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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Junfeng Gao; Wenzhi Liao; David Nuyttens; Peter Lootens; +3 Authors

    Weed and crop segmentation is becoming an increasingly integral part of precision farming that leverages the current computer vision and deep learning technologies. Research has been extensively carried out based on images captured with a camera from various platforms. Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and ground-based vehicles including agricultural robots are the two popular platforms for data collection in fields. They all contribute to site-specific weed management (SSWM) to maintain crop yield. Currently, the data from these two platforms is processed separately, though sharing the same semantic objects (weed and crop). In our paper, we have proposed a novel method with a new deep learning-based model and the enhanced data augmentation pipeline to train field images alone and subsequently predict both field images and UAV images for weed segmentation and mapping. The network learning process is visualized by feature maps at shallow and deep layers. The results show that the mean intersection of union (IOU) values of the segmentation for the crop (maize), weeds, and soil background in the developed model for the field dataset are 0.744, 0.577, 0.979, respectively, and the performance of aerial images from an UAV with the same model, the IOU values of the segmentation for the crop (maize), weeds and soil background are 0.596, 0.407, and 0.875, respectively. To estimate the effect on the use of plant protection agents, we quantify the relationship between herbicide spraying saving rate and grid size (spraying resolution) based on the predicted weed map. The spraying saving rate is up to 90 % when the spraying resolution is at 1.78 x 1.78 cm2. The study shows that the developed deep convolutional neural network could be used to classify weeds from both field and aerial images and delivers satisfactory results. To achieve this performance, it is crucial to perform preprocessing techniques that reduce dataset differences between two distinct domains.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Expert Systems with ...arrow_drop_down
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    Expert Systems with Applications
    Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
    License: CC BY
    Data sources: Crossref
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Expert Systems with ...arrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      Expert Systems with Applications
      Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
      License: CC BY
      Data sources: Crossref
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Katoria Lekarkar; Albert Nkwasa; Lorenzo Villani; Ann van Griensven;

    Climate change is projected to increase the volatility of agricultural productivity within the Sub-Saharan Africa region. However, current knowledge of climate change impacts in this region is largely derived from coarse-grid global datasets that lack sufficient detail for local applications. The derived impacts are thus generalized across large spatial scales, with a limited representation the differential exposure across the region. It is thus necessary to conduct localized assessments to derive local vulnerabilities and develop context-specific mitigation strategies. This study utilizes downscaled outputs from regional climate models to quantify the effects of climate change on maize and sugarcane crops at catchment-scale, hereby the Nyando catchment in Kenya. The findings indicate that climate change will reduce the suitability of conditions to the growth of both crops, with sub-optimal conditions for maize increasing by up to 600%. The analysis of crop yields show that maize yields are projected to decline by about 23.9% under the RCP4.5 scenario and 29.4% under RCP8.5. Sugarcane yields are similarly projected to decrease by 17.0% and 28.6% for RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 respectively. The underlying climatic changes suggest that future warming outweighs the effects of precipitation in explaining crop yield declines. More broadly, the methodology applied in this study can be readily adapted and utilized for agricultural areas throughout the Sub-Saharan region. By adopting this localized impact assessment approach policymakers and sector players will be empowered with information at a higher spatial detail which empowers targeted, region-specific adaptation strategies.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Vrije Universiteit B...arrow_drop_down
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Vrije Universiteit B...arrow_drop_down
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  • image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Authors: Mohamed Sami Assenine; Walid Bechkit; Ichrak Mokhtari; Hervé Rivano; +1 Authors

    Monitoring pollution plumes is a key issue, given the harmful effects they cause. The dynamic of these plumes, which may be important due to meteorological conditions, makes their study difficult. Real-time monitoring in order to obtain an accurate mapping of the pollution dispersion is helpful and valuable to mitigate risks. In this work, we consider a fleet of cooperative drones carrying pollution sensors and operating in order to assess a pollution plume. The latter is assumed to follow a Gaussian Process (GP) with varying parameters. For this use case, we propose an efficient approach to characterize spatially and temporarily the plume while optimizing the path planning of drones. In our approach, drones are guided by a Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) model called Categorical Deep Q-Network (Categorical DQN) to maximize the plume coverage while considering budget constraints. Specifically, we develop a scalable Independent Q-Learning (IQL) scheme that shares team rewards based on each drone's deployment relevance and therefore ensures cooperation. We evaluate the performance of the plume parameter estimation as well as the maps generated by the GP regression. By testing our framework on several plume scenarios, we show that it offers good results in terms of both estimation quality and run-time efficiency. International audience

