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Актуальність теми роботи. Стрімкий розвиток технологій впливає на всі сфери суспільного життя, сектор фінансових послуг не є винятком. Фінансові технології вносять докорінні зміни у розвиток фінансового ринку, а фінтехкомпанії стають партнерами, а іноді навіть конкурентами традиційних фінансових інститутів. Таким чином, можна виокремити значимість дослідження розвитку технологічних змін фінансової систем, зокрема оцінки розвитку фінансових технологій у сучасної зарубіжної та вітчизняної практиці. Метою даної роботи є аналіз сучасних технологічних рішень, що використовуються в сфері фінансових відносин та є наслідком глобальної цифровізації економіки. Об’єкт дослідження – процеси реалізації сучасних фінансових технологій в умовах цифрової економіки. Предмет дослідження – економічні відносини що виникають в управління фінансами на основі сучасних технологічних рішень. Методи дослідження – методи аналізу та синтезу, метод порівнянь, класифікації, систематизації, статистичні методи. Основою виконання роботи є дані періодичної та монографічної літератури, Інтернет-ресурси, матеріали дисертаційних досліджень, публікації за результатами наукових конференцій, статистичні дані інформаційних агентств. Актуальность работы. Стремительное развитие технологий влияет на все сферы общественной жизни, сектор финансовых услуг не исключение. Финансовые технологии вносят коренные изменения в развитие финансового рынка, а финтехкомпании становятся партнерами, а иногда даже конкурентами традиционных финансовых институтов. Таким образом, можно выделить значимость исследования развития технологических изменений финансовой системы, в частности оценки развития финансовых технологий в современной зарубежной и отечественной практике. Целью данной работы является анализ современных технологических решений, используемых в сфере финансовых отношений и является результатом глобальной цифровизации экономики. Объект исследования – процесс реализации современных финансовых технологий в условиях цифровой экономики. Предмет исследования – экономические отношения возникающие в управлении финансами на основе современных технологических решений. Методы исследования – методы анализа и синтеза, метод сравнений, классификации, систематизации, статистические методы. Основой выполнения работы есть данные периодической и монографической литературы, Интернет-ресурсы, материалы диссертационных исследований, публикации по результатам научных конференций, статистические данные информационных агентств. Relevance of the topic of the work. The rapid development of technologies affects all spheres of social life, the financial services sector is no exception. Financial technologies bring fundamental changes to the development of the financial market, and fintech companies become partners, and sometimes even competitors, of traditional financial institutions. Thus, it is possible to single out the significance of the study of the development of technological changes in financial systems, in particular, the assessment of the development of financial technologies in modern foreign and domestic practice. The purpose of this work is the analysis of modern technological solutions used in the field of financial relations and which are a consequence of the global digitalization of the economy. The object of the research is the implementation processes of modern financial technologies in the conditions of the digital economy. The subject of the research is economic relations arising in financial management based on modern technological solutions. Research methods – methods of analysis and synthesis, method of comparisons, classification, systematization, statistical methods. The basis of the work is data from periodical and monographic literature, Internet resources, materials of dissertation studies, publications based on the results of scientific conferences, statistical data of information agencies.

