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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Santiago Conti; Ana Eliza Villalba; Fernando Pablo Landini;

    Resumen La mejora en los procesos de innovación rural requiere optimizar el vínculo entre la investigación agropecuaria y la extensión rural. La mayoría de los autores que han estudiado dicho vínculo se han ocupado de resaltar la necesidad de una integración sinérgica entre ambos componentes. Sin embargo, estos estudios no han explicitado cuáles son los factores claves que facilitan dicha articulación junto con las propuestas para promover un vínculo armónico y eficiente. El presente trabajo identifica y sistematiza en la literatura sobre el tema los factores claves para un buen vínculo y las propuestas y abordajes para la vinculación de la investigación y la extensión. Para ello, se realizó una revisión sistemática de bibliografía en inglés, español y portugués. Como resultados, por un lado, se identificaron dos tipos de factores claves: los contextuales-institucionales y los subjetivos-relacionales; y, por otro, se caracterizaron dos tipos de propuestas orientadas al fortalecimiento del vínculo: los mecanismos estructurales/formales (o arreglos institucionales) y las medidas de gestión operativas o funcionales. Por último, se generó una discusión sobre las características principales de los factores y propuestas identificadas, concluyendo hacia limitaciones, interrogantes y desafíos para una mayor comprensión sobre el vínculo entre la investigación agropecuaria y la extensión rural.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Revista de Economia ...arrow_drop_down
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    Revista de Economia e Sociologia Rural
    Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
    License: CC BY
    Data sources: Crossref
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Revista de Economia ...arrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      Revista de Economia e Sociologia Rural
      Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
      License: CC BY
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Regis Luis Missio; Igor Kieling Severo; Lucas Candiotto; Felipe Candiotto; +6 Authors

    ABSTRACT: In integrated crop-livestock systems, overseeding annual summer pastures over grain crops can reduce forage shortages in autumn without altering grain production. This study evaluated the influence of pearl millet (Pennisetumglaucum L.) and sudangrass (Sorghum Sudanese) overseeded on a soybean (Glycine Max) crop or no-tillage seeding after soybean harvest on productive aspects of pasture. The experimental design was a randomized block with treatments in a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement (pearl millet or sudangrass, overseeding in the full seed stage (R6) of soybean crops or seeding them in a no-tillage system after soybean harvest) in two agricultural years. Pasture height, plant stand, tiller density, and forage production were higher in the first crop year. The overseeding strategy resulted in higher pasture height and foraged production in the first crop year and higher pasture utilization for the next two crop years. Under the no-tillage strategy, the plants stand more elevated in the first crop year, resulting in a higher tiller density in the second crop year. Pasture height, utilization period, and forage production did not differ among the forage species. Pearl millet had a more elevated plant stand, while sudangrass had a higher tiller density. Annual summer pasture overseeding of soybean crops increases the pasture utilization period and forage production in autumn.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Ciência Ruralarrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Ciência Rural
    Article . 2023
    Data sources: DOAJ
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Ciência Rural
    Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
    License: CC BY
    Data sources: Crossref
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Ciência Ruralarrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      Ciência Rural
      Article . 2023
      Data sources: DOAJ
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      Ciência Rural
      Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
      License: CC BY
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  • image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Authors: Micaela Medina; Magalí Pérez Flores; Luis J. Ritter; Juan F. Goya; +2 Authors

    Tree plantations can facilitate the establishment of native trees, thus providing opportunities for the ecological restoration or rehabilitation of degraded forest lands. Stand variables can influence the establishment of native tree species, but few studies have been carried out to determine how sapling growth response to stand variables varies among functionally different species. We evaluated the effect of stand age, stand basal area, tree density, and time since last logging on stem diameter growth rates, as well as the dependence of such effect on whole plant, stem, and leaf functional traits. We measured the stem diameter increment on 280 individuals of 22 species in permanent plots for a period of 2 years in araucaria ( Araucaria angustifolia (Bertol.) Kuntze) plantations in the Atlantic Forest, NE Argentina. Increasing all-species basal area and plantation age negatively affected the growth rates, and such effect tended to be higher in species with low wood density. Two functional axes independently explained growth rate differences between species in growth rate. Growth rates increase with decreasing wood density, increasing leaf phosphorus and potassium content, and decreasing specific leaf area. Among species that are similar in the traits associated with the first functional axis, plant growth increases with increasing leaf nitrogen content.

    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Canadian Journal of ...arrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Canadian Journal of Forest Research
    Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
    License: CSP TDM
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Canadian Journal of ...arrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      Canadian Journal of Forest Research
      Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
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  • image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Authors: Del Giorgio Solfa, Federico; De Oliveira, Sandra Cristina; Simonato, Fernando Rogelio;

