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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Raquel Kissanga; Luís Catarino; Cristina Máguas; Ana I. R. Cabral; +1 Authors

    About 80% of Angola’s forest surface is covered by Miombo and Mopane woodlands, which are explored for diverse activities such as fuelwood and food. This study aimed to assess the recovery dynamics of Miombo and Mopane woodlands after the selective cutting of tree species for charcoal production. For that, the structure and composition of plant communities in 37 plots, located in southwestern Angola, were characterized in fallows of different ages. Results showed that the diameter at breast height, basal area, biomass, and biovolume of trees all rose as the age of the fallow increased, and there were no significant differences in richness, diversity, or dominance of trees between adult–young classes or recent–older fallows. In Mopane, fallows took longer to regenerate, were more affected by environmental and anthropogenic factors, and also presented a higher species adaptation to disturbance. There were more sprouter and seeder trees in Miombo, and new kilns were more distant from roads and villages. Moreover, the selective removal of species deeply altered the community structure and dynamics, despite not directly affecting tree diversity. Thus, new management strategies are needed to ensure the survival of these woodlands such as expanding protected areas and increasing systematic research.

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    Forests
    Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
    License: CC BY
    Data sources: Crossref
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Forests
    Article . 2023
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Forestsarrow_drop_down
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      Forests
      Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
      License: CC BY
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      Forests
      Article . 2023
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: E. V. Pankrutskaya; V. V. Skorina;

    Relevance. In Belarus, no full-fledged studies have previously been carried out to identify species diversity, to identify forms of vegetable beans that have similar genetic diversity. The purpose of the research is to determine the number and ratio of biotypes, to identify the level of genetic polymorphism in vegetable bean varieties by electrophoresis of storage proteins.Materials and Methods. The research was carried out at the BSAA in 2021–2022 on soddy-podzolic medium loamy soil. The experience was based on generally accepted methods and guidelines. The objects of research were 42 varieties of vegetable beans (34 - bush form) and (8 - climbing) of Belarusian and Russian selection. Analysis of seed storage proteins in vegetable bean varieties and identification of spectra were carried out according to the methods. To assess the differentiating positions (zones) of the spectrum, identify protein components, and estimate the molecular masses of proteins, standard marker solutions of proteins “Thermo Scientific” – Unstained Protein Ladder (range 5–112 kDa, number of identified proteins – 11) were used.Results. Differences between genotypes were revealed in internal genetic diversity and elements of the protein spectrum of globulins. It has been established that vegetable bean varieties are characterized by hidden genetic variability and a certain level of polymorphism with a different number of biotypes in the structure of the varietal population. In 60% of the analyzed forms, there is a direct relationship between the manifestation of rare, selection-significant components and the degree of complexity of the total component composition of the protein spectrum. This criterion has practical significance and can be used in breeding work with the vegetable bean crop.

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    Ovoŝi Rossii
    Article . 2023
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Ovoŝi Rossiiarrow_drop_down
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      Ovoŝi Rossii
      Article . 2023
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Gordana Tamindžić; Sergei Azizbekian; Dragana Miljaković; Jan Turan; +4 Authors

    Nanopriming is a newly developed seed technology that improves seed germination, initial plant growth, and crop yield by enabling plants to withstand a variety of abiotic stresses. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of comprehensive metal-based (Co, Mn, Cu, Fe, Zn, Mo, and Se) nanopriming as compared to hydro- and non-primed seeds of three different pea cultivars in a germination test. Seed priming with nanoparticles (NPs) improved field pea quality via significant increase in germination energy (cv. E-244), final germination (cv. E-244, cv. Dukat), shoot length (cv. E-244, cv. Partner), root length (cv. E-244, cv. Dukat, cv. Partner), fresh shoot weight (cv. Partner), dry shoot weight (cv. Partner), seedling vigor index (cv. E-244, cv. Partner), and chlorophyll content (cv. Dukat, cv. Partner), as compared to both hydropriming and the control. Moreover, nanopriming led to significant improvements in shoot length, fresh shoot length, dry shoot length, seedling vigor index (cv. Dukat), and dry root weight (cv. E-244) as compared to the control only. In general, the highest effect on the examined parameters was achieved by nanopriming, indicating that this treatment may be utilized to raise field pea quality performance. To optimize the method, it is necessary to conduct extensive laboratory and field trials.