The organizational environment nowadays is quite volatile and information technologies have shown an important development (Hock-Doepgen et al., 2021). These technological innovations have changed the business environment and created new ways of doing business, discovering opportunities and exploring them (Amit & Han, 2017). In the areas of management control and accounting, the main functions performed have changed significantly. According to Appelbaum et al. (2017), tasks are now more strategic and less repetitive, due to the impact of digitalization on companies. The developments in digitization and the explosion of data that is felt these days create significant changes and new opportunities for organizations and above all for functions in the financial, accounting and management control areas. There is still little international empirical evidence regarding the impact of digitalization on processes and activities and in the context of the Management Control function in the Portuguese business universe. In Portugal, there is no known empirical study that addresses this issue. In this sense, the objective of this dissertation is to answer the following research question: “What is the impact of digitalization processes on the activities of the Control function of Portuguese companies?”. To try to answer this research question, a survey was carried out aimed at companies that are operating in our country. The analysis of the data obtained in this survey aims to understand what type of companies include the various technologies in their processes, having concluded that process automation, through RPA, is the most accessible technology for smaller companies, with few financial resources. Meanwhile, Business Analytics proves to be the technology most accessible to larger companies. It should also be noted that Machine Learning is very little inserted in the companies surveyed. The question will be answered through the analysis of a survey aimed at companies that are currently operating in our country. O ambiente organizacional nos tempos atuais é bastante volátil e as tecnologias de informação têm demonstrado um desenvolvimento acentuado (Hock-Doepgen et al., 2021). Estas inovações tecnológicas têm mudado a envolvente das empresas e criado novas formas de fazer negócio, de descobrir oportunidades e de as explorar (Amit & Han, 2017). Nas áreas de controlo de gestão e contabilidade, as principais funções desempenhadas têm mudado significativamente. Segundo Appelbaum et al. (2017), as tarefas são agora mais estratégicas e menos rotineiras, devido ao impacto da digitalização nas empresas. Os desenvolvimentos na digitalização e a explosão de dados que se faz sentir nos dias de hoje criam alterações significativas e novas oportunidades para as organizações e acima de tudo para as funções nas áreas financeiras, contabilística e de controlo de gestão. Ainda existe pouca evidência empírica internacional quanto ao impacto da digitalização nos processos e atividades e no contexto da função de Controlo de Gestão no tecido empresarial português. Em Portugal não é conhecido qualquer estudo empírico que incida sobre esta questão. Desta forma, o objetivo desta dissertação é responder à seguinte questão de investigação: “Qual o impacto dos processos da digitalização nas atividades da função do Controlo das empresas Portuguesas?”. Para procurar dar resposta a esta questão de investigação foi efetuado um inquérito direcionado a empresas que se encontrem a operar no nosso país. A análise dos dados obtidos neste inquérito vai no sentido de perceber que tipo de empresas incluem nos seus processos as várias tecnologias abordadas, tendo concluído que a automatização dos processos, através de RPA, é a tecnologia mais acessível para empresas de menor dimensão, com poucos recursos financeiros. Enquanto isso, o Business Analytics demonstra ser a tecnologia mais acessível a empresas de maior dimensão. Ainda de salientar que o Machine Learning está muito pouco inserido nas empresas inquiridas.

Untuk mengikuti perkembangan industri yang telah masuk pada era revolusi industri 4.0, dimana era ini merupakan era pengembangan Internet of Things (IoT) dan big data, semua sektor secara tidak langsung dipengaruhi, tidak terkecuali sektor pertanian, perkembangan pertanian dengan memanfaatkan teknologi komunikasi dan informasi khususnya teknologi IoT dan big data di Indonesia masih sangat minim sekali, bahkan bisa dikatakan masih belum berkembang, maka dalam penelitian ini peneliti melakukan peneltian di sektor pertanian, khususnya sektor irigasi pertanian dengan memanfaatkan teknologi IoT. Penelitian ini merupakan salah satu tahapan untuk memanfaatkan teknologi IoT yang diaplikasikan pada sistem irigasi pertanian, penelitian ini tidak hanya membangun sistem kontrol sensor yang diintegrasikan pada mikrokontroller namun juga membahas tentang arsitektur jaringan komunikasi, sehinga sistem irigasi ini bisa melakukan komunikasi dua arah dengan baik, cepat dan menjangkau area luas, sistem juga dibekali antarmuka yang mudah digunakan, antarmuka dibangun menggunakan aplikasi berbasis Mobile, antarmuka ini akan memudahkan user dalam mengakses informasi dan mengontrol sistem yang dibangun. penelitian ini mampu melakukan kontrol sistem irigasi jarak jauh dangan memanfaatkan teknologi IoT serta diharapkan berkontribusi dalam mewujudkan revolusi industri di Indonesia yang dikenal dengan “ Making Indonesia 4.0” khususnya dalam bidang pertanian.