    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao https://doi.org/10.1...arrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2...
    Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
    License: IEEE Copyright
    Data sources: Crossref
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao https://doi.org/10.1...arrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2...
      Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
      License: IEEE Copyright
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Osório Nhiuane; Sá Nogueira Lisboa; Meizal Popat; Almeida Sitoe;

    Food insecurity, deforestation, and forest degradation are significant challenges to achieving the Sustainable Development Goals in sub-Saharan Africa. Slash-and-burn cultivation and conventional logging (timber and charcoal production) are two interrelated activities that lead to forest loss and undermine food security. However, the environmental and economic incentives to clear or conserve the forest have yet to be discovered. To address this gap, our study collected costs and benefits data to assess financial profitability and viability related to forest conversion to slash-and-burn cultivation options (e.g., mono-cropping of maize and intercropping between maize, cassava and pigeon peas) and forestry exploitation (logging and charcoal production) practices in smallholders in Zambézia province, central Mozambique. Conventional logging was the highest cost activity (1662 US$ ha−1) compared to charcoal production (278 US$ ha−1) and cropping systems. Estimated total costs for cropping ranged from 302 US$ ha−1 to 508 US$ ha−1. Cropping systems appear more profitable in the first year of investment (30 to 1495 US$ ha−1) than forestry activities. On the other hand, the estimated profits for logging and charcoal production are negative at 15 US$ ha−1 and 782 US$ ha−1, respectively. Regarding viability, cropping systems showed the highest indicators compared to forestry activities. Based on the financial assessment, cropping systems seem attractive land use options with the fastest and highest financial returns and the lowest production costs. As such, it is not easy to prevent them. The long-term implications of increasing deforestation to the detriment of the cropping system can translate into rapid ecosystem degradation that can worsen livelihoods.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Trees, Forests and P...arrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Trees, Forests and People
    Article . 2024
    Data sources: DOAJ
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Trees, Forests and People
    Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
    License: CC BY NC ND
    Data sources: Crossref
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Trees, Forests and P...arrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      Trees, Forests and People
      Article . 2024
      Data sources: DOAJ
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      Trees, Forests and People
      Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
      License: CC BY NC ND
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Vermeulen, Liezl Mari;

    Data accompanying the paper: L.M. Vermeulen, B. Verbist, K. Van Meerbeek, J. Slingsby, P.N. Bernardino, B. Somers. 2024. Wetness severity increases abrupt shifts in ecosystem functioning in arid savannas.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ ZENODOarrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    ZENODO
    Dataset . 2024
    License: CC BY
    Data sources: ZENODO
    ZENODO
    Dataset . 2024
    License: CC BY
    Data sources: Datacite
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ ZENODOarrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      ZENODO
      Dataset . 2024
      License: CC BY
      Data sources: ZENODO
      ZENODO
      Dataset . 2024
      License: CC BY
      Data sources: Datacite
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Gebara, Sebastien; Adans Dester, Gilles; Bairy, Laurent;

    A 63-year-old man with stage 3a chronic kidney disease (CKD) and mild hyperkalemia was scheduled for a robot-assisted prostatectomy. He was being treated with lisinopril. Owing to mild hyperkalemia (6.2 mmol/L), lisinopril was discontinued, and sodium polystyrene sulfonate was administered on the day before surgery. Three hours after incision, electrocardiographic signs of hyperkalemia manifested with the serum potassium concentration rising to 8 mmol/L. Although hyperkalemia is a common and well-documented side effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors in patients with CKD, we report an extreme increase in potassium within a very short time period despite prior drug discontinuation.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Dépôt Institutionel ...arrow_drop_down
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    A & A Practice
    Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
    Data sources: Crossref
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Dépôt Institutionel ...arrow_drop_down
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      A & A Practice
      Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
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  • image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Authors: De Brouwer, Mathias; De Turck, Filip; Ongenae, Femke;