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    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Agronomy
    Article . 2023
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    Agronomy
    Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ FiVeR - Repository o...arrow_drop_down
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      Agronomy
      Article . 2023
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      Agronomy
      Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Mohammad Mobarak Hossain; Mohammod Abul Kashem; Md. Monirul Islam; Md. Sahidullah; +6 Authors

    The Internet of Things (IoT) has positioned itself globally as a dominant force in the technology sector. IoT, a technology based on interconnected devices, has found applications in various research areas, including healthcare. Embedded devices and wearable technologies powered by IoT have been shown to be effective in patient monitoring and management systems, with a particular focus on pregnant women. This study provides a comprehensive systematic review of the literature on IoT architectures, systems, models and devices used to monitor and manage complications during pregnancy, postpartum and neonatal care. The study identifies emerging research trends and highlights existing research challenges and gaps, offering insights to improve the well-being of pregnant women at a critical moment in their lives. The literature review and discussions presented here serve as valuable resources for stakeholders in this field and pave the way for new and effective paradigms. Additionally, we outline a future research scope discussion for the benefit of researchers and healthcare professionals.

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    Sensors
    Article . 2023
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    Sensors
    Article . 2023
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    Sensors
    Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Sensorsarrow_drop_down
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      Sensors
      Article . 2023
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      Article . 2023
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      Sensors
      Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Muhammad Shoaib Farooq; Muhammad Abdullah; Shamyla Riaz; Atif Alvi; +5 Authors

    The Internet of Things (IoT) is an innovative technology that presents effective and attractive solutions to revolutionize various domains. Numerous solutions based on the IoT have been designed to automate industries, manufacturing units, and production houses to mitigate human involvement in hazardous operations. Owing to the large number of publications in the IoT paradigm, in particular those focusing on industrial IoT (IIoT), a comprehensive survey is significantly important to provide insights into recent developments. This survey presents the workings of the IoT-based smart industry and its major components and proposes the state-of-the-art network infrastructure, including structured layers of IIoT architecture, IIoT network topologies, protocols, and devices. Furthermore, the relationship between IoT-based industries and key technologies is analyzed, including big data storage, cloud computing, and data analytics. A detailed discussion of IIoT-based application domains, smartphone application solutions, and sensor- and device-based IIoT applications developed for the management of the smart industry is also presented. Consequently, IIoT-based security attacks and their relevant countermeasures are highlighted. By analyzing the essential components, their security risks, and available solutions, future research directions regarding the implementation of IIoT are outlined. Finally, a comprehensive discussion of open research challenges and issues related to the smart industry is also presented.

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    Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
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    Article . 2023
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      Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
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      Sensors
      Article . 2023
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Denis I. Dubrovin; Denis V. Veselkin; Andrei P. Gusev;

    To understand the alien plant invasion patterns, it is important to know if their consequences are equal in different regions, particularly in different parts of the secondary range. In this article, we estimated plant species richness in communities invaded by the North American tree Acer negundo L. in two remote regions: the Belarusian Polesia and the Middle Urals. We tested three hypotheses about: (1) decreased plant species richness in communities invaded by A. negundo; (2) presence of alien species in invaded communities—invasional meltdown hypothesis; and (3) different alien plant species richness in communities of different regions. In each region, 24 sample plots of 400 m2 were described: 12 invaded and 12 non-invaded by A. negundo. The species richness of invaded plots decreased: total richness decreased by 21%–43%; the richness of herbaceous plants decreased by 24%–43%; and woody richness decreased by 8%–44%. The proportion of alien herbs in plots invaded by A. negundo increased by 35%. This is the first, although not exhaustive, confirmation of the invasional meltdown hypothesis for communities invaded by A. negundo. Alien herbs increasingly invaded communities of the Belarusian Polesia, alien trees—communities of the Middle Urals. Thus, regional geographical and floristic conditions should be considered when assessing the invasion consequences.