The aim of this research is to develop the capability to sense, model, and manipulate a deformable linear object in a workspace to facilitate autonomous maintenance and repair operations in a deep space habitat. The specific capability developed in this work is the ability to clear a deformable linear object that is obstructing the path to a target object, which is to be reached. The robotic system presented herein consist of two six degree of freedom arms, working in a shared workspace, along with stereo and color cameras perceiving the environment. A perception pipeline was developed to segment a wire from a point cloud and estimate the state of the wire, directly from stereo vision. The state of the wire is represented by a set of 20 nodes, equally spaced, that when connected form the shape of the wire. To determine where to move the wire, in order to clear a path to the target object, a physics-based simulator was developed to simulate different pick and pull/push actions on the wire. The pair of actions that maximizes the space around the target object were then selected to be executed by the robot. To grasp the wire, a grasp planner was developed which solves for six degree of freedom valid grasps on the wire. The proposed system was tested on hardware and demonstrated the ability to accurately sense and estimate the position of a wire in the workspace, and move the wire to clear a path to a target object. The overall system was run 30 times, for different wire configurations, and achieved a 86.7% success rate at clearing an obstructing wire.

The objective of the thesis was to prove that the process of industrial 3D printer farms can be improved by boosting their efficiency, speed, customer experience, and maintenance. The aim was to find out the current problems with these farms and to explore theoretical solutions for these problems. This thesis was also meant to show whether or not a collaboration between industrial robotic arms and 3D printing technology can help improve the efficiency of current 3D print farms. The author also conducted a proof of concept using a desktop application, a Raspberry Pi to control a 3D printer remotely, and a robotic arm to harvest the printer after it is done printing. This proved that the fully developed system would definitely work. The author found that the development of this kind of system is the future of schools/ companies with multiple 3D printers. Although this system would require a high step-in price, it can be seen as a return on investment (ROI) since it would require fewer employees and would increase the production rate by three-four times. This increase in production rate means that companies would require fewer 3D printers

Poro (Rangifer tarandus L.) on olennainen osa pohjoisen boreaalisen alueen ekosysteemejä ja poronhoito on tärkeä sosio-kulttuurinen tekijä erityisesti alkuperäiskansojen keskuudessa. Nykyään Fennoskandian alueen poronhoitoa uhkaa laidunalueiden heikentyminen. Yhtenä ratkaisuna haasteeseen on usein ehdotettu porojen lukumäärän vähentämistä. Kuitenkin monissa paliskunnissa myös metsätalous on voimakkaasti heikentänyt talvilaidunten kestävää tuottokykyä, ja siksi silläkin on ollut merkittävä rooli laidunalueiden heikkenemisessä korkeiden porolukujen lisäksi. Metsätalouden vaikutusta poronhoitoon on aiemmin tutkittu laadullisesti, ekologisesti tai yksinkertaisten bioekonomisten mallien avulla. Tässä maisterintutkielmassa laajennan monitieteellistä bioekonomista systeemimallia ja tutkin, miten jaksollinen metsänkasvatus vaikuttaa poronhoidon talouteen. Tutkimuskysymykseni ovat: 1) miten kiertoajan pituus ja 2) metsänhoitokäytänteet kuten maanmuokkaus ja hakkuutähteiden jättäminen maahan vaikuttavat taloudellisesti optimaaliseen porotalouteen. Tutkielmassani laajennan yksityiskohtaista poronhoidon bioekonomista systeemimallia sisällyttämällä siihen metsätalouden vaikutukset jäkälä- ja luppobiomassaan olettaen samalla normaalimetsän rakennetta. Malliin lisättävät metsätalouden vaikutukset jäkälä- ja luppobiomassaan pohjautuvat aikaisempaan kirjallisuuteen. Ratkaisen optimaalisen poromäärän, vuotuiset nettotulot, laidunten jäkäläbiomassan ja lisäruokinnan tason eri pituisilla metsän kiertoajoilla ja eri metsänhoitokäytänteiden vallitessa 0–5 prosentin korkokannoilla käyttäen moderneja dynaamiseen optimointiin tarkoitettuja algoritmeja. Tulosten mukaan kiertoajan pituudella on vaikutus taloudellisesti optimaalisiin tuloksiin. Laidunkiertoa käytettäessä kiertoajan lyhentäminen johtaa pienempiin poromääriin, vuotuisiin nettotuloihin ja jäkäläbiomassaan sekä kasvattaa lisäruokinnan tarvetta. Kun laidunkiertoa ei käytetä, kiertoajan lyhentäminen