    In the Internet of Things (IoT), semantic IoT platforms are often used to solve the challenges associated with the real-time integration of heterogeneous IoT sensor data, domain knowledge and context information. Existing platforms mostly have a static distribution and configuration of queries deployed on the platform's stream processing components. In contrast, the environmental context in which queries are deployed has a very dynamic nature: real-world set-ups involve varying tasks, device resource usage, networking conditions, etc. To solve this mismatch, this paper presents DIVIDE, an IoT platform component built on Semantic Web technologies. DIVIDE has a generic design containing multiple subcomponents that monitor the environment across a cascading architecture. By monitoring the use case context, DIVIDE adaptively derives the appropriate stream processing queries in a context-aware way. Using a Local Monitor deployed on edge devices, situational context parameters are measured and aggregated. The Meta Model allows modeling these measurements, and meta-information about devices and deployed stream processing queries. Through the definition of application-specific Global Monitor queries that are continuously evaluated centrally on the Meta Model, end users can dynamically configure how the situational context should influence the window parameter configuration and distribution of queries in the network. The paper evaluates a first implementation of DIVIDE on a homecare monitoring use case. The results show how DIVIDE can successfully adapt to varying device and networking conditions, taking into account the use case requirements. This way, DIVIDE allows better balancing use case specific trade-offs and achieves more efficient stream processing.

    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Journal of Network a...arrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Journal of Network a...arrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
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    Authors: Anaïs Saenger; Frédéric André; Mathieu Jonard; Manuel Nicolas; +1 Authors

    The temporal change of soil chemistry in the forest floor and mineral soil down to a depth of 40 cm was assessed for the 102 permanent plots of the French Network for the Monitoring of Forest Ecosystems (RENECOFOR), over a 15-year period (from 1993–1995 to 2007–2012). In examining the separate and joint evolutions of a large set of parameters, many significant changes were detected reflecting the fact that French forest soils were not in a steady state. A significant increase in soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks was found, mainly in the surface soil (13.0% increase over the forest floor and the 0–10 cm layer). Conversely, the relative increase of the total nitrogen (Ntot) stocks was lower in the surface soil (4.8% increase), and a general and sharp decline of Ntot was detected between 10 and 40 cm depth (12.0% decrease). These results led to a substantial raise of C/N ratio over the whole soil profile. Another major finding is the difference in soil acidification recovery depending on the initial trophic level. In highly acidified contexts (top soil pH H2O < 4.5), increased soil acidification (pH and base saturation decrease, exchangeable Al increase) over the profile was observed while exchangeable base cation (Ca, Mg, K) pools increased. On the other hand, less acidic soils saw their global buffer capacity enhanced. These observations contrast with what is measured in other European inventories. While a previous study carried out on the same plots and over the same period highlighted SOC as a major driver of soil evolution in the top mineral soil, the possible mechanisms behind the large N decrease in the lower mineral soil remain to be confirmed.

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    Frontiers in Forests and Global Change
    Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
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      Frontiers in Forests and Global Change
      Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Van Audenhove, Leo; Vermeire, Lotte; Van den Broeck, Wendy; Demeulenaere, Andy;

    Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyse data literacy in the new Digital Competence Framework for Citizens (DigComp 2.2). Mid-2022 the Joint Research Centre of the European Commission published a new version of the DigComp (EC, 2022). This new version focusses more on the datafication of society and emerging technologies, such as artificial intelligence. This paper analyses how DigComp 2.2 defines data literacy and how the framework looks at this from a societal lens. Design/methodology/approach This study critically examines DigComp 2.2, using the data literacy competence model developed by the Knowledge Centre for Digital and Media Literacy Flanders-Belgium. The examples of knowledge, skills and attitudes focussing on data literacy (n = 84) are coded and mapped onto the data literacy competence model, which differentiates between using data and understanding data. Findings Data literacy is well-covered in the framework, but there is a stronger emphasis on understanding data rather than using data, for example, collecting data is only coded once. Thematically, DigComp 2.2 primarily focusses on security and privacy (31 codes), with less attention given to the societal impact of data, such as environmental impact or data fairness. Originality/value Given the datafication of society, data literacy has become increasingly important. DigComp is widely used across different disciplines and now integrates data literacy as a required competence for citizens. It is, thus, relevant to analyse its views on data literacy and emerging technologies, as it will have a strong impact on education in Europe.