    Este estudio investiga cómo las capacidades del comercio electrónico y las estrategias de marketing digital influyen conjuntamente en el desempeño empresarial en la industria del comercio electrónico, que ha experimentado un crecimiento sin precedentes impulsado por los avances tecnológicos y el cambio en el comportamiento de los consumidores. Las capacidades del comercio electrónico abarcan el uso de tecnología e infraestructura digital, mientras que se emplean estrategias de marketing digital para atraer y retener clientes en línea. El estudio examina el efecto de las capacidades del comercio electrónico a través de estrategias de marketing digital en la satisfacción y lealtad del cliente de la industria del comercio electrónico de los EAU. La investigación es descriptiva y explicativa y utiliza un cuestionario Likert estructurado de cinco escalas para recopilar datos de los gerentes de recursos humanos de 135 empresas de comercio electrónico con sede en los Emiratos Árabes Unidos. El análisis estadístico se realiza mediante modelos de ecuaciones estructurales. Los hallazgos resaltan la relación significativa de las variables del estudio. En consecuencia, los resultados de este estudio brindan información valiosa para las empresas de comercio electrónico, aclarando la necesidad de invertir en capacidades sólidas de comercio electrónico para respaldar esfuerzos efectivos de marketing digital. Además, la investigación subraya la importancia de adaptar las estrategias de marketing digital para alinearlas con objetivos comerciales y segmentos de clientes específicos. El estudio también contribuye a la literatura sobre transformación digital, al demostrar cómo las capacidades del negocio electrónico y las estrategias de marketing digital pueden permitir que las empresas de comercio electrónico se adapten y prosperen en el entorno digital dinámico y competitivo. Este estudo investiga como as capacidades de e-business e as estratégias de marketing digital influenciam conjuntamente o desempenho dos negócios no setor de comércio eletrônico, que tem experimentado um crescimento sem precedentes impulsionado pelos avanços tecnológicos e pelas mudanças no comportamento do consumidor. As capacidades de e-business abrangem o uso de tecnologia e infraestrutura digital, enquanto estratégias de marketing digital são empregadas para atrair e reter clientes online. O estudo examina o efeito das capacidades de e-business através de estratégias de marketing digital na satisfação e fidelidade do cliente da indústria de comércio eletrônico dos Emirados Árabes Unidos. A pesquisa é descritiva e explicativa e utiliza um questionário Likert estruturado de 5 escalas para coletar dados dos gerentes de RH de 135 empresas de comércio eletrônico sediadas nos Emirados Árabes Unidos. A análise estatística é realizada por meio de modelagem de equações estruturais. Os achados destacam a relação significativa das variáveis do estudo. Consequentemente, os resultados deste estudo fornecem informações valiosas para as empresas de comércio eletrónico, elucidando a necessidade de investir em capacidades robustas de e-business para apoiar esforços eficazes de marketing digital. Além disso, a pesquisa destaca a importância de adaptar estratégias de marketing digital para alinhá-las com objetivos de negócios e segmentos de clientes específicos. O estudo também contribui para a literatura sobre transformação digital, demonstrando como as capacidades de e-business e as estratégias de marketing digital podem permitir que as empresas de comércio eletrónico se adaptem e prosperem no ambiente digital dinâmico e competitivo. This study investigates how e-business capabilities and digital marketing strategies jointly influence business performance in the e-commerce industry, which has experienced unprecedented growth driven by technological advancements and changing consumer behavior. E-business capabilities encompass the use of technology and digital infrastructure, while digital marketing strategies are employed to attract and retain online customers. The study examines the effect of e-business capabilities through digital marketing strategies on the customer satisfaction and loyalty of UAE e-commerce industry. The research is descriptive and explanatory, and uses a structured 5-scale Likert questionnaire to collect data from the HR managers of 135 e-commerce companies based in UAE. The statistical analysis is performed using structural equation modeling. The findings highlight the significant relationship of the study variables. Consequently, the results of this study provide valuable insights for e-commerce businesses, elucidating the need to invest in robust e-business capabilities to support effective digital marketing efforts. Additionally, the research underscores the significance of tailoring digital marketing strategies to align with specific business objectives and customer segments. The study also contributes to the literature on digital transformation, by demonstrating how e-business capabilities and digital marketing strategies can enable e-commerce firms to adapt and thrive in the dynamic and competitive digital environment. Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) Universidad Nacional de La Plata

    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Servicio de Difusión...arrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Servicio de Difusión...arrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
  • image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Authors: Ghiani Echenique, Naiquen Martina; Coronel, Víctor;

    El sitio arqueológico Los Tres Ombúes (partido de Punta Indio, provincia de Buenos Aires) fue habitado por grupos cazadores-recolectores y ceramistas hace aproximadamente 1.000 años. Gran parte de las evidencias recuperadas corresponden a fragmentos cerámicos. El objetivo de este trabajo es caracterizar la morfología de las piezas representadas en Los Tres Ombúes mediante la reconstrucción virtual, para profundizar el conocimiento de la tecnología alfarera de los grupos humanos que habitaron el litoral rioplatense. Con tal fin fueron seleccionados tres fragmentos y tres unidades de remontaje correspondientes a seis vasijas diferentes, por presentar características propicias para la evaluación morfológica: una porción del labio que posibilite la medición del diámetro de boca y una representación del perfil que permita estimar la altura de la pieza mediante su proyección hacia el centro de la base (eje central). Para cada vasija se realizó una representación gráfica 2D a partir de fotografías a escala del perfil, con adición de las mencionadas proyecciones. Posteriormente, el dibujo fue replicado en Blender, donde la conversión a una malla tridimensional en la misma escala permitió generar el objeto 3D. La observación de las características morfológicas de las piezas permitió identificar formas mayormente no restringidas de contorno simple, mientras que el perfil restante evidencia una forma restringida simple dependiente con igual tipo de contorno. Estas corresponden a las categorías morfológicas de cuenco (n=3), escudilla (n=2) y vaso (n=1). También para cada caso se realizaron los cálculos de la capacidad o volumen bruto y de la masa del recipiente vacío. La reconstrucción virtual de las seis piezas representadas en el registro cerámico del sitio Los Tres Ombúes permitió explorar las características morfológicas y aportar a su percepción visual, lo cual implica un amplio potencial para la comunicación científica. Asimismo, los cálculos posibilitados por el programa aportaron datos significativos tendientes a la interpretación funcional del conjunto cerámico. Los Tres Ombúes archaeological site (Punta Indio, Buenos Aires province) was inhabited by pottery making hunter-gatherer groups about 1000 years ago. Many of the evidences recovered correspond to ceramic sherds. The aim of this article is to characterize the morphology of the ceramic vessels occurring at Los Tres Ombúes through virtual reconstruction, in order to enhance the knowledge of pottery technology used by the human groups that inhabited the coastal Río de la Plata. For this goal we selected three fragments and three reassembly units corresponding to six different vessels, based on their characteristics suitable for morphological evaluation: a portion of the lip to allow measurement of mouth diameter, and a representation of the profile that allows estimating height of the piece by its projection towards the center of the base (central axis). For each vessel, a 2D graphic representation was made from profile-scale photographs, with the addition of the aforementioned projections. Subsequently the drawing was replicated in Blender, where conversion to a three-dimensional mesh in the same scale allowed generating the 3D object. The observation of the morphological characteristics of the pieces allowed us to identify mostly unrestricted forms with a simple contour, while the remaining profile showed a simple restricted dependent form with the same type of contour. These correspond to the morphological categories of cuenco (n=3), escudilla (n=2) and vaso (n=1). Additionally, we calculated the capacity or gross volume and the mass of the empty container for each one. It should be noted that the virtual reconstruction of the six pieces represented in the ceramic record of the Los Tres Ombúes site allowed us to explore the morphological characteristics and contribute to their visual perception, which also entails great potential for scientific communication. Likewise, the calculations of volume and mass that the program allowed, provided significant data tending to the functional interpretation of the ceramic set. O sítio arqueológico Los Tres Ombúes (Partido de Punta Indio, província de Buenos Aires) era habitado por grupos de caçadores-coletores e ceramistas há aproximadamente 1.000 anos. Grande parte das evidências recuperadas correspondem a fragmentos cerâmicos. O objetivo deste trabalho é caracterizar a morfologia das peças representadas em Los Tres Ombúes através da reconstrução virtual, para aprofundar o conhecimento da tecnologia oleira dos grupos humanos que habitavam a costa do Rio da Prata. Para tanto, foram selecionados três fragmentos e três unidades de remontagem correspondentes a seis recipientes diferentes, por apresentarem características propícias à avaliação morfológica: uma porção do lábio que permite medir o diâmetro da boca e uma representação do perfil que permite estimar a altura da peça através da sua projeção em direção ao centro da base (eixo central). Para cada recipiente foi feita uma representação gráfica 2D a partir de fotografias em escala do perfil, com acréscimo das projeções citadas. Posteriormente, o desenho foi replicado no Blender, onde a conversão para uma malha tridimensional na mesma escala permitiu a geração do objeto 3D. A observação das características morfológicas das peças permitiu identificar formas majoritariamente irrestritas de contorno simples, enquanto o perfil restante apresenta uma forma restrita dependente simples com o mesmo tipo de contorno. Estas correspondem às categorias morfológicas de cuenco (n=3), escudilla (n=2) e vaso (n=1). Também para cada caso foram realizados cálculos da capacidade ou volume bruto e da massa do recipiente vazio. A reconstrução virtual das seis peças representadas no registo cerâmico do sítio Los Tres Ombúes permitiu explorar as características morfológicas e contribuir para a sua percepção visual, o que implica um amplo potencial de comunicação científica. Da mesma forma, os cálculos possibilitados pelo programa forneceram dados significativos voltados à interpretação funcional do conjunto cerâmico. Dossier: 5tas. Jornadas Nacionales de Investigación Cerámica Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo

