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Seeds are a main source of all food and agricultural production. On-farm seed practices have been responsible for the management, conservation and renewal of genetic diversity in agriculture. Scientifically supported breeding started only in the 20th century. This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 633571. No

Aprovada pel Consell Plenari del Districte de Ciutat Vella de 15-10-2020 Mesura de govern elaborada en el context de desconfinament davant l’emergència provocada per la COVID-19. Government measure prepared in the context of deconfinement to the emergency caused by COVID-19. Medida de gobierno elaborada en el contexto de desconfinamiento ante la emergencia provocada por la COVID-19.

L'Ajuntament impulsa un model organitzatiu que posa les persones i els valors al centre basat en el desenvolupament de projectes que s'emmarquen en cinc línies d'actuació: benestar de les persones, creixement professional, desenvolupament organitzacional, transformació digital, dimensionament i valoració dels llocs de treball.

Background: Child malnutrition is a major epidemiological problem in developing countries, especially in African countries. Nutrition education for mothers can alleviate this malnutrition in their young children. The objective of this study was to make a systematic review to assess the effect of intervention programs in nutrition education for African mothers on the nutritional status of their infants. Methods: A bibliographic search was carried out in the PubMed database for clinical trials between November 2012 and 2021. The studies should contain educational programs to evaluate the impact on the infant's nutritional indicators in children under 5 years (food consumption, anthropometry and/or knowledge of nutrition in caretakers). Results: A total of 20 articles were selected, of which 53% evaluated infant's food consumption, 82% anthropometric measurements and 30% nutritional knowledge. In general, nutritional education programs are accredited with some significant improvements in food and nutrient consumption, knowledge and dietary practices in complementary feeding, but only those studies that implemented strategies in agriculture, educational workshops and supplementation obtained reductions in chronic malnutrition figures. Limitations: There is high heterogeneity in the articles included, since the intervention programs have different approaches. Conclusions: Programs that implemented actions of national agriculture or nutritional supplementation reap the greatest benefits in curbing infant malnutrition.