johtaa pienempiin poromääriin ja vuotuisiin nettotuloihin, vähentää lisäruokinnan tarvetta ja kasvattaa jäkäläbiomassaa. Maanmuokkaus ja hakkuutähteiden jättäminen pienentävät nettotuloja 1–15 % riippuen käytetystä metsän kiertoajasta ja laidunkierrosta. Mitä pidempi metsän kiertoaika on, sitä vähemmän metsänhoitokäytänteet vaikuttavat poronhoidon nettotuloihin. Korkeammat korkotasot johtavat suurempiin porolukuihin ja lisäruokinnan määrään, mutta vähentävät jäkäläbiomassaa ja poronhoidon vuotuisia nettotuloja. Tutkielmani tulokset tukevat aikaisempia havaintoja metsätalouden ja lyhyen metsänkiertoajan porotalouteen kohdistuvista haitoista ja arvioita siitä, että laidunkierron avulla porotalous olisi kestävämpi ulkoisia häiriöitä vastaan. Koska erityisesti jaksollisen metsänhoidon taloudellinen kannattavuus Lapissa on viime vuosina kyseenalaistettu, voisi jatkuva kasvatus tarjota molempia osapuolia hyödyttävän ratkaisun. Tutkielmani tulokset tukevat metsänhoidon siirtymistä äärettömän pitkään kiertoaikaan ilman maanmuokkausta. Tutkielmani myös korostaa tarvetta ekologisten tutkimusten monitieteiselle yhteissuunnittelulle, jotta ne ja niiden tulokset olisivat paremmin hyödynnettävissä monitahoisissa ekologistaloudellisissa optimointimalleissa. Reindeer (Rangifer tarandus L.) is an integral part of ecosystems across the northern boreal regions, and reindeer husbandry is an important socio-cultural factor, especially for indigenous people. Currently, reindeer husbandry in Fennoscandia is confronted with deterioration of pasture areas, and the decreasing of reindeer number has often been offered as a solution. However, in most reindeer herding districts, forestry has also strongly decreased the sustainable production capacity of winter pastures and therefore has had a significant role in pasture deterioration in addition to high reindeer numbers. The interaction between forestry and reindeer husbandry has often been studied qualitatively, ecologically, or with simple bio-economic models from the perspective of forestry. In this thesis, I use a detailed interdisciplinary ecological-economical model to study how the rotation forestry affects the economics of reindeer husbandry. The research questions are 1) how does the length of forest rotation period and 2) the management practices such as soil scarification and leaving of harvesting residues affect the economically optimal reindeer husbandry. I expand a novel ecological-economical reindeer husbandry optimization model to include the effects of forestry on the ground and arboreal lichen with an assumption of normal forest structure. The effects of forestry on the ground and arboreal lichen are based on previous literature. Modern dynamic optimization algorithms are used to solve the model for the optimal number of reindeer, annual net revenues, lichen biomass on pastures, and the level of supplementary feeding under different forest rotation lengths and management scenarios with zero and positive interest rates. The results show that the length of forest rotation period affects the economically optimal solution. When pasture rotation is used, shortening the forest rotation length decreases the optimal number of reindeer, annual income, and the lichen biomass in pastures, but increases the amount of supplementary feed given. When pasture rotation is not used, shortening the forest rotation length decreases the number of reindeer, annual net revenues, and supplementary feeding, but increases the lichen biomass. Soil scarification and harvesting residues lower the annual net revenues of reindeer husbandry by 1-15% depending on the forest rotation length and pasture rotation. The longer is the forest rotation length, the less the annual net revenues are affected by the forest management practices. Higher interest levels lead to higher reindeer numbers and a higher level of supplementary feeding, but also to lower lichen biomass and annual net revenues from reindeer husbandry. The results of this thesis support the earlier findings of negative effects of rotation forestry and short rotation lengths on reindeer husbandry, and estimations that reindeer husbandry is more resilient if pasture rotation is used. As the economical sensibility of rotation forestry in Lapland has currently been questioned, even-aged forestry could offer a solution with the best management scenarios for both parties. The results of this thesis support infinitely long forest rotation length without soil scarification. This thesis also highlights the need for interdisciplinary co-design of ecological studies to ensure that they are suitable for creating complex interdisciplinary optimization models.