    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Servicio de Difusión...arrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Servicio de Difusión...arrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
  • image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Authors: Orozco Monje, Juan Sebastián; Arce Santacruz, José Javier; Cerón Rios, Gineth Magaly;

    Hoy en día, muchos países han estado implementando sistemas de agricultura de precisión basados en el Internet de las Cosas (IoT), ya que son herramientas útiles para gestionar y supervisar la información de los cultivos para los agricultores. Existe una gran diversidad de enfoques que ayudan y facilitan a los productores la gestión de sus tierras agrícolas. Los sistemas IoT ofrecen capacidades de adaptación al entorno del usuario, por ejemplo, mediante la detección de datos a través de sensores inalámbricos u otros dispositivos. En agricultura, pueden apoyar la detección temprana de posibles alteraciones en los cultivos y prevenir pérdidas de producción, mejorando así la cantidad y calidad de la cosecha, teniendo en cuenta que cada cultivo requiere una intervención personalizada. Esta investigación tiene como objetivo proponer un sistema IoT para la gestión y monitoreo de las tierras agrícolas de las comunidades indígenas del Cauca, donde el acceso a Internet es limitado. El sistema se adapta a las necesidades del usuario, su información agrícola y ambiental, tiempo, ubicación y prácticas tradicionales. Este artículo presenta la arquitectura IoT y los modelos que se utilizaron para implementar y probar un prototipo llamado Food-Craft. Para el diseño de este sistema, existe una comunicación por satélite entre los puntos IoT con difícil acceso a Internet. Por otra parte, todos los datos de los sensores son recibidos con éxito por el mega Arduino y enviados a la base de datos con el ESP8266 para que se pueda acceder a ellos a través de la aplicación Android integrada y el sitio web. Nowadays, many countries have been implementing precision agricul-ture systems based on the Internet of Things (IoT) as they are useful tools to manage and monitor crop information for farmers. There is a wide diversity of approaches that help and facilitate producers to manage their agricultural land. IoT systems provide capabilities to adapt to the user's environment, for example by sensing data through wireless sensors or other devices. In agriculture, they can support the early detection of possible crop alterations and prevent production losses, thus improving the quantity and quality of the harvest, considering that each crop requires a personalized intervention. This research aims to propose an IoT system for the management and monitoring of the agricultural lands of the indigenous communities of Cauca, where Internet access is limited. The system adapts to the needs of the user, their agricultural and environmental information, time, location and traditional practices. This article introduces the IoT architec-ture and models, which were used to implement and test a prototype called Food-Craft. For the design of this system, there is satellite communication between IoT points with difficult access to the Internet. On the other hand, all sensor data is successfully received by the Arduino mega and sent to the database with the ESP8266 so that it can be accessed through the integrated Android app and web-site. Sociedad Argentina de Informática e Investigación Operativa

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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
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    Authors: Aziz Nurbekov; Muhammadjon Kosimov; Makhmud Shaumarov; Botir Khaitov; +3 Authors

    Soil productivity and crop yield were examined in response to legume-based short crop rotation under conventional (CT) and no-till (NT) tillage practices in saline meadow-alluvial soils of the arid region in Bukhara, Uzbekistan. Compared with the CT treatment, crop yield was consistently higher under NT, i.e., winter wheat 9.63%, millet 9.9%, chickpea 3.8%, and maize 10.7% at the first experiment cycle during 2019–2021. A further crop productivity increase was observed at the second experiment cycle during 2021–2023 under NT when compared to CT, i.e., winter wheat 17.7%, millet 31.2%, chickpea 19.6%, and maize 19.1%. An increase in total phyto residue by 20.9% and root residue by 25% under NT compared to CT contributed to the improvement in soil structure and played a vital role in the sustained improvement of crop yields. In turn, the increased residue retention under NT facilitated soil porosity, structural stability, and water retention, thereby improving soil quality and organic matter content. Soil salinity more significantly decreased under NT than in CT, reducing salinity buildup by 18.9% at the 0–25 cm and 32.9% at the 75–100 cm soil profiles compared to CT. The total forms N and P were significantly increased under NT when compared to CT, while the efficiency of the applied crop rotation was essential. This study showed the essential role of the NT method with legume-based intensive cropping in the maintenance of soil health and crop yield, thereby touching on recent advances in agro-biotechnology and the sustainable land management of drylands.

