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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Sorokina, Hanna Elisabet; Nunes, Matheus Henrique; Heiskanen, Janne; Munyao, Martha; +4 Authors

    African savanna elephants (Loxodonta africana) can substantially modify their habitat through their interactions with woody vegetation. Nonetheless, the scale, intensity and characteristics of these relations are not yet fully understood. Consequently, it is unclear how vegetation-megafauna interactions can be disrupted by external factors, such as land management. This study attempted to quantify and characterize structural changes in vegetation caused by elephants, from landscape to tree level scales. We applied multi-scale geospatial tools, including airborne (ALS) and terrestrial laser scanning (TLS), to address the following questions: (1) How do elephants shape landscape level vegetation structure in conservation areas? (2) Are the impacts of elephants evident on individual tree architecture? Our study area was located at the Taita Hills Wildlife Sanctuary in South-eastern Kenya. The occurrence of elephants was estimated using elephant observation records and proximity to elephant tracks. Landscape level structure was assessed using tree density maps calculated based on individually detected treetops from ALS data. Next, TLS measurements of 72 trees were processed using quantitative structural modelling to characterize their architecture. Our results demonstrate a widespread influence of elephants on both landscape and tree level structural characteristics. This influence was strongly mediated by management, as we observed differences in vegetation structure inside and outside conservation areas. Tree density was up to 42% lower (5.84 trees/ha) in conservation areas than in non-conservation areas (10.17 trees/ha). Trees were relatively larger with closer proximity to elephant tracks, while smaller trees were more often observed in areas further away from elephants. At an architectural level, trees closer to elephant tracks had lower ratio between the crown length and the tree height, demonstrating a substantial influence of elephants on the morphological characteristics of trees. Our results highlight the importance of accounting for vegetation fauna interactions when planning conservation areas in African savannahs. Peer reviewed

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    Aaltodoc Publication Archive
    Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
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    Ecological Informatics
    Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
    License: CC BY
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      Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
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      Ecological Informatics
      Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
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    Authors: Murtiyoso, Arnadi; Holm, Stefan; Riihimaki, Henri; Krucher, Anna; +3 Authors

    Digital 3D technologies are emerging methods for recording and visualizing forests. Therefore, it is not surprising that these technologies have seen many applications and developments in recent years. In this study, we conducted a comprehensive review of existing 3D technologies within the context of forestry and how they interact with users and stakeholders. We present a summary of the requirements, visualization, and application of virtual forests. This includes an overview of state-of-the-art 3D reconstruction and visualization tools, which have seen a major increase in interest in the past few years, as evidenced by a preliminary analysis on research keywords. Based on the reviewed studies, we present the current trend and emerging questions, as well as challenges in the field of virtual forests. Further, we discuss the identified trends and challenges related to data acquisition, along with existing and potential future interactions between the 3D data and more specific demands from the forestry sector. We conclude that the use of digital 3D data in forestry is on the rise and that such novel methods show great potential and merit further attention. Peer reviewed

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    Authors: Mouthaan, Matthijs; Frenken, Koen; Piscicelli, Laura; Vaskelainen, Taneli;

    Digital technology has been understood as a General Purpose Technology (GPT) given its systemic and pervasive nature, and heralded as key to sustainability transitions. We perform a scoping review of 112 contributions to critically appraise research on the sustainability effects of contemporary digitalization. We find that many studies adopt a rather reductionist, deterministic and optimistic lens on the (potential) sustainability effects of digital technologies, mostly neglecting the systemic effects inherent to GPTs. For a better understanding of systemic sustainability effects of contemporary digitalization, we advocate the use of exploratory designs and prospective methods, and a theoretical understanding of technologies as co-evolving with institutions and practices. Peer reviewed

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    Authors: Tappert, Simone; Mehan, Asma; Tuominen, Pekka; Varga, Zsuzsanna;

    Today’s exponential advancement of information and communication technologies is reconfiguring participatory urban development practices. The use of digital technology implies new forms of decentralised governance, collaborative knowledge production, and social activism. The digital transformation has the potential to overcome shortcomings in citizen participation, make participatory processes more deliberative, and enable collaborative approaches for making cities. While digital tools such as digital mapping, e‐participation platforms, location‐based games, and social media offer new opportunities for the various actors and may act as a catalyst for renegotiating urban space and collective goods, digitalisation can also perpetuate or even attenuate existing inequalities and exclusion. This editorial introduces the thematic issue “Citizen Participation, Digital Agency, and Urban Development” which focuses on the trajectories and (dis)continuities of citizen participation through digitalisation and elaborates this with examples from Europe and Asia on how the digital transformation impacts, challenges, or reproduces hegemonic power relations in urban development. Peer reviewed

