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ABSTRACT Custodial death is the most ominous indicator in our country's capture, detention, and remand. It has now become all the rage across the country. Deaths in police custody usually generate a great deal of public attention and are frequently coupled with causality disputes. Accused individuals frequently come into encounter with the criminal justice system, with those suffering from mental illnesses over-represented in police custody. As a result, identifying vulnerability is critical in order to guarantee that proper precautions may be put in place. This research is helping to show that to prevent such a curse from afflicting society, the country has some existing legislation, directions, guidelines, and precedents that are constantly derived from court decisions of other nations. The judicial system in Bangladesh is no exception. In context of this, the research examined, with the goal of emphasizing on judicial reforms, applicable legislation and their implementation, national legislative framework, and court precedents on the banning of inhumane custodial torture, including arrest, custody, and remand by police. Finding of the research particularly concentrate upon irregularities of provision to safeguarding accused right in the jail. The lack of sanitation, healthcare, standard food quality also found as errors of concern authorities. Beside these normal and natural death also counted as death in custody but not due to torture by police. The political believes and support nurture by police is also one of the key reasons to increasing torture and deaths. To solve these problems state should amend existing provision which is contradictory related to custodial torture, Increase the circumference of Human Rights Commission and give them power to investigate these properly and follow the guidelines given by courts. This research demonstrated a real-life scenario of custodial torture and critically analyzed national mechanisms that directly contradict custodial deaths and brutal punishment. {"references": ["'Police Custody Deaths In Bangladesh: An Analysis Of Legal Liability' (2022) IV Indian Journal of Law and Legal Research", "Police Custody Deaths In Bangladesh: An Analysis Of Legal Liability. (2022), IV(III), 1266-1287", "Indian Journal of Law and Legal Research, 2022. Police Custody Deaths In Bangladesh: An Analysis Of Legal Liability. IV(III), pp.1266-1287", "\"Police Custody Deaths In Bangladesh: An Analysis Of Legal Liability.\". IV, no. III, 2022, pp. 1266-1287", "\"Police Custody Deaths In Bangladesh: An Analysis Of Legal Liability\" (2022) IV(III)", "\"Police Custody Deaths In Bangladesh: An Analysis Of Legal Liability\". Indian Journal Of Law And Legal Research no. (2022): 1266-1287. doi:https://doi-ds.org/doilink/06.2022-37714716/IJLLR/V4/I3/A90.", "\"Police Custody Deaths In Bangladesh: An Analysis Of Legal Liability\", (2022) IV Indian Journal of Law and Legal Research 1266-1287."]}

Abstract Modern computation based on von Neumann architecture is now a mature cutting-edge science. In the von Neumann architecture, processing and memory units are implemented as separate blocks interchanging data intensively and continuously. This data transfer is responsible for a large part of the power consumption. The next generation computer technology is expected to solve problems at the exascale with 1018 calculations each second. Even though these future computers will be incredibly powerful, if they are based on von Neumann type architectures, they will consume between 20 and 30 megawatts of power and will not have intrinsic physically built-in capabilities to learn or deal with complex data as our brain does. These needs can be addressed by neuromorphic computing systems which are inspired by the biological concepts of the human brain. This new generation of computers has the potential to be used for the storage and processing of large amounts of digital information with much lower power consumption than conventional processors. Among their potential future applications, an important niche is moving the control from data centers to edge devices. The aim of this roadmap is to present a snapshot of the present state of neuromorphic technology and provide an opinion on the challenges and opportunities that the future holds in the major areas of neuromorphic technology, namely materials, devices, neuromorphic circuits, neuromorphic algorithms, applications, and ethics. The roadmap is a collection of perspectives where leading researchers in the neuromorphic community provide their own view about the current state and the future challenges for each research area. We hope that this roadmap will be a useful resource by providing a concise yet comprehensive introduction to readers outside this field, for those who are just entering the field, as well as providing future perspectives for those who are well established in the neuromorphic computing community. Funder: National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders; doi: https://doi.org/10.13039/100000055 Funder: Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures; doi: https://doi.org/10.13039/501100016018 Funder: Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique; doi: https://doi.org/10.13039/501100004794 Funder: Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung; doi: https://doi.org/10.13039/501100002347 Funder: Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency; doi: https://doi.org/10.13039/100000185 Funder: Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft; doi: https://doi.org/10.13039/501100001659 Funder: ETH Zürich Foundation; doi: https://doi.org/10.13039/501100012652 Funder: Freistaat Sachsen; doi: https://doi.org/10.13039/501100014913

My First article revealed about Fifth Force or New Force discovered by Fermi-Lab or LHC etc. other than Strong, Weak, Electromagnetic & Gravitational force published in the Journal of Calcutta Mathematical Society, Salt Lake, Kolkata, West Bengal, India who received this article on 2007 but published on 2011.