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    Agronomy
    Article . 2023
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    Agronomy
    Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
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      Agronomy
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    Authors: Bojin Yang; Shuang Liang; Huadong Guo; Xinwu Li; +3 Authors

    ABSTRACTHuman activities increase significantly over Antarctic ice shelves. However, they are constantly faced with danger posed by the harsh environment. For decision-making, it is a prerequisite to have the macro-scale suitability information about human activity site selection. Here, we define a new index, the human activity suitability (HAS) index, to quantitatively analyze the locational suitability of human activity sites over Antarctic ice shelves. Two multi-criteria decision analysis methods (AHP + Entropy, TOPSIS) and three machine learning methods (support vector machine, random forest and logistic regression) are tested to develop HAS maps. Nine conditioning factors about ice surface features, ice shelf stability, meteorology and topography are generated as input parameters. The accuracy of the proposed models is evaluated using metrics such as the area under curve (AUC-ROC), root mean square error, overall accuracy and kappa index. The results indicate that the Random Forest performs best. The HAS map exhibits great heterogeneity driven by the synergistic influence of multiple factors. Areas in low HAS classes are concentrated at Crosson, Brunt, Thwaites and the edge of some ice shelves, implying the complex environment in these regions. The findings can provide a new insight for forecasting the potential human footprint and support sustainability research in Antarctica.

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    International Journal of Digital Earth
    Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
    License: CC BY NC
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      International Journal of Digital Earth
      Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
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    Authors: Eleana Spavento; María Teresa de Troya-Franco; Luis Acuña-Rello; Mónica Murace; +6 Authors

    This study focuses on Populus euramericana (Dode) Guinier, a globally distributed fastgrowing tree. Despite its valuable wood, it exhibits low durability. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of a binary composite comprising silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and chitosan oligomers (COS) in protecting P. x euramericana ‘I-214’ wood against degradation caused by xylophagous fungi and termites through vacuum-pressure impregnation. The test material was carefully selected and conditioned following the guidelines of EN 350:2016, and impregnation was carried out in accordance with EN 113-1:2021. Five concentrations of AgNPs–COS composites were utilized. Biodeterioration resistance was evaluated based on EN 350:2016 for white (Trametes versicolor (L.) Lloyd) and brown (Coniophora puteana (Schumach.) P.Karst.) rot fungi, and EN 117:2012 for subterranean termites (Reticulitermis grassei Clément). The durability class and use class were assigned following EN 350:2016 and EN 335:2013, respectively. In comparison to the untreated control, the binary solution at its highest concentration (AgNPs 4 ppm + COS 20 g.L-1) demonstrated a notable reduction in weight loss, decreasing from 41.96 +- 4.49% to 30.15 +- 3.08% for white-rot fungi and from 41.93 +- 4.33% to 27.22 +- 0.66% for brown rot fungi. Furthermore, the observed termite infestation shifted from “heavy” to “attempted attack”, resulting in a decrease in the survival rate from 53.98 +- 10.40% to 26.62 +- 8.63%. Consequently, the durability classification of P. x euramericana I-214 witnessed an enhancement from “Not durable” to “Slightly” and “Moderately durable” concerning decay fungi and termites, respectively. These findings expand the potential applications of this wood and substantiate the advantages of employing this environmentally friendly treatment. Laboratorio de Investigaciones en Madera

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    Forests
    Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
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    Forests
    Article . 2023
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    DIGITAL.CSIC
    Article . 2023
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      Forests
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      Forests
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      DIGITAL.CSIC
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    Authors: Kärhä, Kalle; Seuri, Milla; Mac Donagh, Patricio; Acuna, Mauricio; +38 Authors

    The aim of the study was to provide a comprehensive overview of global long-distance road transportation of industrial roundwood. The study focused on the maximum gross vehicle weight (GVW) limits allowed with different timber truck configurations, typical payloads in timber trucking, the road transportation share of the total industrial roundwood long-distance transportation volume, and the average long-distance transportation distances and costs of industrial roundwood. The study was carried out as a questionnaire survey. The questionnaire was sent to timber transportation logistics experts and research scientists in the 30 countries with the largest industrial roundwood removals in Europe, as well as selected major forestry countries in the world (Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Canada, Chile, China, Japan, New Zealand, South Africa, Türkiye, the United States of America and Uruguay) in February 2022, and closed in May 2022. A total of 31 countries took part in the survey. The survey illustrated that timber trucking was the main long-distance transportation method of industrial roundwood in almost every country surveyed. Road transportation averaged 89% of the total industrial roundwood long-distance transportation volume. Timber truck configurations of 4 to 9 axles with GVW limits of around 30 tonnes to over 70 tonnes were most commonly used. The results indicated that higher GVW limits allowed significantly higher payloads in timber trucking, with the lowest payloads at less than 25 tonnes, and the highest payloads more than 45 tonnes. The average road transportation distance with industrial roundwood was 128 km, and the average long-distance transportation cost in timber trucking was €11.1 per tonne of timber transported. In the entire survey material, there was a direct relationship between transportation distance and transportation costs and an inverse relationship between maximum GVW limits and transportation costs. Consequently, in order to reduce transportation costs, it is essential to maximise payloads (within legal limits) and minimise haul distances. Several measures to increase cost- and energy-efficiency, and to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in road transportation logistics, are discussed in the paper. On the basis of the survey, it is recommended that up-to-date statistical data and novel research studies on the long-distance transportation of industrial roundwood be conducted in some countries in the future.