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    Information and Learning Sciences
    Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
    License: Emerald Insight Site Policies
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      Information and Learning Sciences
      Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
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    Authors: Gillerot, Loïc; Landuyt, Dries; De Frenne, Pieter; Muys, Bart; +1 Authors
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Ghent University Aca...arrow_drop_down
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    Urban Forestry & Urban Greening
    Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
    License: Elsevier TDM
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      Urban Forestry & Urban Greening
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Junfeng Gao; Wenzhi Liao; David Nuyttens; Peter Lootens; +3 Authors

    Weed and crop segmentation is becoming an increasingly integral part of precision farming that leverages the current computer vision and deep learning technologies. Research has been extensively carried out based on images captured with a camera from various platforms. Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and ground-based vehicles including agricultural robots are the two popular platforms for data collection in fields. They all contribute to site-specific weed management (SSWM) to maintain crop yield. Currently, the data from these two platforms is processed separately, though sharing the same semantic objects (weed and crop). In our paper, we have proposed a novel method with a new deep learning-based model and the enhanced data augmentation pipeline to train field images alone and subsequently predict both field images and UAV images for weed segmentation and mapping. The network learning process is visualized by feature maps at shallow and deep layers. The results show that the mean intersection of union (IOU) values of the segmentation for the crop (maize), weeds, and soil background in the developed model for the field dataset are 0.744, 0.577, 0.979, respectively, and the performance of aerial images from an UAV with the same model, the IOU values of the segmentation for the crop (maize), weeds and soil background are 0.596, 0.407, and 0.875, respectively. To estimate the effect on the use of plant protection agents, we quantify the relationship between herbicide spraying saving rate and grid size (spraying resolution) based on the predicted weed map. The spraying saving rate is up to 90 % when the spraying resolution is at 1.78 x 1.78 cm2. The study shows that the developed deep convolutional neural network could be used to classify weeds from both field and aerial images and delivers satisfactory results. To achieve this performance, it is crucial to perform preprocessing techniques that reduce dataset differences between two distinct domains.

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    Expert Systems with Applications
    Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
    License: CC BY
    Data sources: Crossref
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
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      Expert Systems with Applications
      Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Katoria Lekarkar; Albert Nkwasa; Lorenzo Villani; Ann van Griensven;

    Climate change is projected to increase the volatility of agricultural productivity within the Sub-Saharan Africa region. However, current knowledge of climate change impacts in this region is largely derived from coarse-grid global datasets that lack sufficient detail for local applications. The derived impacts are thus generalized across large spatial scales, with a limited representation the differential exposure across the region. It is thus necessary to conduct localized assessments to derive local vulnerabilities and develop context-specific mitigation strategies. This study utilizes downscaled outputs from regional climate models to quantify the effects of climate change on maize and sugarcane crops at catchment-scale, hereby the Nyando catchment in Kenya. The findings indicate that climate change will reduce the suitability of conditions to the growth of both crops, with sub-optimal conditions for maize increasing by up to 600%. The analysis of crop yields show that maize yields are projected to decline by about 23.9% under the RCP4.5 scenario and 29.4% under RCP8.5. Sugarcane yields are similarly projected to decrease by 17.0% and 28.6% for RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 respectively. The underlying climatic changes suggest that future warming outweighs the effects of precipitation in explaining crop yield declines. More broadly, the methodology applied in this study can be readily adapted and utilized for agricultural areas throughout the Sub-Saharan region. By adopting this localized impact assessment approach policymakers and sector players will be empowered with information at a higher spatial detail which empowers targeted, region-specific adaptation strategies.

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  • image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Authors: Mohamed Sami Assenine; Walid Bechkit; Ichrak Mokhtari; Hervé Rivano; +1 Authors

    Monitoring pollution plumes is a key issue, given the harmful effects they cause. The dynamic of these plumes, which may be important due to meteorological conditions, makes their study difficult. Real-time monitoring in order to obtain an accurate mapping of the pollution dispersion is helpful and valuable to mitigate risks. In this work, we consider a fleet of cooperative drones carrying pollution sensors and operating in order to assess a pollution plume. The latter is assumed to follow a Gaussian Process (GP) with varying parameters. For this use case, we propose an efficient approach to characterize spatially and temporarily the plume while optimizing the path planning of drones. In our approach, drones are guided by a Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) model called Categorical Deep Q-Network (Categorical DQN) to maximize the plume coverage while considering budget constraints. Specifically, we develop a scalable Independent Q-Learning (IQL) scheme that shares team rewards based on each drone's deployment relevance and therefore ensures cooperation. We evaluate the performance of the plume parameter estimation as well as the maps generated by the GP regression. By testing our framework on several plume scenarios, we show that it offers good results in terms of both estimation quality and run-time efficiency. International audience