Elastic components in flapping wing micro-aerial vehicles, or FWMAV, have been a topicof interest for their high dynamic efficiency and energy storage. Previous work has looked at the use of a dynamically scaled robo-physical model to analyze the energetics of a spring-wing system. Both the simulation and experimental analysis reaffirm the advantages of resonance behavior in high-frequency wing stroke motion. However, this system, similar to its biological counterparts, suffers from significant energy loss due to damping. A method to accelerate the system’s transition into stable resonance is needed. In this vein, the effect of active pitch control during the emergence of resonance behavior in a spring-wing system is analyzed and studied. Simulation of the dynamic model was constructed for kinematic analysis. To validate the hypothesis, a physical robotic apparatus is used to experimentally observe the behavior of the system. We determine the variation in kinematic phase difference between the stroke and pitch angle will result in changes in the effective drag coefficient. The results of this paper can be applied in furthering the development of active pitch locomotion of a FWMAV and studies of insect flight behavior.

The survey charted the use of digital devices, social media, and online services in Finland. Main themes of the survey also included societal values, civic participation, social relationships, and well-being. Media use was investigated with questions on how often the respondents did certain things (e.g. use the internet, listen to radio programs or podcasts, write on discussion boards, use instant messaging applications). The respondents were also asked whether they used certain digital devices and services (e.g. smart phone, computer, broadband internet, smart watch) and how important these were for their everyday lives. The role of the internet in the respondents' everyday lives was explored by asking how important the internet was for them in terms of banking, booking doctor's appointments, purchasing products and services, and keeping in touch with others. The respondents' digital skills were charted by asking them, for example, whether they knew how to download and save files from the internet or clear their browser history. Additionally, views on the trustworthiness of internet sources and the ease of finding reliable information online were surveyed. The respondents were asked about the purposes for which they used social media, whether they knew what kind of information was appropriate to share on social media, and their membership in social media communities. Additionally, the respondents' use of different social media platforms and compulsive social media use were charted. Attitudes towards social media were examined with questions on, for example, whether the respondents were concerned about hate speech or fake news on social media, how they engaged with opinions that differed from their own on social media, and whether social media had made them feel pressure over their appearance. Civic participation was charted by asking the respondents whether in the last five years they had, for example, voted in parliamentary elections, taken part in a demonstration, donated money to charity or volunteered. Political party affiliation and the respondents' alignment on left-right and liberal-conservative political spectrums were also surveyed. Additionally, the respondents' views on various questions (e.g. the right to abortion, same-sex marriage, cuts to social security, dismantling the welfare state) and their trust in institutions (e.g. the government, the judicial system, politicians, the European parliament, news outlets) were investigated. The respondents' social relationships were examined with questions on how many friends they had on social media, how much they used social media to keep in touch with friends, how often they felt lonely, and how often they used social media to alleviate feelings of loneliness. Experiences of online harassment and bullying were also charted. The respondents were asked about their satisfaction with their body and appearance, and