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    Croatian Journal of Forest Engineering
    Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
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      Croatian Journal of Forest Engineering
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Santiago Conti; Ana Eliza Villalba; Fernando Pablo Landini;

    Resumen La mejora en los procesos de innovación rural requiere optimizar el vínculo entre la investigación agropecuaria y la extensión rural. La mayoría de los autores que han estudiado dicho vínculo se han ocupado de resaltar la necesidad de una integración sinérgica entre ambos componentes. Sin embargo, estos estudios no han explicitado cuáles son los factores claves que facilitan dicha articulación junto con las propuestas para promover un vínculo armónico y eficiente. El presente trabajo identifica y sistematiza en la literatura sobre el tema los factores claves para un buen vínculo y las propuestas y abordajes para la vinculación de la investigación y la extensión. Para ello, se realizó una revisión sistemática de bibliografía en inglés, español y portugués. Como resultados, por un lado, se identificaron dos tipos de factores claves: los contextuales-institucionales y los subjetivos-relacionales; y, por otro, se caracterizaron dos tipos de propuestas orientadas al fortalecimiento del vínculo: los mecanismos estructurales/formales (o arreglos institucionales) y las medidas de gestión operativas o funcionales. Por último, se generó una discusión sobre las características principales de los factores y propuestas identificadas, concluyendo hacia limitaciones, interrogantes y desafíos para una mayor comprensión sobre el vínculo entre la investigación agropecuaria y la extensión rural.

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    Revista de Economia e Sociologia Rural
    Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
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      Revista de Economia e Sociologia Rural
      Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
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    Authors: Regis Luis Missio; Igor Kieling Severo; Lucas Candiotto; Felipe Candiotto; +6 Authors

    ABSTRACT: In integrated crop-livestock systems, overseeding annual summer pastures over grain crops can reduce forage shortages in autumn without altering grain production. This study evaluated the influence of pearl millet (Pennisetumglaucum L.) and sudangrass (Sorghum Sudanese) overseeded on a soybean (Glycine Max) crop or no-tillage seeding after soybean harvest on productive aspects of pasture. The experimental design was a randomized block with treatments in a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement (pearl millet or sudangrass, overseeding in the full seed stage (R6) of soybean crops or seeding them in a no-tillage system after soybean harvest) in two agricultural years. Pasture height, plant stand, tiller density, and forage production were higher in the first crop year. The overseeding strategy resulted in higher pasture height and foraged production in the first crop year and higher pasture utilization for the next two crop years. Under the no-tillage strategy, the plants stand more elevated in the first crop year, resulting in a higher tiller density in the second crop year. Pasture height, utilization period, and forage production did not differ among the forage species. Pearl millet had a more elevated plant stand, while sudangrass had a higher tiller density. Annual summer pasture overseeding of soybean crops increases the pasture utilization period and forage production in autumn.

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    Ciência Rural
    Article . 2023
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    Ciência Rural
    Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
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      Ciência Rural
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    Authors: Micaela Medina; Magalí Pérez Flores; Luis J. Ritter; Juan F. Goya; +2 Authors

    Tree plantations can facilitate the establishment of native trees, thus providing opportunities for the ecological restoration or rehabilitation of degraded forest lands. Stand variables can influence the establishment of native tree species, but few studies have been carried out to determine how sapling growth response to stand variables varies among functionally different species. We evaluated the effect of stand age, stand basal area, tree density, and time since last logging on stem diameter growth rates, as well as the dependence of such effect on whole plant, stem, and leaf functional traits. We measured the stem diameter increment on 280 individuals of 22 species in permanent plots for a period of 2 years in araucaria ( Araucaria angustifolia (Bertol.) Kuntze) plantations in the Atlantic Forest, NE Argentina. Increasing all-species basal area and plantation age negatively affected the growth rates, and such effect tended to be higher in species with low wood density. Two functional axes independently explained growth rate differences between species in growth rate. Growth rates increase with decreasing wood density, increasing leaf phosphorus and potassium content, and decreasing specific leaf area. Among species that are similar in the traits associated with the first functional axis, plant growth increases with increasing leaf nitrogen content.

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    Canadian Journal of Forest Research
    Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
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      Canadian Journal of Forest Research
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  • image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Authors: Del Giorgio Solfa, Federico; De Oliveira, Sandra Cristina; Simonato, Fernando Rogelio;