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    HELDA - Digital Repository of the University of Helsinki
    Contribution for newspaper or weekly magazine . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
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      HELDA - Digital Repository of the University of Helsinki
      Contribution for newspaper or weekly magazine . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
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    Authors: Timo Pakkala; Anna Peltonen; Henrik Lindberg; Joakim Hjältén; +1 Authors

    Cavities made by birds are an important microhabitat for many taxa in forests. Long-term dynamics of cavity patterns and the effect of forest management on cavities are, however, largely unknown. We studied cavity production, measured as nest cavity production rates (CPR = no. of new cavities/km2/year), of woodpeckers and tits in forests with different management intensity in southern Finland, based on a data from 37 years. Forests were divided into managed, seminatural and natural stands. The data covered 56 forest stands with the total area of 1690 ha. Stands were inventoried annually for new cavities. The total numbers of woodpecker and tit cavities were 2238 and 329, respectively. There were large differences in CPRs between forest stands with different management intensity. For woodpeckers, the CPR was highest in natural forests (5.7) and lowest in managed forests (1.5). For the tit species, the respective numbers were 0.9 and 0.3. The CPRs of different cavity-making bird species and cavity tree characteristics (e.g. tree condition and species) were consistent, suggesting that different cavity-makers benefit from similar forest and tree characteristics. The results also suggest that forests managed with currently prevailing methods limit the production of cavities. To promote cavities, the results from this and other studies suggest that managed forests should include more features of natural forests, such as more diverse tree species and within-stand structural variability distribution (tree-level heterogeneity), larger amount of decayed wood, more retention trees and snags and longer rotation periods. Peer reviewed

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    European Journal of Forest Research
    Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
    License: CC BY
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      European Journal of Forest Research
      Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
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    Authors: Arpine Maghakyan; Henry Jarva; Lasse Niemi; Jukka Sihvonen;

    Funding Information: We thank Beatriz García Osma (editor), two anonymous reviewers, Mai Dao, David Hay, Sven Hörner, Seppo Ikäheimo, Emma-Riikka Myllymäki, Savvas Papadopoulos, Stefan Sundgren, Ann Vanstraelen, Marleen Willekens, Steven Young, participants at the EARNet Symposium 2023, the 2021 Hawai̒i Accounting Research Conference, the 2019 EARNet Doctoral Workshop, the 2019 EAA Doctoral Colloquium, the 2019 Ph.D. Colloquium at Victoria University of Wellington, and the seminar participants at Aalto University, University of Vaasa, and The University of Auckland for numerous comments and suggestions. Arpine Maghakyan acknowledges the HSE Foundation, the Jenny and Antti Wihuri Foundation, the OP Foundation, the Marcus Wallenberg Foundation, and the Foundation for Economic Education for their financial support. All errors are our own. Publisher Copyright: © 2023 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group. This study focuses on the effects of digitalization on the auditing industry and the impact of audit partner expertise in digitalization on audit fees. Using data from listed U.S. companies between 2016 and 2021, we document a statistically and economically significant audit fee premium for audit partners who specialize in digitalization. This premium is separate from the partner’s industry specialization and is strongest in industries with a high level of digitalization, especially during the first half of the sample period. Our subsample analysis shows that, while the premium appears to be diminishing in less digitalized industries, it remains significant in highly digitalized industries. This change may be due to the general increase in digitalization expertise among audit partners, leading to diminishing returns to specialization for less digitalized audits. Peer reviewed

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    European Accounting Review
    Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
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      European Accounting Review
      Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
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    Authors: Maxime Durand; Arthur Daviaud; T. Matthew Robson;