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    Forests
    Article . 2023
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    Forests
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      Forests
      Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: N. S. Seliverstova; O. N. Shkutko; O. V. Grigoryeva;

    Objective: to describe certain structural changes in industry influenced by digitalization.Methods: general scientific, abstract-logical, dialectical, phenomenological methods, observation, and description.Results: the general statistical characteristics of digitalization in the processing industry are shown, based on the meta-analysis by HSE and Rosstat; two directions of structural changes in industry influenced by digitalization are identified: the growing digital maturity and increased use of the Russian solutions in the field of software and information-telecommunication technologies in general, including the respective equipment; and digitalization of communication processes in the field of sustainable development. Two technological features of industry digitalization are identified, namely: the platform nature and the use of the Russian technological solutions for further industry digitalization.Scientific novelty: it is proposed to consider the digital maturity indicators as an integral indicator of the development of a homogeneous group of economic agents; two directions of structural changes in the industrial sector among medium-tech industries are shown: firstly, the digital maturity growth and the increased use of the Russian solutions in the field of software and information-telecommunication technologies equipment; secondly, digitalization communication processes in the field of sustainable development.Practical significance: the clarification of the interrelationships between the processes of digitalization and industrial development will not only allow a more structured approach to the development of industrial policy research programs for medium-tech industries, but will also create a basis for deepening existing knowledge in this area (which can be used both in industrial companies themselves and in regional, federal, and international projects on digital transformation).

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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: P. P. Kazakevich; D. I. Komlach; A. N. Yurin;

    This article describes the process of creating a training sample of an artificial neural network (hereinafter – ANN) of a vision system. Training the ANN was carried out on the basis of annotated images of real apples containing a description of various defects in the form of separate polygons using the LabelMe program. On the image of the fruit, the apple itself and its pomological features, such as receptacle, stalk and leaf, were marked, as well as 10 different fruit defects, each of which was given an appropriate name: mesh, pressure, cut, rot, scab, hailstone, etc. The obtained labeled images of fetuses with defects formed a reference training set for the ANN. The performance of the ANN was tested by evaluating the correctness of recognition of fetal images when comparing them with reference images. Training the ANN for each of the defects in apples was stopped when 95 % of the probability of correct assessment of the defect was reached. The ANN trained on the created training sample was used in the vision system of the LSP-4 production line, which sorted apples into three commercial varieties by size and defects from mechanical damage, diseases, and pests. The accuracy of sorting by size was 75.4 %, and by the presence of defects – 73.1 %.

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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Tabassum Kanwal; Saif Ur Rehman; Tariq Ali; Khalid Mahmood; +3 Authors

    Agriculture is a critical domain, where technology can have a significant impact on increasing yields, improving crop quality, and reducing environmental impact. The use of renewable energy sources such as solar power in agriculture has gained momentum in recent years due to the potential to reduce the carbon footprint of farming operations. In addition to providing a source of clean energy, solar tracking systems can also be used for remote weather monitoring in the agricultural field. The ability to collect real-time data on weather parameters such as temperature, humidity, and rainfall can help farmers make informed decisions on irrigation, pest control, and other crop management practices. The main idea of this study is to present a system that can improve the efficiency of solar panels to provide constant power to the sensor in the agricultural field and transfer real-time data to the app. This research presents a mechanism to improve the arrangement of a photovoltaic (PV) array with solar power and to produce maximum energy. The proposed system changes its direction in two axes (azimuth and elevation) by detecting the difference between the position of the sun and the panel to track the sun using a light-dependent resistor. A testbed with a hardware experimental setup is designed to test the system’s capability to track according to the position of the sun effectively. In the end, real-time data are displayed using the Android app, and the weather data are transferred to the app using a GSM/WiFi module. This research improves the existing system, and results showed that the relative increase in power generation was up to 52%. Using intelligent artificial intelligence techniques with the QoS algorithm, the quality of service produced by the existing system is improved.

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    Agriculture
    Other literature type . Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
    License: CC BY
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    Agriculture
    Article . 2023
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      Agriculture
      Other literature type . Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
      License: CC BY
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      Agriculture
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Saad Mazhar Khan; Imran Shafi; Wasi Haider Butt; Isabel de la Torre Díez; +3 Authors

    Society and the environment are severely impacted by catastrophic events, specifically floods. Inadequate emergency preparedness and response are frequently the result of the absence of a comprehensive plan for flood management. This article proposes a novel flood disaster management (FDM) system using the full lifecycle disaster event model (FLCNDEM), an abstract model based on the function super object. The proposed FDM system integrates data from existing flood protocols, languages, and patterns and analyzes viewing requests at various phases of an event to enhance preparedness and response. The construction of a task library and knowledge base to initialize FLCNDEM results in FLCDEM flooding response. The proposed FDM system improves the emergency response by offering a comprehensive framework for flood management, including pre-disaster planning, real-time monitoring, and post-disaster evaluation. The proposed system can be modified to accommodate various flood scenarios and enhance global flood management.