    Este estudio investiga cómo las capacidades del comercio electrónico y las estrategias de marketing digital influyen conjuntamente en el desempeño empresarial en la industria del comercio electrónico, que ha experimentado un crecimiento sin precedentes impulsado por los avances tecnológicos y el cambio en el comportamiento de los consumidores. Las capacidades del comercio electrónico abarcan el uso de tecnología e infraestructura digital, mientras que se emplean estrategias de marketing digital para atraer y retener clientes en línea. El estudio examina el efecto de las capacidades del comercio electrónico a través de estrategias de marketing digital en la satisfacción y lealtad del cliente de la industria del comercio electrónico de los EAU. La investigación es descriptiva y explicativa y utiliza un cuestionario Likert estructurado de cinco escalas para recopilar datos de los gerentes de recursos humanos de 135 empresas de comercio electrónico con sede en los Emiratos Árabes Unidos. El análisis estadístico se realiza mediante modelos de ecuaciones estructurales. Los hallazgos resaltan la relación significativa de las variables del estudio. En consecuencia, los resultados de este estudio brindan información valiosa para las empresas de comercio electrónico, aclarando la necesidad de invertir en capacidades sólidas de comercio electrónico para respaldar esfuerzos efectivos de marketing digital. Además, la investigación subraya la importancia de adaptar las estrategias de marketing digital para alinearlas con objetivos comerciales y segmentos de clientes específicos. El estudio también contribuye a la literatura sobre transformación digital, al demostrar cómo las capacidades del negocio electrónico y las estrategias de marketing digital pueden permitir que las empresas de comercio electrónico se adapten y prosperen en el entorno digital dinámico y competitivo. Este estudo investiga como as capacidades de e-business e as estratégias de marketing digital influenciam conjuntamente o desempenho dos negócios no setor de comércio eletrônico, que tem experimentado um crescimento sem precedentes impulsionado pelos avanços tecnológicos e pelas mudanças no comportamento do consumidor. As capacidades de e-business abrangem o uso de tecnologia e infraestrutura digital, enquanto estratégias de marketing digital são empregadas para atrair e reter clientes online. O estudo examina o efeito das capacidades de e-business através de estratégias de marketing digital na satisfação e fidelidade do cliente da indústria de comércio eletrônico dos Emirados Árabes Unidos. A pesquisa é descritiva e explicativa e utiliza um questionário Likert estruturado de 5 escalas para coletar dados dos gerentes de RH de 135 empresas de comércio eletrônico sediadas nos Emirados Árabes Unidos. A análise estatística é realizada por meio de modelagem de equações estruturais. Os achados destacam a relação significativa das variáveis do estudo. Consequentemente, os resultados deste estudo fornecem informações valiosas para as empresas de comércio eletrónico, elucidando a necessidade de investir em capacidades robustas de e-business para apoiar esforços eficazes de marketing digital. Além disso, a pesquisa destaca a importância de adaptar estratégias de marketing digital para alinhá-las com objetivos de negócios e segmentos de clientes específicos. O estudo também contribui para a literatura sobre transformação digital, demonstrando como as capacidades de e-business e as estratégias de marketing digital podem permitir que as empresas de comércio eletrónico se adaptem e prosperem no ambiente digital dinâmico e competitivo. This study investigates how e-business capabilities and digital marketing strategies jointly influence business performance in the e-commerce industry, which has experienced unprecedented growth driven by technological advancements and changing consumer behavior. E-business capabilities encompass the use of technology and digital infrastructure, while digital marketing strategies are employed to attract and retain online customers. The study examines the effect of e-business capabilities through digital marketing strategies on the customer satisfaction and loyalty of UAE e-commerce industry. The research is descriptive and explanatory, and uses a structured 5-scale Likert questionnaire to collect data from the HR managers of 135 e-commerce companies based in UAE. The statistical analysis is performed using structural equation modeling. The findings highlight the significant relationship of the study variables. Consequently, the results of this study provide valuable insights for e-commerce businesses, elucidating the need to invest in robust e-business capabilities to support effective digital marketing efforts. Additionally, the research underscores the significance of tailoring digital marketing strategies to align with specific business objectives and customer segments. The study also contributes to the literature on digital transformation, by demonstrating how e-business capabilities and digital marketing strategies can enable e-commerce firms to adapt and thrive in the dynamic and competitive digital environment. Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) Universidad Nacional de La Plata

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    Authors: Ghiani Echenique, Naiquen Martina; Coronel, Víctor;

    El sitio arqueológico Los Tres Ombúes (partido de Punta Indio, provincia de Buenos Aires) fue habitado por grupos cazadores-recolectores y ceramistas hace aproximadamente 1.000 años. Gran parte de las evidencias recuperadas corresponden a fragmentos cerámicos. El objetivo de este trabajo es caracterizar la morfología de las piezas representadas en Los Tres Ombúes mediante la reconstrucción virtual, para profundizar el conocimiento de la tecnología alfarera de los grupos humanos que habitaron el litoral rioplatense. Con tal fin fueron seleccionados tres fragmentos y tres unidades de remontaje correspondientes a seis vasijas diferentes, por presentar características propicias para la evaluación morfológica: una porción del labio que posibilite la medición del diámetro de boca y una representación del perfil que permita estimar la altura de la pieza mediante su proyección hacia el centro de la base (eje central). Para cada vasija se realizó una representación gráfica 2D a partir de fotografías a escala del perfil, con adición de las mencionadas proyecciones. Posteriormente, el dibujo fue replicado en Blender, donde la conversión a una malla tridimensional en la misma escala permitió generar el objeto 3D. La observación de las características morfológicas de las piezas permitió identificar formas mayormente no restringidas de contorno simple, mientras que el perfil restante evidencia una forma restringida simple dependiente con igual tipo de contorno. Estas corresponden a las categorías morfológicas de cuenco (n=3), escudilla (n=2) y vaso (n=1). También para cada caso se realizaron los cálculos de la capacidad o volumen bruto y de la masa del recipiente vacío. La reconstrucción virtual de las seis piezas representadas en el registro cerámico del sitio Los Tres Ombúes permitió explorar las características morfológicas y aportar a su percepción visual, lo cual implica un amplio potencial para la comunicación científica. Asimismo, los cálculos posibilitados por el programa aportaron datos significativos tendientes a la interpretación funcional del conjunto cerámico. Los Tres Ombúes archaeological site (Punta Indio, Buenos Aires province) was inhabited by pottery making hunter-gatherer groups about 1000 years ago. Many of the evidences recovered correspond to ceramic sherds. The aim of this article is to characterize the morphology of the ceramic vessels occurring at Los Tres Ombúes through virtual reconstruction, in order to enhance the knowledge of pottery technology used by the human groups that inhabited the coastal Río de la Plata. For this goal we selected three fragments and three reassembly units corresponding to six different vessels, based on their characteristics suitable for morphological evaluation: a portion of the lip to allow measurement of mouth diameter, and a representation of the profile that allows estimating height of the piece by its projection towards the center of the base (central axis). For each vessel, a 2D graphic representation was made from profile-scale photographs, with the addition of the aforementioned projections. Subsequently the drawing was replicated in Blender, where conversion to a three-dimensional mesh in the same scale allowed generating the 3D object. The observation of the morphological characteristics of the pieces allowed us to identify mostly unrestricted forms with a simple contour, while the remaining profile showed a simple restricted dependent form with the same type of contour. These correspond to the morphological categories of cuenco (n=3), escudilla (n=2) and vaso (n=1). Additionally, we calculated the capacity or gross volume and the mass of the empty container for each one. It should be noted that the virtual reconstruction of the six pieces represented in the ceramic record of the Los Tres Ombúes site allowed us to explore the morphological characteristics and contribute to their visual perception, which also entails great potential for scientific communication. Likewise, the calculations of volume and mass that the program allowed, provided significant data tending to the functional interpretation of the ceramic set. O sítio arqueológico Los Tres Ombúes (Partido de Punta Indio, província de Buenos Aires) era habitado por grupos de caçadores-coletores e ceramistas há aproximadamente 1.000 anos. Grande parte das evidências recuperadas correspondem a fragmentos cerâmicos. O objetivo deste trabalho é caracterizar a morfologia das peças representadas em Los Tres Ombúes através da reconstrução virtual, para aprofundar o conhecimento da tecnologia oleira dos grupos humanos que habitavam a costa do Rio da Prata. Para tanto, foram selecionados três fragmentos e três unidades de remontagem correspondentes a seis recipientes diferentes, por apresentarem características propícias à avaliação morfológica: uma porção do lábio que permite medir o diâmetro da boca e uma representação do perfil que permite estimar a altura da peça através da sua projeção em direção ao centro da base (eixo central). Para cada recipiente foi feita uma representação gráfica 2D a partir de fotografias em escala do perfil, com acréscimo das projeções citadas. Posteriormente, o desenho foi replicado no Blender, onde a conversão para uma malha tridimensional na mesma escala permitiu a geração do objeto 3D. A observação das características morfológicas das peças permitiu identificar formas majoritariamente irrestritas de contorno simples, enquanto o perfil restante apresenta uma forma restrita dependente simples com o mesmo tipo de contorno. Estas correspondem às categorias morfológicas de cuenco (n=3), escudilla (n=2) e vaso (n=1). Também para cada caso foram realizados cálculos da capacidade ou volume bruto e da massa do recipiente vazio. A reconstrução virtual das seis peças representadas no registo cerâmico do sítio Los Tres Ombúes permitiu explorar as características morfológicas e contribuir para a sua percepção visual, o que implica um amplo potencial de comunicação científica. Da mesma forma, os cálculos possibilitados pelo programa forneceram dados significativos voltados à interpretação funcional do conjunto cerâmico. Dossier: 5tas. Jornadas Nacionales de Investigación Cerámica Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo