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    https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2...
    Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
    License: IEEE Copyright
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      https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2...
      Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
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    Authors: Osório Nhiuane; Sá Nogueira Lisboa; Meizal Popat; Almeida Sitoe;

    Food insecurity, deforestation, and forest degradation are significant challenges to achieving the Sustainable Development Goals in sub-Saharan Africa. Slash-and-burn cultivation and conventional logging (timber and charcoal production) are two interrelated activities that lead to forest loss and undermine food security. However, the environmental and economic incentives to clear or conserve the forest have yet to be discovered. To address this gap, our study collected costs and benefits data to assess financial profitability and viability related to forest conversion to slash-and-burn cultivation options (e.g., mono-cropping of maize and intercropping between maize, cassava and pigeon peas) and forestry exploitation (logging and charcoal production) practices in smallholders in Zambézia province, central Mozambique. Conventional logging was the highest cost activity (1662 US$ ha−1) compared to charcoal production (278 US$ ha−1) and cropping systems. Estimated total costs for cropping ranged from 302 US$ ha−1 to 508 US$ ha−1. Cropping systems appear more profitable in the first year of investment (30 to 1495 US$ ha−1) than forestry activities. On the other hand, the estimated profits for logging and charcoal production are negative at 15 US$ ha−1 and 782 US$ ha−1, respectively. Regarding viability, cropping systems showed the highest indicators compared to forestry activities. Based on the financial assessment, cropping systems seem attractive land use options with the fastest and highest financial returns and the lowest production costs. As such, it is not easy to prevent them. The long-term implications of increasing deforestation to the detriment of the cropping system can translate into rapid ecosystem degradation that can worsen livelihoods.

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    Trees, Forests and People
    Article . 2024
    Data sources: DOAJ
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    Trees, Forests and People
    Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
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      Trees, Forests and People
      Article . 2024
      Data sources: DOAJ
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      Trees, Forests and People
      Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
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    Authors: Vermeulen, Liezl Mari;

    Data accompanying the paper: L.M. Vermeulen, B. Verbist, K. Van Meerbeek, J. Slingsby, P.N. Bernardino, B. Somers. 2024. Wetness severity increases abrupt shifts in ecosystem functioning in arid savannas.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ ZENODOarrow_drop_down
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    ZENODO
    Dataset . 2024
    License: CC BY
    Data sources: ZENODO
    ZENODO
    Dataset . 2024
    License: CC BY
    Data sources: Datacite
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      ZENODO
      Dataset . 2024
      License: CC BY
      Data sources: ZENODO
      ZENODO
      Dataset . 2024
      License: CC BY
      Data sources: Datacite
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    Authors: Gebara, Sebastien; Adans Dester, Gilles; Bairy, Laurent;

    A 63-year-old man with stage 3a chronic kidney disease (CKD) and mild hyperkalemia was scheduled for a robot-assisted prostatectomy. He was being treated with lisinopril. Owing to mild hyperkalemia (6.2 mmol/L), lisinopril was discontinued, and sodium polystyrene sulfonate was administered on the day before surgery. Three hours after incision, electrocardiographic signs of hyperkalemia manifested with the serum potassium concentration rising to 8 mmol/L. Although hyperkalemia is a common and well-documented side effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors in patients with CKD, we report an extreme increase in potassium within a very short time period despite prior drug discontinuation.