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    Land
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    Land
    Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Raquel Kissanga; Luís Catarino; Cristina Máguas; Ana I. R. Cabral; +1 Authors

    About 80% of Angola’s forest surface is covered by Miombo and Mopane woodlands, which are explored for diverse activities such as fuelwood and food. This study aimed to assess the recovery dynamics of Miombo and Mopane woodlands after the selective cutting of tree species for charcoal production. For that, the structure and composition of plant communities in 37 plots, located in southwestern Angola, were characterized in fallows of different ages. Results showed that the diameter at breast height, basal area, biomass, and biovolume of trees all rose as the age of the fallow increased, and there were no significant differences in richness, diversity, or dominance of trees between adult–young classes or recent–older fallows. In Mopane, fallows took longer to regenerate, were more affected by environmental and anthropogenic factors, and also presented a higher species adaptation to disturbance. There were more sprouter and seeder trees in Miombo, and new kilns were more distant from roads and villages. Moreover, the selective removal of species deeply altered the community structure and dynamics, despite not directly affecting tree diversity. Thus, new management strategies are needed to ensure the survival of these woodlands such as expanding protected areas and increasing systematic research.

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    Forests
    Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
    License: CC BY
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    Forests
    Article . 2023
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      Forests
      Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
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      Forests
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    Authors: E. V. Pankrutskaya; V. V. Skorina;

    Relevance. In Belarus, no full-fledged studies have previously been carried out to identify species diversity, to identify forms of vegetable beans that have similar genetic diversity. The purpose of the research is to determine the number and ratio of biotypes, to identify the level of genetic polymorphism in vegetable bean varieties by electrophoresis of storage proteins.Materials and Methods. The research was carried out at the BSAA in 2021–2022 on soddy-podzolic medium loamy soil. The experience was based on generally accepted methods and guidelines. The objects of research were 42 varieties of vegetable beans (34 - bush form) and (8 - climbing) of Belarusian and Russian selection. Analysis of seed storage proteins in vegetable bean varieties and identification of spectra were carried out according to the methods. To assess the differentiating positions (zones) of the spectrum, identify protein components, and estimate the molecular masses of proteins, standard marker solutions of proteins “Thermo Scientific” – Unstained Protein Ladder (range 5–112 kDa, number of identified proteins – 11) were used.Results. Differences between genotypes were revealed in internal genetic diversity and elements of the protein spectrum of globulins. It has been established that vegetable bean varieties are characterized by hidden genetic variability and a certain level of polymorphism with a different number of biotypes in the structure of the varietal population. In 60% of the analyzed forms, there is a direct relationship between the manifestation of rare, selection-significant components and the degree of complexity of the total component composition of the protein spectrum. This criterion has practical significance and can be used in breeding work with the vegetable bean crop.

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      Ovoŝi Rossii
      Article . 2023
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    Authors: Gordana Tamindžić; Sergei Azizbekian; Dragana Miljaković; Jan Turan; +4 Authors

    Nanopriming is a newly developed seed technology that improves seed germination, initial plant growth, and crop yield by enabling plants to withstand a variety of abiotic stresses. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of comprehensive metal-based (Co, Mn, Cu, Fe, Zn, Mo, and Se) nanopriming as compared to hydro- and non-primed seeds of three different pea cultivars in a germination test. Seed priming with nanoparticles (NPs) improved field pea quality via significant increase in germination energy (cv. E-244), final germination (cv. E-244, cv. Dukat), shoot length (cv. E-244, cv. Partner), root length (cv. E-244, cv. Dukat, cv. Partner), fresh shoot weight (cv. Partner), dry shoot weight (cv. Partner), seedling vigor index (cv. E-244, cv. Partner), and chlorophyll content (cv. Dukat, cv. Partner), as compared to both hydropriming and the control. Moreover, nanopriming led to significant improvements in shoot length, fresh shoot length, dry shoot length, seedling vigor index (cv. Dukat), and dry root weight (cv. E-244) as compared to the control only. In general, the highest effect on the examined parameters was achieved by nanopriming, indicating that this treatment may be utilized to raise field pea quality performance. To optimize the method, it is necessary to conduct extensive laboratory and field trials.