We study an important fact called Mind & Sense Datum (matter based). Considering these emerges by the photoelectric effects conducted by the photon-like energy packets “narayan” including photons or quanta of ordinary light through electromagnetic interactions of the matter nuclei weak energy forces of SU(2) in the respective framework of SU(2) ´ U(1), also interacted with bio-molecular particles constructed by the various combinations of lepton-like but quark-type [assuming six set of quark-types each set having five different quark-type] of exotic matter fluids in wave status are tightly binding by the bosons of SU(6) combining with quarks of usual matter energy in brain neuron microtubules for the case of human or any other suitable places of brain-likes of lives. We then found several new unknown Particles-Likes “bhadras” with a new kind of strong forces those are combining with quarks of ordinary matter particles formed Bio-Molecules through chemical bonding of matter atoms or polymers etc. are internally linked through photoelectric-like current for exchanging the necessary information between all parts of the body-system. Hence created a living-body-system of the whole system link through laser-like beam of new energies etc. inclinable to the photo-electrodes-like tube in brain cell for the case of Human-likes and then created holography mind with gradually unfolding sense datum. Thus human brain conceived as an interfacing organ that not only produces mind through consciousness but also received instructional information. Considering there possible variable wave frequencies packets of light constructed by photon-like [made up from neutrinos-like of the new energies SU(6), SU(12), SU(24) etc.] quanta in wave status "narayan" within our Physical Universe produce consciousness of us then by photoelectric effects created mind with sense datum.

Remote Sensing (RS) image classification has recently attracted great attention for its application in different tasks, including environmental monitoring, battlefield surveillance, and geospatial object detection. The best practices for these tasks often involve transfer learning from pre-trained Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs). A common approach in the literature is employing CNNs for feature extraction, and subsequently train classifiers exploiting such features. In this paper, we propose the adoption of transfer learning by fine-tuning pre-trained CNNs for end-to-end aerial image classification. Our approach performs feature extraction from the fine-tuned neural networks and remote sensing image classification with a Support Vector Machine (SVM) model with linear and Radial Basis Function (RBF) kernels. To tune the learning rate hyperparameter, we employ a linear decay learning rate scheduler as well as cyclical learning rates. Moreover, in order to mitigate the overfitting problem of pre-trained models, we apply label smoothing regularization. For the fine-tuning and feature extraction process, we adopt the Inception-v3 and Xception inception-based CNNs, as well the residual-based networks ResNet50 and DenseNet121. We present extensive experiments on two real-world remote sensing image datasets: AID and NWPU-RESISC45. The results show that the proposed method exhibits classification accuracy of up to 98%, outperforming other state-of-the-art methods.

Background Recent studies have shown that neural stimulation can be used to provide artificial sensory feedback to amputees eliciting sensations referred on the amputated hand. The temporal properties of the neural stimulation modulate aspects of evoked sensations that can be exploited in a bidirectional hand prosthesis. Methods We previously collected evidence that the derivative of the amplitude of the stimulation (intra-digit temporal dynamics) allows subjects to recognize object compliance and that the time delay among stimuli injected through electrodes implanted in different nerves (inter-digit temporal distance) allows to recognize object shapes. Nevertheless, a detailed characterization of the subjects’ sensitivity to variations of intra-digit temporal dynamic and inter-digit temporal distance of the intraneural tactile feedback has not been executed. An exhaustive understanding of the overall potentials and limits of intraneural stimulation to deliver sensory feedback is of paramount importance to bring this approach closer and closer to the natural situation. To this aim, here we asked two trans-radial amputees to identify stimuli with different temporal characteristics delivered to the same active site (intra-digit temporal Dynamic Recognition (DR)) or between two active sites (inter-digit Temporal distance Recognition (TR)). Finally, we compared the results achieved for (simulated) TR with conceptually similar experiments with real objects with one subject. Results We found that the subjects were able to identify stimuli with temporal differences (perceptual thresholds) larger than 0.25 s for DR and larger than 0.125 s for TR, respectively. Moreover, we also found no statistically significant differences when the subjects were asked to identify three objects during simulated ‘open-loop’ TR experiments or real ‘closed-loop’ tests while controlling robotic hand. Conclusions This study is a new step towards a more detailed analysis of the overall potentials and limits of intraneural sensory feedback. A full characterization is necessary to develop more advanced prostheses capable of restoring all lost functions and of being perceived more as a natural limb by users. Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation, 17 (1) ISSN:1743-0003