    Leaf fall in the autumn opens the forest canopy, allowing more solar radiation to be transmitted to the forest floor. Those understorey species that remain physiologically active into the autumn may benefit from the sunlight received by extending their growing season, to assimilate additional carbon while conditions remain favourable. We monitored leaf water and pigment content, as well as photosynthetic capacity in understorey species growing in adjacent stands differing in their canopy tree species. Leaf fall, transmitted light, and microclimate were monitored in each stand. We found that overstorey leaf fall started earlier in the birch (Betula pendula, L.), than in the oak (Quercus robur, L.) stand, and light transmission changed accordingly. Concurrently, understorey leaf senescence was generally earlier in the birch than in the oak stand, itself earlier than in the evergreen spruce stand (Picea abies, L. H. Karst.). Neither atmospheric CO2, humidity, nor temperature differed between stands. A change in light quality and/or increase in quantity following leaf fall drove the difference in the timing of senescence in the understorey. Understorey species with later senescence were able to use the increased light more after leaf fall. Together these findings help to provide a mechanistic foundation to predict how ecosystem functioning and ultimately carbon balance will be impacted by phenological shifts in response to global changes. Peer reviewed

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    Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
    Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
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      Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
      Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
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    Authors: Naser Hossein Motlagh; Martha Arbayani Zaidan; Lauri Lovén; Pak Lun Fung; +4 Authors

    Smart spaces, physical spaces that are integrated with sensor-enabled IoT devices, are a powerful paradigm for optimizing the operations of the space and improving its quality for the occupants. Managing the applications and services running in the space is a complex task as the operations of the devices and services are dependent on the physical characteristics of the space, the occupants of the space, and the technologies that are being integrated. Digital twinning, the combination of physical representations with a virtual counterpart, is a potential technology for facilitating the management of smart space devices and services. While digital twins are increasingly adopted in industry, their use in everyday environments remains low due to difficulties in creating and linking the virtual representation with the physical environment. In this paper, we propose our vision for the adoption of digital twinning as a pathway to improve the functions of smart spaces. We derive a generic reference architecture that comprises four layers, covering the physical space, the sensing infrastructure, the network interfaces, and the underlying computational infrastructure. Next, we identify and address key requirements for the uptake of digital twins in smart space and assess their benefits using the ascendancy model of business analytics. Finally, to demonstrate the practicality of digital twinning, we present a proof-of-concept digital twin for the TellUs smart space at the University of Oulu in Finland and use it to highlight the potential benefits of different ascendancy levels. Peer reviewed

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    Authors: Hearn, Jeff; Barutçu, Atilla; Akyüz , Selin;

    This article discusses: the state of current debates and key priority areas in Critical Studies on Men and Masculinities, including the implications for men and masculinities in contemporary global conditions: the concept of gex; gender- and sexuality-based violence and digital technology; the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on men and masculinities; and methodological challenges arising with the growth of quantitative studies. Publisher Copyright: © 2023 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group. Non peer reviewed

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    Authors: D. J. Kotze; M. Gabor; S. Kohout; H. Setälä;

    AimThe Anthropocene is characterised by urban and agricultural landscapes. Within these landscapes, natural to semi-natural habitats are fragmented, isolated and disturbed to varying degrees. Species associated with these natural habitats have to content with the surrounding landscape, both in terms of level of isolation, and matrix type and quality. We investigated the community structure, trait distribution and individual traits of carabid beetles in boreal forest fragments within three matrices: urban, agricultural and freshwater lake.LocationCity of Lahti and its surroundings, southern Finland.TaxonColeoptera, Carabidae.MethodsUsing pitfall traps from June to October 2019, we collected carabid beetles from eight spruce-dominated forest fragments in the urban matrix, 10 fragments in an agricultural matrix, seven fragments on lake islands and three large control forests at the outskirts of the city.ResultsCompared to natural forests, carabid beetles in forest fragments in these matrices showed distinct assemblages, and with beetle diversity the highest in fragments in the agricultural landscape. Fragments in the urban and lake island landscapes were characterised by small-sized species, and those capable of flight. We also found strong intraspecific trait responses in terms of body size, with some generalist species being significantly smaller in urban, agricultural or lake island fragments compared to the controls.Main ConclusionsThe matrix has a clear effect on carabid beetle communities, both in terms of taxonomic and trait distribution, and filters for communities of smaller sized species and those capable of flight. Such overall community and intraspecific effects can have considerable effects on populations and community assemblages: As anthropogenic effects intensify in urban and agricultural landscapes, our findings may be the expression of further morphological and physiological responses, and eventually in the adaptation of those species that can cope with the Anthropocene. Peer reviewed