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    Agronomy
    Article . 2023
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    Agronomy
    Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
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      Agronomy
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    Authors: Mohammad Mobarak Hossain; Mohammod Abul Kashem; Md. Monirul Islam; Md. Sahidullah; +6 Authors

    The Internet of Things (IoT) has positioned itself globally as a dominant force in the technology sector. IoT, a technology based on interconnected devices, has found applications in various research areas, including healthcare. Embedded devices and wearable technologies powered by IoT have been shown to be effective in patient monitoring and management systems, with a particular focus on pregnant women. This study provides a comprehensive systematic review of the literature on IoT architectures, systems, models and devices used to monitor and manage complications during pregnancy, postpartum and neonatal care. The study identifies emerging research trends and highlights existing research challenges and gaps, offering insights to improve the well-being of pregnant women at a critical moment in their lives. The literature review and discussions presented here serve as valuable resources for stakeholders in this field and pave the way for new and effective paradigms. Additionally, we outline a future research scope discussion for the benefit of researchers and healthcare professionals.

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    Sensors
    Article . 2023
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    Sensors
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    Sensors
    Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
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      Sensors
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      Sensors
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    Authors: Muhammad Shoaib Farooq; Muhammad Abdullah; Shamyla Riaz; Atif Alvi; +5 Authors

    The Internet of Things (IoT) is an innovative technology that presents effective and attractive solutions to revolutionize various domains. Numerous solutions based on the IoT have been designed to automate industries, manufacturing units, and production houses to mitigate human involvement in hazardous operations. Owing to the large number of publications in the IoT paradigm, in particular those focusing on industrial IoT (IIoT), a comprehensive survey is significantly important to provide insights into recent developments. This survey presents the workings of the IoT-based smart industry and its major components and proposes the state-of-the-art network infrastructure, including structured layers of IIoT architecture, IIoT network topologies, protocols, and devices. Furthermore, the relationship between IoT-based industries and key technologies is analyzed, including big data storage, cloud computing, and data analytics. A detailed discussion of IIoT-based application domains, smartphone application solutions, and sensor- and device-based IIoT applications developed for the management of the smart industry is also presented. Consequently, IIoT-based security attacks and their relevant countermeasures are highlighted. By analyzing the essential components, their security risks, and available solutions, future research directions regarding the implementation of IIoT are outlined. Finally, a comprehensive discussion of open research challenges and issues related to the smart industry is also presented.

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    Sensors
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    Sensors
    Article . 2023
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      Sensors
      Article . 2023
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    Authors: Denis I. Dubrovin; Denis V. Veselkin; Andrei P. Gusev;

    To understand the alien plant invasion patterns, it is important to know if their consequences are equal in different regions, particularly in different parts of the secondary range. In this article, we estimated plant species richness in communities invaded by the North American tree Acer negundo L. in two remote regions: the Belarusian Polesia and the Middle Urals. We tested three hypotheses about: (1) decreased plant species richness in communities invaded by A. negundo; (2) presence of alien species in invaded communities—invasional meltdown hypothesis; and (3) different alien plant species richness in communities of different regions. In each region, 24 sample plots of 400 m2 were described: 12 invaded and 12 non-invaded by A. negundo. The species richness of invaded plots decreased: total richness decreased by 21%–43%; the richness of herbaceous plants decreased by 24%–43%; and woody richness decreased by 8%–44%. The proportion of alien herbs in plots invaded by A. negundo increased by 35%. This is the first, although not exhaustive, confirmation of the invasional meltdown hypothesis for communities invaded by A. negundo. Alien herbs increasingly invaded communities of the Belarusian Polesia, alien trees—communities of the Middle Urals. Thus, regional geographical and floristic conditions should be considered when assessing the invasion consequences.

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    Forests
    Article . 2023
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    Forests
    Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
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      Forests
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      Forests
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    Authors: N. S. Seliverstova; O. N. Shkutko; O. V. Grigoryeva;

    Objective: to describe certain structural changes in industry influenced by digitalization.Methods: general scientific, abstract-logical, dialectical, phenomenological methods, observation, and description.Results: the general statistical characteristics of digitalization in the processing industry are shown, based on the meta-analysis by HSE and Rosstat; two directions of structural changes in industry influenced by digitalization are identified: the growing digital maturity and increased use of the Russian solutions in the field of software and information-telecommunication technologies in general, including the respective equipment; and digitalization of communication processes in the field of sustainable development. Two technological features of industry digitalization are identified, namely: the platform nature and the use of the Russian technological solutions for further industry digitalization.Scientific novelty: it is proposed to consider the digital maturity indicators as an integral indicator of the development of a homogeneous group of economic agents; two directions of structural changes in the industrial sector among medium-tech industries are shown: firstly, the digital maturity growth and the increased use of the Russian solutions in the field of software and information-telecommunication technologies equipment; secondly, digitalization communication processes in the field of sustainable development.Practical significance: the clarification of the interrelationships between the processes of digitalization and industrial development will not only allow a more structured approach to the development of industrial policy research programs for medium-tech industries, but will also create a basis for deepening existing knowledge in this area (which can be used both in industrial companies themselves and in regional, federal, and international projects on digital transformation).

