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This report is the most recent in a series aimed at monitoring economic developments in Ghana and has two sections. The first section summarizes the recent macroeconomic developments in the country while the second section presents the main findings on poverty and employment published recently by the Ghana statistical service. Ghana s overall macroeconomic conditions have deteriorated further in 2014 with large twin-deficits lingering, fueling government debt and inflation, a sharp depreciation of its currency, and a weaker pace of economic growth. The fiscal deficit remains the biggest source of vulnerability in the Ghanaian economy. Preliminary figures show the fiscal deficit was 9.2 percent of GDP in the first half of 2014, driven by the high wage bill and rising interest costs. The wage bill grew 25.7 percent (y-o-y) during the first half of 2014 despite promised measures to contain it, while interest payments reached 5% of GDP. Total domestic revenue collections were dragged down by a contraction in non-tax revenue while tax revenue only increased slightly to 15.6 percent of GDP. With large expenditures planned for the second half of the year, the deficit is projected to be around 10% of GDP, above the government s 8.8 percent target for 2014. A careful analysis of the determinants of poverty and inequality, and their interaction with labor market variables is just beginning, as the 2013 surveys were just released. However, these preliminary findings highlight how critical are Ghana s policy decisions over the next 12 months to pursue more inclusive and stable growth. Urgent efforts are needed to build a more predictable policy environment that facilitates diversification from capital intensive activities in extractive industries towards more labor and land intensive activities in the agriculture and service sectors.

Abstract copyright UK Data Service and data collection copyright owner. The Household Survey for Evaluation of Livelihood and Food Security Initiatives in Lower and Middle Juba Regions, Somalia, 2014 data were collected by Oxfam GB as part of the organisation's Global Performance Framework. Under this framework, a small number of completed or mature projects are selected at random each year for an evaluation of their impact, known as an Effectiveness Review. This data was used to evaluate the impact of the 'Community Driven Livelihood and Food Security Initiatives (CLFSI)' project which took place in the Lower and Middle Juba Regions of South Somalia between 2010 and 2013. The overall objective of the project was to promote competitive economic initiatives in the regions. Specifically, the project aimed at strengthening the productive capacity of households by improving their production systems ensuring sustainable food security, income generation through food production, rehabilitation of productive assets (e.g. dykes and canals), and asset transfer together with rehabilitation of livestock market. Income-generating activities focused on supporting small-scale traders with cash and support to small household business. The review adopted a quasi-experimental impact evaluation design, which involved comparing households that had been supported by the project with households in neighbouring communities that had similar characteristics in 2009 (as reported in recall questions). In total, 200 project participants from 11 regions and 434 non-participants from 11 regions were interviewed. Anonymisation: Respondent names have been removed. Community names have been removed and replaced with codes in random order. The following variables have been recoded so as to prevent unique cases that may allow identification of the respondents: household size (capped at 11 members), age (binned in 5-year intervals), size of house (capped at 4+ huts), material of house roof (combined categories) and principal livelihood of household (combined categories). Main Topics: Impact of strengthening production systems to improve food security in Somalia. Simple random sample Purposive selection/case studies In the beneficiary group, sample was randomly selected from households from the project area that r Face-to-face interview

Seeds are a main source of all food and agricultural production. On-farm seed practices have been responsible for the management, conservation and renewal of genetic diversity in agriculture. Scientifically supported breeding started only in the 20th century. This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 633571. No

Légende manuscrite sur le document original : "France : Plaines de la Saône et du Rhône : Plaine et collines rhodaniennes du Comtat de Provence : Cépage d'Aramon (Gard), transport du raisin en wagonnets". Les plaques de verre déposées à Prodig datent de 1891 à 1954. Géolocalisation approximative centrée sur Aramon.

Many types of the coastal land use in Banten Bay have been assessed in order to know the change as evidently detected by Landsat imagery in 1994 and 2001. Image processing such as, supervised classification and various change detection techniques are performed to the satellite images. Red Green method showed the best result for detecting the coastal land use change. This method is suitable for detecting the increasing areas of the paddy fields and settlement. Image Differencing method is capable to detect the increasing areas in agriculture, decreasing in fishponds and natural areas. Image Ratioing method can be considered suitable for detecting the increasing area of fishponds, decreasing of paddy fields and agriculture areas. Each coastal land use type has increased, except for the natural area/brushwood. Most of agriculture and paddy fields areas have been converted to fish ponds.