Este documento analiza las competencias financieras de las empresas españolas de menos de 50 trabajadores (pequeñas empresas) a partir de una encuesta elaborada por el Banco de España entre marzo y mayo de 2021, que se engloba dentro de un proyecto desarrollado por la Organización para la Cooperación y el Desarrollo Económicos (OCDE): International Network on Financial Education (OCDE/INFE). La encuesta incluye una serie de preguntas con el objetivo de medir las competencias financieras de las empresas (conocimientos, actitudes y comportamientos financieros), así como la tenencia de instrumentos financieros, el impacto de la crisis del COVID-19 sobre su actividad o el nivel de digitalización de la empresa. Estas preguntas deben de ser contestadas por el propietario de la empresa, siempre que tome alguna decisión financiera en relación con aquella. Los principales resultados de la encuesta apuntan a que, en general, en España los propietarios de las empresas con menos de 20 trabajadores y las empresas de servicios de alojamiento y hostelería, construcción y otros servicios personales (grupo heterogéneo de ramas, que incluiría empresas de educación, reparaciones o lavandería, entre otras) presentan unos conocimientos financieros bajos en comparación con las empresas de entre 20 y 49 trabajadores y con las del resto de los sectores. En cuanto a las actitudes financieras, los propietarios de las empresas de más de 10 trabajadores presentan una mayor tendencia a establecer objetivos financieros a largo plazo respecto a los propietarios de empresas de menos de 10 trabajadores. Algunos comportamientos financieros están menos generalizados en las empresas de menor tamaño (y especialmente en las de menos de 5 trabajadores), como, por ejemplo, disponer de estrategias en caso de robo y considerar opciones de distintos proveedores de productos o de servicios financieros. Finalmente, las pequeñas empresas españolas, independientemente de su tamaño, sobresalen por el bajo porcentaje de propietarios que han pensado en la financiación de su jubilación. El uso de los instrumentos de capital y de otras formas de financiación más recientes como los bonos sostenibles, los business angels o la financiación participativa) es marginal en las pequeñas empresas españolas. Asimismo, es limitado en estas empresas el empleo del seguro de daños materiales, y principalmente del de interrupción de negocio. No se observan diferencias importantes en los conocimientos, actitudes y comportamientos financieros según el género del propietario de la empresa. Además, en general, las competencias financieras medias en las pequeñas empresas mejoran con el nivel educativo tan solo si el propietario tiene formación concreta en temas relacionados con la empresa, la economía o las finanzas. Otras características que se asocian positivamente con las capacidades financieras, independientemente del nivel educativo, son disponer de 10 años de experiencia empresarial o tener un progenitor empresario. El impacto de la crisis del COVID-19 en el nivel de facturación, en los beneficios y en la deuda fue bastante similar en empresas con distintos grados de competencias financieras. Sin embargo, los efectos negativos en el empleo y en la liquidez fueron algo menores para los cuartiles más altos de competencias financieras de los propietarios. Adicionalmente, mayores conocimientos financieros estuvieron asociados a una probabilidad superior de solicitar y de obtener un nuevo préstamo o de beneficiarse de un aval público. Las empresas con menores conocimientos financieros sí utilizaron en mayor medida transferencias de renta, así como moratorias de alquiler. Finalmente, existe una relación positiva entre competencias financieras y mayor nivel de digitalización en la empresa con anterioridad a la pandemia. Sin embargo, no existe correlación de competencias financieras y un incremento de las actividades digitales tras el COVID-19. This paper analyses the financial competencies of Spanish enterprises with fewer than 50 employees (small enterprises) based on a survey conducted by the Banco de España between March and May 2021 as part of a project launched by the OECD (International Network on Financial Education, OECD/INFE). The survey includes a series of questions aimed at measuring firms’ financial competencies (financial knowledge, attitudes and behaviour) and the financial instruments held by them, the impact of the COVID-19 crisis on their activity and their level of digitalisation. It is the owners of the firms who should answer these questions insofar as it is they who make financial decisions in relation to their firm. The main results of the survey suggest that, in Spain, owners of enterprises with fewer than 20 employees have little financial knowledge compared with those of enterprises with between 20 and 49 employees. The same is true of firms in the accommodation and food service activities, construction and other personal service sectors (a heterogeneous group of sectors which would include firms in education, repairs or laundry services, among others) compared with firms in other sectors. In terms of financial attitudes, owners of firms with more than ten employees have a greater tendency to set long-term financial goals than owners of firms with fewer than ten employees. Some financial behaviours (such as having strategies in place in the event of theft or considering different options for their financial product and service providers) are less widespread among smaller firms, especially those with fewer than five employees. Lastly, the percentage of Spanish small enterprises, regardless of size, whose owners have thought about how to finance their retirement is remarkably low. The use of capital instruments and other more recent types of financing (such as sustainable bonds, business angels or crowdfunding) is marginal in small Spanish enterprises. Likewise, the use of property and, particularly, business interruption insurance is limited among these firms. There are no discernible, significant differences in financial knowledge, attitudes and behaviours in terms of the gender of the business owner. Also, in general, the average financial competencies in small enterprises improve with the level of educational attainment only if the owner has specific training in business, economics or finance. Other characteristics positively associated with financial competencies, irrespective of educational attainment, are having ten years of entrepreneurial experience or having an entrepreneur for a parent. The impact of the COVID-19 crisis on the level of turnover, profits and debt was quite similar for firms with different degrees of financial competencies. However, the negative impact on employment and liquidity was somewhat lower for the higher quartiles of owners’ financial competencies. Additionally, higher financial knowledge was associated with being more likely to apply for and obtain a new loan or benefit from a public guarantee. Firms with less financial knowledge did make greater use of income transfers and rental moratoria. Lastly, there is a positive correlation between financial competencies and a higher level of digitalisation in the firm pre-pandemic. However, there is no such correlation between financial competencies and digital activities following COVID-19.