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    Authors: Orozco Monje, Juan Sebastián; Arce Santacruz, José Javier; Cerón Rios, Gineth Magaly;

    Hoy en día, muchos países han estado implementando sistemas de agricultura de precisión basados en el Internet de las Cosas (IoT), ya que son herramientas útiles para gestionar y supervisar la información de los cultivos para los agricultores. Existe una gran diversidad de enfoques que ayudan y facilitan a los productores la gestión de sus tierras agrícolas. Los sistemas IoT ofrecen capacidades de adaptación al entorno del usuario, por ejemplo, mediante la detección de datos a través de sensores inalámbricos u otros dispositivos. En agricultura, pueden apoyar la detección temprana de posibles alteraciones en los cultivos y prevenir pérdidas de producción, mejorando así la cantidad y calidad de la cosecha, teniendo en cuenta que cada cultivo requiere una intervención personalizada. Esta investigación tiene como objetivo proponer un sistema IoT para la gestión y monitoreo de las tierras agrícolas de las comunidades indígenas del Cauca, donde el acceso a Internet es limitado. El sistema se adapta a las necesidades del usuario, su información agrícola y ambiental, tiempo, ubicación y prácticas tradicionales. Este artículo presenta la arquitectura IoT y los modelos que se utilizaron para implementar y probar un prototipo llamado Food-Craft. Para el diseño de este sistema, existe una comunicación por satélite entre los puntos IoT con difícil acceso a Internet. Por otra parte, todos los datos de los sensores son recibidos con éxito por el mega Arduino y enviados a la base de datos con el ESP8266 para que se pueda acceder a ellos a través de la aplicación Android integrada y el sitio web. Nowadays, many countries have been implementing precision agricul-ture systems based on the Internet of Things (IoT) as they are useful tools to manage and monitor crop information for farmers. There is a wide diversity of approaches that help and facilitate producers to manage their agricultural land. IoT systems provide capabilities to adapt to the user's environment, for example by sensing data through wireless sensors or other devices. In agriculture, they can support the early detection of possible crop alterations and prevent production losses, thus improving the quantity and quality of the harvest, considering that each crop requires a personalized intervention. This research aims to propose an IoT system for the management and monitoring of the agricultural lands of the indigenous communities of Cauca, where Internet access is limited. The system adapts to the needs of the user, their agricultural and environmental information, time, location and traditional practices. This article introduces the IoT architec-ture and models, which were used to implement and test a prototype called Food-Craft. For the design of this system, there is satellite communication between IoT points with difficult access to the Internet. On the other hand, all sensor data is successfully received by the Arduino mega and sent to the database with the ESP8266 so that it can be accessed through the integrated Android app and web-site. Sociedad Argentina de Informática e Investigación Operativa

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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
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    Authors: Aziz Nurbekov; Muhammadjon Kosimov; Makhmud Shaumarov; Botir Khaitov; +3 Authors

    Soil productivity and crop yield were examined in response to legume-based short crop rotation under conventional (CT) and no-till (NT) tillage practices in saline meadow-alluvial soils of the arid region in Bukhara, Uzbekistan. Compared with the CT treatment, crop yield was consistently higher under NT, i.e., winter wheat 9.63%, millet 9.9%, chickpea 3.8%, and maize 10.7% at the first experiment cycle during 2019–2021. A further crop productivity increase was observed at the second experiment cycle during 2021–2023 under NT when compared to CT, i.e., winter wheat 17.7%, millet 31.2%, chickpea 19.6%, and maize 19.1%. An increase in total phyto residue by 20.9% and root residue by 25% under NT compared to CT contributed to the improvement in soil structure and played a vital role in the sustained improvement of crop yields. In turn, the increased residue retention under NT facilitated soil porosity, structural stability, and water retention, thereby improving soil quality and organic matter content. Soil salinity more significantly decreased under NT than in CT, reducing salinity buildup by 18.9% at the 0–25 cm and 32.9% at the 75–100 cm soil profiles compared to CT. The total forms N and P were significantly increased under NT when compared to CT, while the efficiency of the applied crop rotation was essential. This study showed the essential role of the NT method with legume-based intensive cropping in the maintenance of soil health and crop yield, thereby touching on recent advances in agro-biotechnology and the sustainable land management of drylands.