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    Journal of Biogeography
    Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
    License: CC BY
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      Journal of Biogeography
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    Authors: Sorokina, Hanna Elisabet; Nunes, Matheus Henrique; Heiskanen, Janne; Munyao, Martha; +4 Authors

    African savanna elephants (Loxodonta africana) can substantially modify their habitat through their interactions with woody vegetation. Nonetheless, the scale, intensity and characteristics of these relations are not yet fully understood. Consequently, it is unclear how vegetation-megafauna interactions can be disrupted by external factors, such as land management. This study attempted to quantify and characterize structural changes in vegetation caused by elephants, from landscape to tree level scales. We applied multi-scale geospatial tools, including airborne (ALS) and terrestrial laser scanning (TLS), to address the following questions: (1) How do elephants shape landscape level vegetation structure in conservation areas? (2) Are the impacts of elephants evident on individual tree architecture? Our study area was located at the Taita Hills Wildlife Sanctuary in South-eastern Kenya. The occurrence of elephants was estimated using elephant observation records and proximity to elephant tracks. Landscape level structure was assessed using tree density maps calculated based on individually detected treetops from ALS data. Next, TLS measurements of 72 trees were processed using quantitative structural modelling to characterize their architecture. Our results demonstrate a widespread influence of elephants on both landscape and tree level structural characteristics. This influence was strongly mediated by management, as we observed differences in vegetation structure inside and outside conservation areas. Tree density was up to 42% lower (5.84 trees/ha) in conservation areas than in non-conservation areas (10.17 trees/ha). Trees were relatively larger with closer proximity to elephant tracks, while smaller trees were more often observed in areas further away from elephants. At an architectural level, trees closer to elephant tracks had lower ratio between the crown length and the tree height, demonstrating a substantial influence of elephants on the morphological characteristics of trees. Our results highlight the importance of accounting for vegetation fauna interactions when planning conservation areas in African savannahs. Peer reviewed

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    Aaltodoc Publication Archive
    Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
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    Ecological Informatics
    Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
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      Ecological Informatics
      Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
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    Authors: Murtiyoso, Arnadi; Holm, Stefan; Riihimaki, Henri; Krucher, Anna; +3 Authors

    Digital 3D technologies are emerging methods for recording and visualizing forests. Therefore, it is not surprising that these technologies have seen many applications and developments in recent years. In this study, we conducted a comprehensive review of existing 3D technologies within the context of forestry and how they interact with users and stakeholders. We present a summary of the requirements, visualization, and application of virtual forests. This includes an overview of state-of-the-art 3D reconstruction and visualization tools, which have seen a major increase in interest in the past few years, as evidenced by a preliminary analysis on research keywords. Based on the reviewed studies, we present the current trend and emerging questions, as well as challenges in the field of virtual forests. Further, we discuss the identified trends and challenges related to data acquisition, along with existing and potential future interactions between the 3D data and more specific demands from the forestry sector. We conclude that the use of digital 3D data in forestry is on the rise and that such novel methods show great potential and merit further attention. Peer reviewed

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    Authors: Mouthaan, Matthijs; Frenken, Koen; Piscicelli, Laura; Vaskelainen, Taneli;

    Digital technology has been understood as a General Purpose Technology (GPT) given its systemic and pervasive nature, and heralded as key to sustainability transitions. We perform a scoping review of 112 contributions to critically appraise research on the sustainability effects of contemporary digitalization. We find that many studies adopt a rather reductionist, deterministic and optimistic lens on the (potential) sustainability effects of digital technologies, mostly neglecting the systemic effects inherent to GPTs. For a better understanding of systemic sustainability effects of contemporary digitalization, we advocate the use of exploratory designs and prospective methods, and a theoretical understanding of technologies as co-evolving with institutions and practices. Peer reviewed

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    Authors: Tappert, Simone; Mehan, Asma; Tuominen, Pekka; Varga, Zsuzsanna;

    Today’s exponential advancement of information and communication technologies is reconfiguring participatory urban development practices. The use of digital technology implies new forms of decentralised governance, collaborative knowledge production, and social activism. The digital transformation has the potential to overcome shortcomings in citizen participation, make participatory processes more deliberative, and enable collaborative approaches for making cities. While digital tools such as digital mapping, e‐participation platforms, location‐based games, and social media offer new opportunities for the various actors and may act as a catalyst for renegotiating urban space and collective goods, digitalisation can also perpetuate or even attenuate existing inequalities and exclusion. This editorial introduces the thematic issue “Citizen Participation, Digital Agency, and Urban Development” which focuses on the trajectories and (dis)continuities of citizen participation through digitalisation and elaborates this with examples from Europe and Asia on how the digital transformation impacts, challenges, or reproduces hegemonic power relations in urban development. Peer reviewed