In recent years, Internet of Things (IoT) systems have changed the way we live, work and do businesses in many areas, even those that until recently seemed unlikely. Some areas that can benefit from their application are, among others, healthcare, smart cities, industrial automation, smart agriculture, intelligent transportation systems, smart logistics, and emergency response. This research work proposes a novel alternative that allows the creation of IoT systems capable of making remote changes in devices' communication in a fast and agile manner. Our proposal gives way to some of the most common changes in communication made during the development and maintenance phase in IoT systems, like changing the destination of data transmission, sending the data to multiple destinations, and changing the frequency of sending data. Our solution, which is used in the programs, is loaded on the device. When the device starts, it connects to a configuration server in the background and listens for changes. The changes are sent to the configuration server using specified commands. When a change is detected, the command is processed, and the change in communication is applied without stopping the running program. We designed experiments to evaluate the complexity of the programs developed using our proposal and the actions needed to make a change.

“Connected Worlds: the Caribbean, Origin of Modern World”. This project has received funding from the European Union´s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant agreement Nº 823846. European Union´s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant agreement Nº 823846 Peer reviewed

Presentada al Consell Plenari del Districte de Sarrià Sant Gervasi de 17-12-2020 Mesura de govern elaborada en el context de desconfinament davant l’emergència provocada per la COVID-19. Inclou 5 línies estratègiques que s’enfoquen en l’impuls d’accions i projectes que permetin mantenir i fer més competitiu i innovador el model comercial del districte. Entre els objectius principals destaquen: protegir el comerç de proximitat, potenciar la competitivitat, la innovació i la transformació digital i suport a la campanya de Nadal Government measure prepared in the context of deconfinement to the emergency caused by COVID-19. Medida de gobierno elaborada en el contexto de desconfinamiento ante la emergencia provocada por la COVID-19.

Mapas de propiedades edáficas en suelos de Andalucía, elaborados siguiendo un procedimiento numérico de síntesis, a partir de la información edafológica geo-referenciada de la base de datos SDBm-SEISnet/IRNAS y del Sistema de Información Geológica y Minera de Andalucía. Esta colección de mapas de Andalucía (27 mapas) se refiere a los siguientes parámetros edáficos: materia orgánica, pH, contenido en arcilla, contenido en limo, contenido en arena, humedad equivalente, punto de marchitez y densidad aparente. Además, los mapas se diferencian según que dichos parámetros estén medidos en las siguientes profundidades del perfil vertical del suelo: 0-25 cm, 25-50 cm y todo el perfil. Esta infraestructura cartográfica puede resultar de gran utilidad para futuras interpretaciones y evaluaciones del uso y conservación de los suelos de Andalucía. Escala 1:1.400.000.-- Metodología: Se utilizan tecnologías SIG y teledetección espacial. Junta de Andalucía a través de un acuerdo específico entre DAP y el IRNAS. Peer reviewed

Estimation of the quality of food products is vital in determining the properties and validity of the food concerning the baking and other manufacturing processes. This article considers the quality estimation of the wheat bread that is baked under standard conditions. The sensory data are collected in real-time, and the obtained data are analysed using the efficient data analytics to predict the quality of the product. The dataset obtained consists of 300 bread samples prepared in 15 days whose vital physical, chemical, and rheological measures are sensed. The measures of the read are obtained through sensory tools and are gathered as a dataset. The obtained data are generally raw, and hence, the required features are obtained through dimensionality reduction using the Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA). The processed data and the attributes are given as input to the classifier to obtain final estimation results. The efficient Fuzzy Weighted Relevance Vector Machine (FWRVM) classifier model is developed for this achieving this objective. The proposed quality estimation model is implemented using the MATLAB programming environment with the required setting for the FWRVM classifier. The model is trained and tested with the input dataset with data analysis steps. Some state-of-the-art classifiers are also implemented to compare the evaluated performance of the proposed model. The estimation accuracy is obtained by comparing the number of correctly detected bread classes with the wrongly classified breads. The results indicate that the proposed FWRVM-based classifier estimates the quality of the breads with 96.67% accuracy, 96.687% precision, 96.6% recall, and 96.6% F-measure within 8.96726 seconds processing time which is better than the compared Support vector machine (S