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    Agronomy
    Article . 2023
    Data sources: DOAJ
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    Agronomy
    Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
    License: CC BY
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      Agronomy
      Article . 2023
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      Agronomy
      Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
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    Authors: Bojin Yang; Shuang Liang; Huadong Guo; Xinwu Li; +3 Authors

    ABSTRACTHuman activities increase significantly over Antarctic ice shelves. However, they are constantly faced with danger posed by the harsh environment. For decision-making, it is a prerequisite to have the macro-scale suitability information about human activity site selection. Here, we define a new index, the human activity suitability (HAS) index, to quantitatively analyze the locational suitability of human activity sites over Antarctic ice shelves. Two multi-criteria decision analysis methods (AHP + Entropy, TOPSIS) and three machine learning methods (support vector machine, random forest and logistic regression) are tested to develop HAS maps. Nine conditioning factors about ice surface features, ice shelf stability, meteorology and topography are generated as input parameters. The accuracy of the proposed models is evaluated using metrics such as the area under curve (AUC-ROC), root mean square error, overall accuracy and kappa index. The results indicate that the Random Forest performs best. The HAS map exhibits great heterogeneity driven by the synergistic influence of multiple factors. Areas in low HAS classes are concentrated at Crosson, Brunt, Thwaites and the edge of some ice shelves, implying the complex environment in these regions. The findings can provide a new insight for forecasting the potential human footprint and support sustainability research in Antarctica.

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    International Journal of Digital Earth
    Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
    License: CC BY NC
    Data sources: Crossref
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      International Journal of Digital Earth
      Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
      License: CC BY NC
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    Authors: Eleana Spavento; María Teresa de Troya-Franco; Luis Acuña-Rello; Mónica Murace; +6 Authors

    This study focuses on Populus euramericana (Dode) Guinier, a globally distributed fastgrowing tree. Despite its valuable wood, it exhibits low durability. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of a binary composite comprising silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and chitosan oligomers (COS) in protecting P. x euramericana ‘I-214’ wood against degradation caused by xylophagous fungi and termites through vacuum-pressure impregnation. The test material was carefully selected and conditioned following the guidelines of EN 350:2016, and impregnation was carried out in accordance with EN 113-1:2021. Five concentrations of AgNPs–COS composites were utilized. Biodeterioration resistance was evaluated based on EN 350:2016 for white (Trametes versicolor (L.) Lloyd) and brown (Coniophora puteana (Schumach.) P.Karst.) rot fungi, and EN 117:2012 for subterranean termites (Reticulitermis grassei Clément). The durability class and use class were assigned following EN 350:2016 and EN 335:2013, respectively. In comparison to the untreated control, the binary solution at its highest concentration (AgNPs 4 ppm + COS 20 g.L-1) demonstrated a notable reduction in weight loss, decreasing from 41.96 +- 4.49% to 30.15 +- 3.08% for white-rot fungi and from 41.93 +- 4.33% to 27.22 +- 0.66% for brown rot fungi. Furthermore, the observed termite infestation shifted from “heavy” to “attempted attack”, resulting in a decrease in the survival rate from 53.98 +- 10.40% to 26.62 +- 8.63%. Consequently, the durability classification of P. x euramericana I-214 witnessed an enhancement from “Not durable” to “Slightly” and “Moderately durable” concerning decay fungi and termites, respectively. These findings expand the potential applications of this wood and substantiate the advantages of employing this environmentally friendly treatment. Laboratorio de Investigaciones en Madera

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    Forests
    Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
    License: CC BY
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    Forests
    Article . 2023
    Data sources: DOAJ
    DIGITAL.CSIC
    Article . 2023
    Data sources: DIGITAL.CSIC
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
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      Forests
      Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
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      Forests
      Article . 2023
      Data sources: DOAJ
      DIGITAL.CSIC
      Article . 2023
      Data sources: DIGITAL.CSIC
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
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    Authors: Kärhä, Kalle; Seuri, Milla; Mac Donagh, Patricio; Acuna, Mauricio; +38 Authors

    The aim of the study was to provide a comprehensive overview of global long-distance road transportation of industrial roundwood. The study focused on the maximum gross vehicle weight (GVW) limits allowed with different timber truck configurations, typical payloads in timber trucking, the road transportation share of the total industrial roundwood long-distance transportation volume, and the average long-distance transportation distances and costs of industrial roundwood. The study was carried out as a questionnaire survey. The questionnaire was sent to timber transportation logistics experts and research scientists in the 30 countries with the largest industrial roundwood removals in Europe, as well as selected major forestry countries in the world (Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Canada, Chile, China, Japan, New Zealand, South Africa, Türkiye, the United States of America and Uruguay) in February 2022, and closed in May 2022. A total of 31 countries took part in the survey. The survey illustrated that timber trucking was the main long-distance transportation method of industrial roundwood in almost every country surveyed. Road transportation averaged 89% of the total industrial roundwood long-distance transportation volume. Timber truck configurations of 4 to 9 axles with GVW limits of around 30 tonnes to over 70 tonnes were most commonly used. The results indicated that higher GVW limits allowed significantly higher payloads in timber trucking, with the lowest payloads at less than 25 tonnes, and the highest payloads more than 45 tonnes. The average road transportation distance with industrial roundwood was 128 km, and the average long-distance transportation cost in timber trucking was €11.1 per tonne of timber transported. In the entire survey material, there was a direct relationship between transportation distance and transportation costs and an inverse relationship between maximum GVW limits and transportation costs. Consequently, in order to reduce transportation costs, it is essential to maximise payloads (within legal limits) and minimise haul distances. Several measures to increase cost- and energy-efficiency, and to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in road transportation logistics, are discussed in the paper. On the basis of the survey, it is recommended that up-to-date statistical data and novel research studies on the long-distance transportation of industrial roundwood be conducted in some countries in the future.

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    Croatian Journal of Forest Engineering
    Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
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      Croatian Journal of Forest Engineering
      Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
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