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    A & A Practice
    Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
    Data sources: Crossref
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      A & A Practice
      Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
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  • image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Authors: De Brouwer, Mathias; De Turck, Filip; Ongenae, Femke;

    In the Internet of Things (IoT), semantic IoT platforms are often used to solve the challenges associated with the real-time integration of heterogeneous IoT sensor data, domain knowledge and context information. Existing platforms mostly have a static distribution and configuration of queries deployed on the platform's stream processing components. In contrast, the environmental context in which queries are deployed has a very dynamic nature: real-world set-ups involve varying tasks, device resource usage, networking conditions, etc. To solve this mismatch, this paper presents DIVIDE, an IoT platform component built on Semantic Web technologies. DIVIDE has a generic design containing multiple subcomponents that monitor the environment across a cascading architecture. By monitoring the use case context, DIVIDE adaptively derives the appropriate stream processing queries in a context-aware way. Using a Local Monitor deployed on edge devices, situational context parameters are measured and aggregated. The Meta Model allows modeling these measurements, and meta-information about devices and deployed stream processing queries. Through the definition of application-specific Global Monitor queries that are continuously evaluated centrally on the Meta Model, end users can dynamically configure how the situational context should influence the window parameter configuration and distribution of queries in the network. The paper evaluates a first implementation of DIVIDE on a homecare monitoring use case. The results show how DIVIDE can successfully adapt to varying device and networking conditions, taking into account the use case requirements. This way, DIVIDE allows better balancing use case specific trade-offs and achieves more efficient stream processing.

    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Journal of Network a...arrow_drop_down
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
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    Authors: Anaïs Saenger; Frédéric André; Mathieu Jonard; Manuel Nicolas; +1 Authors

    The temporal change of soil chemistry in the forest floor and mineral soil down to a depth of 40 cm was assessed for the 102 permanent plots of the French Network for the Monitoring of Forest Ecosystems (RENECOFOR), over a 15-year period (from 1993–1995 to 2007–2012). In examining the separate and joint evolutions of a large set of parameters, many significant changes were detected reflecting the fact that French forest soils were not in a steady state. A significant increase in soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks was found, mainly in the surface soil (13.0% increase over the forest floor and the 0–10 cm layer). Conversely, the relative increase of the total nitrogen (Ntot) stocks was lower in the surface soil (4.8% increase), and a general and sharp decline of Ntot was detected between 10 and 40 cm depth (12.0% decrease). These results led to a substantial raise of C/N ratio over the whole soil profile. Another major finding is the difference in soil acidification recovery depending on the initial trophic level. In highly acidified contexts (top soil pH H2O < 4.5), increased soil acidification (pH and base saturation decrease, exchangeable Al increase) over the profile was observed while exchangeable base cation (Ca, Mg, K) pools increased. On the other hand, less acidic soils saw their global buffer capacity enhanced. These observations contrast with what is measured in other European inventories. While a previous study carried out on the same plots and over the same period highlighted SOC as a major driver of soil evolution in the top mineral soil, the possible mechanisms behind the large N decrease in the lower mineral soil remain to be confirmed.

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    Frontiers in Forests and Global Change
    Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
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      Frontiers in Forests and Global Change
      Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
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    Authors: Van Audenhove, Leo; Vermeire, Lotte; Van den Broeck, Wendy; Demeulenaere, Andy;

    Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyse data literacy in the new Digital Competence Framework for Citizens (DigComp 2.2). Mid-2022 the Joint Research Centre of the European Commission published a new version of the DigComp (EC, 2022). This new version focusses more on the datafication of society and emerging technologies, such as artificial intelligence. This paper analyses how DigComp 2.2 defines data literacy and how the framework looks at this from a societal lens. Design/methodology/approach This study critically examines DigComp 2.2, using the data literacy competence model developed by the Knowledge Centre for Digital and Media Literacy Flanders-Belgium. The examples of knowledge, skills and attitudes focussing on data literacy (n = 84) are coded and mapped onto the data literacy competence model, which differentiates between using data and understanding data. Findings Data literacy is well-covered in the framework, but there is a stronger emphasis on understanding data rather than using data, for example, collecting data is only coded once. Thematically, DigComp 2.2 primarily focusses on security and privacy (31 codes), with less attention given to the societal impact of data, such as environmental impact or data fairness. Originality/value Given the datafication of society, data literacy has become increasingly important. DigComp is widely used across different disciplines and now integrates data literacy as a required competence for citizens. It is, thus, relevant to analyse its views on data literacy and emerging technologies, as it will have a strong impact on education in Europe.

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    Information and Learning Sciences
    Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
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      Information and Learning Sciences
      Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
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    Authors: Gillerot, Loïc; Landuyt, Dries; De Frenne, Pieter; Muys, Bart; +1 Authors
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Ghent University Aca...arrow_drop_down
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    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Urban Forestry & Urban Greening
    Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
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      Urban Forestry & Urban Greening
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