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    Authors: P. P. Kazakevich; D. I. Komlach; A. N. Yurin;

    This article describes the process of creating a training sample of an artificial neural network (hereinafter – ANN) of a vision system. Training the ANN was carried out on the basis of annotated images of real apples containing a description of various defects in the form of separate polygons using the LabelMe program. On the image of the fruit, the apple itself and its pomological features, such as receptacle, stalk and leaf, were marked, as well as 10 different fruit defects, each of which was given an appropriate name: mesh, pressure, cut, rot, scab, hailstone, etc. The obtained labeled images of fetuses with defects formed a reference training set for the ANN. The performance of the ANN was tested by evaluating the correctness of recognition of fetal images when comparing them with reference images. Training the ANN for each of the defects in apples was stopped when 95 % of the probability of correct assessment of the defect was reached. The ANN trained on the created training sample was used in the vision system of the LSP-4 production line, which sorted apples into three commercial varieties by size and defects from mechanical damage, diseases, and pests. The accuracy of sorting by size was 75.4 %, and by the presence of defects – 73.1 %.

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    Authors: Tabassum Kanwal; Saif Ur Rehman; Tariq Ali; Khalid Mahmood; +3 Authors

    Agriculture is a critical domain, where technology can have a significant impact on increasing yields, improving crop quality, and reducing environmental impact. The use of renewable energy sources such as solar power in agriculture has gained momentum in recent years due to the potential to reduce the carbon footprint of farming operations. In addition to providing a source of clean energy, solar tracking systems can also be used for remote weather monitoring in the agricultural field. The ability to collect real-time data on weather parameters such as temperature, humidity, and rainfall can help farmers make informed decisions on irrigation, pest control, and other crop management practices. The main idea of this study is to present a system that can improve the efficiency of solar panels to provide constant power to the sensor in the agricultural field and transfer real-time data to the app. This research presents a mechanism to improve the arrangement of a photovoltaic (PV) array with solar power and to produce maximum energy. The proposed system changes its direction in two axes (azimuth and elevation) by detecting the difference between the position of the sun and the panel to track the sun using a light-dependent resistor. A testbed with a hardware experimental setup is designed to test the system’s capability to track according to the position of the sun effectively. In the end, real-time data are displayed using the Android app, and the weather data are transferred to the app using a GSM/WiFi module. This research improves the existing system, and results showed that the relative increase in power generation was up to 52%. Using intelligent artificial intelligence techniques with the QoS algorithm, the quality of service produced by the existing system is improved.

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    Agriculture
    Other literature type . Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
    License: CC BY
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    Agriculture
    Article . 2023
    Data sources: DOAJ
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      Agriculture
      Other literature type . Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
      License: CC BY
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      Agriculture
      Article . 2023
      Data sources: DOAJ
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    Authors: Saad Mazhar Khan; Imran Shafi; Wasi Haider Butt; Isabel de la Torre Díez; +3 Authors

    Society and the environment are severely impacted by catastrophic events, specifically floods. Inadequate emergency preparedness and response are frequently the result of the absence of a comprehensive plan for flood management. This article proposes a novel flood disaster management (FDM) system using the full lifecycle disaster event model (FLCNDEM), an abstract model based on the function super object. The proposed FDM system integrates data from existing flood protocols, languages, and patterns and analyzes viewing requests at various phases of an event to enhance preparedness and response. The construction of a task library and knowledge base to initialize FLCNDEM results in FLCDEM flooding response. The proposed FDM system improves the emergency response by offering a comprehensive framework for flood management, including pre-disaster planning, real-time monitoring, and post-disaster evaluation. The proposed system can be modified to accommodate various flood scenarios and enhance global flood management.

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    Article . 2023
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    Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
    License: CC BY
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      Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
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