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    HELDA - Digital Repository of the University of Helsinki
    Contribution for newspaper or weekly magazine . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
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      Contribution for newspaper or weekly magazine . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
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    Authors: Timo Pakkala; Anna Peltonen; Henrik Lindberg; Joakim Hjältén; +1 Authors

    Cavities made by birds are an important microhabitat for many taxa in forests. Long-term dynamics of cavity patterns and the effect of forest management on cavities are, however, largely unknown. We studied cavity production, measured as nest cavity production rates (CPR = no. of new cavities/km2/year), of woodpeckers and tits in forests with different management intensity in southern Finland, based on a data from 37 years. Forests were divided into managed, seminatural and natural stands. The data covered 56 forest stands with the total area of 1690 ha. Stands were inventoried annually for new cavities. The total numbers of woodpecker and tit cavities were 2238 and 329, respectively. There were large differences in CPRs between forest stands with different management intensity. For woodpeckers, the CPR was highest in natural forests (5.7) and lowest in managed forests (1.5). For the tit species, the respective numbers were 0.9 and 0.3. The CPRs of different cavity-making bird species and cavity tree characteristics (e.g. tree condition and species) were consistent, suggesting that different cavity-makers benefit from similar forest and tree characteristics. The results also suggest that forests managed with currently prevailing methods limit the production of cavities. To promote cavities, the results from this and other studies suggest that managed forests should include more features of natural forests, such as more diverse tree species and within-stand structural variability distribution (tree-level heterogeneity), larger amount of decayed wood, more retention trees and snags and longer rotation periods. Peer reviewed

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    European Journal of Forest Research
    Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
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      European Journal of Forest Research
      Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
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    Authors: Arpine Maghakyan; Henry Jarva; Lasse Niemi; Jukka Sihvonen;

    Funding Information: We thank Beatriz García Osma (editor), two anonymous reviewers, Mai Dao, David Hay, Sven Hörner, Seppo Ikäheimo, Emma-Riikka Myllymäki, Savvas Papadopoulos, Stefan Sundgren, Ann Vanstraelen, Marleen Willekens, Steven Young, participants at the EARNet Symposium 2023, the 2021 Hawai̒i Accounting Research Conference, the 2019 EARNet Doctoral Workshop, the 2019 EAA Doctoral Colloquium, the 2019 Ph.D. Colloquium at Victoria University of Wellington, and the seminar participants at Aalto University, University of Vaasa, and The University of Auckland for numerous comments and suggestions. Arpine Maghakyan acknowledges the HSE Foundation, the Jenny and Antti Wihuri Foundation, the OP Foundation, the Marcus Wallenberg Foundation, and the Foundation for Economic Education for their financial support. All errors are our own. Publisher Copyright: © 2023 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group. This study focuses on the effects of digitalization on the auditing industry and the impact of audit partner expertise in digitalization on audit fees. Using data from listed U.S. companies between 2016 and 2021, we document a statistically and economically significant audit fee premium for audit partners who specialize in digitalization. This premium is separate from the partner’s industry specialization and is strongest in industries with a high level of digitalization, especially during the first half of the sample period. Our subsample analysis shows that, while the premium appears to be diminishing in less digitalized industries, it remains significant in highly digitalized industries. This change may be due to the general increase in digitalization expertise among audit partners, leading to diminishing returns to specialization for less digitalized audits. Peer reviewed

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    European Accounting Review
    Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
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      European Accounting Review
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    Authors: Maxime Durand; Arthur Daviaud; T. Matthew Robson;

