordance with the dynamics of telecommuting that are being created, is an essential debate in the field of Information Science. Objective: This article discusses the evolution of public educational libraries in telecommuting to serve a community of professionals who work and communicate in a network. Methodology: Methodologically, the research has an exploratory level, a qualitative approach, developed through bibliographical research and elaborated from the data of a doctoral research that uses the action science method. Results: The results highlight the possibility of innovation through remote work in the federal public service, especially with the advent of Decree 11,072, of May 17, 2022; the opportunity to innovate in the public sector with a promising service performed by public educational libraries at federal institutes; and the inseparability between work and research agendas, as well as between social development and digital transformation. Conclusion: It is concluded that the paths for the digital transformation in the world of work can become even more productive, innovative, profitable and sustainable, when the continuous and adequate investment in library infrastructure that fulfills an educational function and is of a public nature is sought; and in policies that ensure the performance of librarians as agents of innovation in federal institutes.

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    RDBCI: Revista Digital de Biblioteconomia e Ciência da Informação
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      RDBCI: Revista Digital de Biblioteconomia e Ciência da Informação
      Article . 2022 . Peer-reviewed
      License: CC BY
      Data sources: Crossref
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    Authors: Fredy E. García Castro; Catalina Medrano-Galarza; Jaime A. Cubides-Cárdenas; Aldemar Zúñiga López; +1 Authors

    Introduction. Research focused on listening and understanding public attitudes towards farm animal welfare is proliferating globally. Objective. To determine how consumers in Colombia perceive the welfare of farm animals and socio-demographic factors associated with such perceptions. Materials and methods. A descriptive and analytical epidemiological study was done through the implementation of a cross-sectional national online survey, conducted from September to October-2021, to obtain information on the knowledge and attitudes of consumers (≥18 years) in Colombia regarding farm animal welfare, as well as socio-demographic characteristics (sex, age, education, occupation, location, growing-up environment, level of contact with livestock farms, and diet). Logistic and multinomial logistic regression models were used to evaluate associations of demographic factors with the level of importance given to animal welfare (AW), perceptions about needs, behavior, and sentience in farm animals, and perceptions about the state and promotion of AW in Colombia. Results. Responses from 798 participants were included in the analysis, 85.57 % saw AW as a concept that refers to how to treat animals and improve their quality of life. The level of importance given to AW was 9.78±0.85 (scale from 0 to 10) and was associated with words such as health, food, caring, respect, and comfort. Sex, age, education, level of contact with a farm, and growing-up in rural areas significantly influenced the opinions regarding the concept of AW and the promotion of farm animal welfare in Colombia. Conclusion. The participants showed concern about farm animal welfare. The differences found associated with the different socio-demographic factors can be used as a basis for formulating education and empowerment strategies that help modulate changes in the way animals are seen, and what welfare means and what it implies. Introducción. El bienestar animal tiene como objetivo mejorar la calidad de vida de los animales que están bajo cuidado humano, por eso es importante escuchar y entender las actitudes públicas hacia el bienestar en animales de producción. Objetivo. Determinar cómo los consumidores en Colombia perciben el bienestar en animales de producción y factores sociodemográficos asociados a dichas percepciones. Materiales y métodos. Se realizó un estudio epidemiológico descriptivo y analítico mediante la aplicación de una encuesta transversal nacional en línea, realizada de septiembre a octubre de 2021, para obtener información sobre conocimientos y actitudes de consumidores (≥18 años) en Colombia, respecto al bienestar en animales de producción, así como características sociodemográficas (sexo, edad, educación, ocupación, ubicación, entorno de crecimiento, nivel de contacto con fincas y dieta). Se utilizaron modelos de regresión logística y logística multinomial para evaluar asociaciones de factores demográficos con el nivel de importancia dado al bienestar animal (BA), percepciones sobre necesidades, comportamiento y sintiencia animal, y percepciones sobre el estado y promoción del BA en Colombia. Resultados. Respuestas de 798 participantes fueron analizadas; 85,57% vio al BA como un concepto que refiere a cómo tratar a los animales y mejorar su calidad de vida. El nivel de importancia dado al BA fue 9,78±0,85 (escala de 0 a 10) y se asoció con palabras como salud, alimentación, cuidado, respeto y comodidad. Sexo, edad, educación, nivel de contacto con una finca y crecer en zonas rurales, influenciaron significativamente las opiniones sobre el concepto de BA y la promoción del bienestar en animales de producción en Colombia. Conclusión. Los participantes mostraron preocupación por el bienestar de animales de producción. Las diferencias encontradas asociadas a factores sociodemográficos pueden servir de base para formular estrategias de educación y empoderamiento que ayuden a modular cambios en el cómo se ve a los animales y en lo significa e implica su bienestar.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Agronomía Mesoameric...arrow_drop_down
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    Agronomía Mesoamericana
    Article . 2022
    Data sources: DOAJ
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      Agronomía Mesoamericana
      Article . 2022
      Data sources: DOAJ
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    Authors: Erika M. Gasperín-García; Diego Esteban Platas-Rosado; Pedro Zetina-Córdoba; Julio Vilaboa-Arroniz; +1 Authors