well-being was surveyed with statements on, for example, health, self-confidence, future expectations, and overall life satisfaction. Background information included the respondent's gender, year of birth , NUTS2 and NUTS3 regions of residence, marital status, household characteristics, level of education, occupation, sector of employment, and monthly household gross income. Aineistossa on kartoitettu suomalaisten digitaalisten laitteiden, sosiaalisen median ja verkkopalveluiden käyttöä. Kysymykset käsittelivät lisäksi yhteiskunnallista arvomaailmaa ja osallistumista sekä sosiaalisia suhteita ja hyvinvointia. Median käyttöä käsittelevässä osiossa kysyttiin, kuinka usein vastaajat muun muassa käyttävät internetiä, kuuntelevat radio-ohjelmia tai kirjoittavat keskustelufoorumeille. Vastaajat kertoivat, käyttävätkö he erilaisia älylaitteita. Internetin käyttötaitoja kartoitettiin erilaisin väittämin, kuten osaako tutkittava tyhjentää selaimen sivuhistorian. Lisäksi kysyttiin, miten tärkeäksi internet koetaan esimerkiksi pankkiasioiden hoitamisessa tai yhteydenpidossa muihin ihmisiin. Vastaajat ottivat myös kantaa väittämiin internetlähteiden luotettavuudesta ja tiedon etsimisestä. Tutkittavilta kysyttiin, mihin tarkoituksiin he käyttävät sosiaalista mediaa, ja tietävätkö he millaista tietoa on sopivaa jakaa verkossa. Vastaajat kertoivat, miten he suhtautuvat sosiaalisessa mediassa mielipiteisiin, jotka eroavat heidän omistaan, ja millaista mielikuvaa itsestään he levittävät. Heiltä kysyttiin myös, mitä sosiaalisen median palveluita he käyttävät. Vastaajat kertoivat, aiheuttaako sosiaalinen media ulkonäköpaineita. Tämän jälkeen kartoitettiin erilaisia kansalaistoimia, joihin vastaajat olivat osallistuneet, sekä vastaajien puoluekantaa ja suhtautumista erilaisiin yhteiskunnallisiin asioihin, kuten maahanmuuton kasvuun tai maaseudun autioitumiseen. Vastaajat kertoivat, kuinka luotettavina he pitävät muun muassa eduskuntaa, poliittisia puolueita ja suuria kansainvälisiä yhtiöitä. Lopuksi kysyttiin vastaajien sosiaalisista suhteista ja yksinäisyydestä, onko heihin kohdistunut verkossa esimerkiksi seksuaalista häirintää, ja miten he kuvailisivat omaa taloudellista tilannettaan ja terveyttään. Taustatietoja aineistossa ovat vastaajan sukupuoli, syntymävuosi, maakunta, suuralue, parisuhdetilanne, kotitalouden henkilömäärä, koulutustaso, ammatti ja työnantajasektori sekä kotitalouden yhteenlasketut tulot.

Були відібрані показники. Дані проаналізовано шляхом розрахунку основних статистичних характеристик. Була розрахована кореляційна матриця. Була визначена карта кластерів країн. Підібрано основні компоненти. Кількість найбільш оптимальних кластерів визначали на основі “Ліктьового” методу. На останньому кроці були побудовані прогнозні моделі, які демонструють вплив цифровізації на найбільш корельовані фактори, що характеризують економічний розвиток. Indicators were selected. The data was analyzed by calculating the main statistical characteristics. A correlation matrix was calculated. It was determined the map of clusters of countries. The main components were selected. The number of the most optimal clusters was determined on the basis of the Elbow Method. In the last step, forecast models were built that demonstrate the impact of digitalization on the most correlated factors that characterize economic development.

У роботі досліджено теоретичні, методичні та практичні аспекти організації обліку і контролю поточних біологічних активів. Основною метою цього дослідження є розробка рекомендації щодо покращення обліку та контролю поточних біологінчих активів. Досліджено стан обліку та контролю поточних біологічних активів рослинництва та тваринництва на сільськогосподарському підприємстві. Theoretical, methodical and practical aspects of the organization of accounting and control of current biological assets are investigated in the work. The main purpose of this study is to develop recommendations for improving the accounting and control of current biological assets. The state of accounting and control of current biological assets of crop and livestock production at an agricultural enterprise is studied.