    Leaf fall in the autumn opens the forest canopy, allowing more solar radiation to be transmitted to the forest floor. Those understorey species that remain physiologically active into the autumn may benefit from the sunlight received by extending their growing season, to assimilate additional carbon while conditions remain favourable. We monitored leaf water and pigment content, as well as photosynthetic capacity in understorey species growing in adjacent stands differing in their canopy tree species. Leaf fall, transmitted light, and microclimate were monitored in each stand. We found that overstorey leaf fall started earlier in the birch (Betula pendula, L.), than in the oak (Quercus robur, L.) stand, and light transmission changed accordingly. Concurrently, understorey leaf senescence was generally earlier in the birch than in the oak stand, itself earlier than in the evergreen spruce stand (Picea abies, L. H. Karst.). Neither atmospheric CO2, humidity, nor temperature differed between stands. A change in light quality and/or increase in quantity following leaf fall drove the difference in the timing of senescence in the understorey. Understorey species with later senescence were able to use the increased light more after leaf fall. Together these findings help to provide a mechanistic foundation to predict how ecosystem functioning and ultimately carbon balance will be impacted by phenological shifts in response to global changes. Peer reviewed

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    Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
    Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
    License: CC BY
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      Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
      Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
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    Authors: Naser Hossein Motlagh; Martha Arbayani Zaidan; Lauri Lovén; Pak Lun Fung; +4 Authors

    Smart spaces, physical spaces that are integrated with sensor-enabled IoT devices, are a powerful paradigm for optimizing the operations of the space and improving its quality for the occupants. Managing the applications and services running in the space is a complex task as the operations of the devices and services are dependent on the physical characteristics of the space, the occupants of the space, and the technologies that are being integrated. Digital twinning, the combination of physical representations with a virtual counterpart, is a potential technology for facilitating the management of smart space devices and services. While digital twins are increasingly adopted in industry, their use in everyday environments remains low due to difficulties in creating and linking the virtual representation with the physical environment. In this paper, we propose our vision for the adoption of digital twinning as a pathway to improve the functions of smart spaces. We derive a generic reference architecture that comprises four layers, covering the physical space, the sensing infrastructure, the network interfaces, and the underlying computational infrastructure. Next, we identify and address key requirements for the uptake of digital twins in smart space and assess their benefits using the ascendancy model of business analytics. Finally, to demonstrate the practicality of digital twinning, we present a proof-of-concept digital twin for the TellUs smart space at the University of Oulu in Finland and use it to highlight the potential benefits of different ascendancy levels. Peer reviewed

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    Authors: Hearn, Jeff; Barutçu, Atilla; Akyüz , Selin;

    This article discusses: the state of current debates and key priority areas in Critical Studies on Men and Masculinities, including the implications for men and masculinities in contemporary global conditions: the concept of gex; gender- and sexuality-based violence and digital technology; the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on men and masculinities; and methodological challenges arising with the growth of quantitative studies. Publisher Copyright: © 2023 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group. Non peer reviewed

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    Authors: D. J. Kotze; M. Gabor; S. Kohout; H. Setälä;

    AimThe Anthropocene is characterised by urban and agricultural landscapes. Within these landscapes, natural to semi-natural habitats are fragmented, isolated and disturbed to varying degrees. Species associated with these natural habitats have to content with the surrounding landscape, both in terms of level of isolation, and matrix type and quality. We investigated the community structure, trait distribution and individual traits of carabid beetles in boreal forest fragments within three matrices: urban, agricultural and freshwater lake.LocationCity of Lahti and its surroundings, southern Finland.TaxonColeoptera, Carabidae.MethodsUsing pitfall traps from June to October 2019, we collected carabid beetles from eight spruce-dominated forest fragments in the urban matrix, 10 fragments in an agricultural matrix, seven fragments on lake islands and three large control forests at the outskirts of the city.ResultsCompared to natural forests, carabid beetles in forest fragments in these matrices showed distinct assemblages, and with beetle diversity the highest in fragments in the agricultural landscape. Fragments in the urban and lake island landscapes were characterised by small-sized species, and those capable of flight. We also found strong intraspecific trait responses in terms of body size, with some generalist species being significantly smaller in urban, agricultural or lake island fragments compared to the controls.Main ConclusionsThe matrix has a clear effect on carabid beetle communities, both in terms of taxonomic and trait distribution, and filters for communities of smaller sized species and those capable of flight. Such overall community and intraspecific effects can have considerable effects on populations and community assemblages: As anthropogenic effects intensify in urban and agricultural landscapes, our findings may be the expression of further morphological and physiological responses, and eventually in the adaptation of those species that can cope with the Anthropocene. Peer reviewed

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    Journal of Biogeography
    Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
    License: CC BY
    Data sources: Crossref
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      Journal of Biogeography
      Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
      License: CC BY
      Data sources: Crossref
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