Bu çalışma, 11-15 Temmuz 2010 tarihleri arasında Denver[Amerika Birleşik Devletleri]’da düzenlenen Joint Annual Meeting of the American-Dairy-Science-Association/Poultry-Science-Association/Asociacion-Mexicana-de-Produccion-Animal/Canadian-Society-of-Animal-Science/Western Section of the American-Society-of-Animal-Science’da bildiri olarak sunulmuştur. Amer Dairy Sci Assoc Poultry Sci Assoc Asociacion Mexicana de Produccion Animal Canadian Soc Anim Sci Amer Soc Anim Sci

The report outlines the macroeconomic stability in the Dominican Republic during the 1990s, suggesting its strong economic growth, and poverty reduction, will contribute to the gradual transformation the country is undergoing towards policy reform. It analyzes poverty, especially severe in rural areas, where misdirected agriculture policies, and insufficient public investments, such as education, limit opportunities. But, the advancing trade liberalization, is expected to reduce export taxes, and although displaced industrial, and agricultural activities will be subjected to adjustment costs, there will nonetheless be improvements in consumers' welfare, and real wages. However, public resources for education remain very low, particularly for secondary education, and this should be considered as key element of the government's poverty reduction strategy, in addition to the establishment of safety nets to curtail malnutrition, and expand health, and sanitation programs, to tackle the extreme poverty. Recommendations suggest, first, to reduce macroeconomic vulnerabilities, through tight fiscal, and monetary policies, and, second, implement reforms, to prod a business environment, and, a strengthened banking sector, through market, and regulatory mechanisms.

Our global food system contributes to climate change, shortages of accessible freshwater supplies, declining biodiversity, deforestation, unsustainable land use practices, and increased risks to human health. Furthermore, our food system is inequitable and unjust, with communities of color, people of lower socio-economic status, and women facing disproportionate burdens of these inequalities. To address these crises and promote social-ecological resilience, scholars and advocates are calling for a re-localization of food systems at the city-level. Without examples to draw from, the concept of a socio-ecologically resilient food system within the urban context is still largely theoretical. To address gaps in our understanding and incorporate the insights of those already working within urban food frameworks and toward changing current food system outcomes, this dissertation explores how resilience is conceptualized by innovative, active food organizations (e.g., food justice advocates, urban farms) within urban contexts and within locally relevant policies/plans. Using Los Angeles County as a case study, textual data were collected and analyzed from selected organizations, in-depth, open-ended interviews with associated program directors, and planning and policy documents. Results indicate that resilient food systems promote community-level access to food that is sustainably produced, healthful, equitably accessible, and culturally relevant. External constraints for promoting resilient food systems mirror larger systemic risks facing other sectors (i.e., climate change, economic and social inequalities, conflicts over space). Extreme food waste, limited knowledge of food preparation, production and distribution, and onerous or ambiguous regulations are additional barriers. Furthermore, a globalized food economy and environmental challenges threaten the viability of smaller-scale farms. Opportunities for transforming our current food system through urban-led efforts and achieving more resilient food systems include: (i) activating the citizenry to mobilize around food issues; (ii) policymaking and institutionalizing change through multiple strategies (e.g., strategic policy framing), in multiple forms (e.g., formal and informal), and at various levels of governance (e.g., city and state); and (iii) embracing and supporting an integrated, diversified urban food system (e.g., supporting regenerative agriculture, reintegrating agriculture into all urban spaces, bridging small scale food production with community demand). Findings indicate the potential for cities to be instrumental in promoting food system resilience locally and even at the state level, by incorporating justice and equity into urban food policy and planning.

The World Bank Group (WBG) Forest Action Plan FY16-20 aims to integrate the sustainable management of forests more fully into development decisions and define priorities for WBG interventions in the next five years. It focuses on two areas of engagement: i) Sustainable Forestry, where the WBG aims to have investments contributing to sustainable management of forests and value chains and (ii) Forest-Smart Interventions, where WBG aims to have interventions in other sectors not come at the expense of forest capital. These two focus areas build on three cross-cutting themes: climate change and resilience, rights and participation; and institutions and governance.

24x36 mm, gélatine plan-film. Le lieu exact de prise de vue n'a pas été identifié au moment du traitement de la photographie.