    Introduction. The High Mountain Region (RHM) is the most productive and socioeconomic region for the coffee cultivation in the state of Veracruz, Mexico, and one of the most representative of the sector at the national level. Objective. To determine the quality of life (QL) from the objective and subjective point of view of the small coffee producers (SP) in RHM, Mexico. Materials and methods. One hundred and fifty semi-structured interviews were applied to producers in eleven municipalities located in: Comapa, Coscomatepec, Huatusco, Ixhuatlán del café, Sochiapa, Tenampa, Tomatlán, Totutla, Tlaltetela, Tlacotepec, and Zentla, during 2020. Descriptive statistics and trend measurements were obtained. Results. At objective level the QL was found to be low, but at the farmers’ subjective level, it was determined to be acceptable. In the objective assessment, it was identified that the SP have minimal education (primary), the income is not adequate (they require activities outside the farm with an average net annual income of US $ 416 to US $ 1115), the cost of health has increased (due to the COVID-19 pandemic), and proper nutrition is lacking (19 to 25 meals per month). In the subjective assessment there is insecurity and distrust with the government authorities, however, the producers have adapted to living in adverse socioeconomic contexts, since they value community life, intra-family relationships and their environment (coffee growing), which could be influenced by their own worldview. Conclusion. With or without knowledge of the concept of quality, producers have developed a learned or acquired capacity, both individually and collectively to adapt to the environment. Objectively, the quality of life is considered low, however, the interviewees had a perception of satisfaction both individually and collectively. Introducción. La Región de las Altas Montañas (RAMVER) es la de mayor importancia productiva y socioeconómica para el cultivo del café del estado de Veracruz, México y una de las más representativas del sector a nivel nacional. Objetivo. Determinar la calidad de vida (CV) desde el punto de vista objetivo y subjetivo de los pequeños productores (PP) de café en la RAMVER, México. Materiales y métodos. Se aplicaron 150 entrevistas semiestructuradas a productores en once municipios ubicados en: Comapa, Coscomatepec, Huatusco, Ixhuatlán del café, Sochiapa, Tenampa, Tomatlán, Totutla, Tlaltetela, Tlacotepec y Zentla, durante el año 2020. Se obtuvo estadística descriptiva y medidas de tendencias central. Resultados. En el nivel objetivo, la CV se encontró baja, pero en el nivel subjetivo de los agricultores, se determinó como aceptable. En la valoración objetiva se identificó que los PP tienen educación mínima (primaria), el ingreso no es el adecuado (requieren realizar alguna actividad extra a la agrícola con un ingreso promedio anual neto de US $ 416 a US $1115); el costo de la salud se incrementó (por pandemia COVID-19) y se carece de una alimentación apropiada (19 a 25 comidas por mes). En la valoración subjetiva existe inseguridad y desconfianza con las autoridades gubernamentales, sin embargo, los productores se han adaptado a vivir en contextos socioeconómicos adversos, ya que valoran la vida en comunidad, las relaciones intrafamiliares y su entorno (la cafeticultura), esto pudiese estar influenciado por su propia cosmovisión. Conclusiones. Con o sin conocimiento sobre el concepto de calidad, los productores han desarrollado una capacidad aprendida o adquirida en lo individual y en lo colectivo para adaptarse al entorno. A nivel objetivo, la calidad de vida se consideró como baja, no obstante, los entrevistados tuvieron una percepción de satisfacción tanto en lo individual como en lo colectivo.

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    Agronomía Mesoamericana
    Article . 2022
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      Agronomía Mesoamericana
      Article . 2022
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