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This article introduces a novel collaborative optimal motion planning framework for parallel aerial 3D printing. The proposed novel framework is efficiently capable of handling conflicts between the utilized Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), as they follow predefined paths, allowing for a seamless enhancement of aerial 3D printing capabilities by employing multiple UAVs to collaborate in a parallel printing process. The established approach ingeniously formulates UAVs’ motion planning as a multi-constraint optimization problem, ensuring minimal adjustments to their velocities within specified limits. This guarantees smooth and uninterrupted printing while preventing collisions and adhering to the requirements of aerial printing. To substantiate the effectiveness of our proposed motion planning algorithm, an extensive array of simulation studies have been undertaken, encompassing scenarios where multiple UAVs engage in the fabrication of diverse construction shapes. The overall novel concept is being extensively validated in simulations, while the obtained results promise for enhancing the viability and advancing the landscape of aerial additive manufacturing. Validerad;2024;Nivå 2;2024-01-22 (signyg)Full text license: CC BY-4.0

ABSTRACT: In Brazil, certain studies have been performed on the exposure to global occupational noise levels when mechanized equipment is used in coffee-growing. However, these did not indicate the behavior within a frequency spectrum (Hz) by octave bands. The objective of this study was to assess the sound pressure levels of the brush, mower, and atomizer attached to a tractor under actual operating conditions by using 1/1 octave band filters. Quantitative assessments were performed with the mower, brush, and atomizer attached to the MF 275 tractor under two conditions: operative and static. The noise levels obtained under actual operating conditions were determined using a DOS 1000 noise dosimeter and an octave band filter. The static condition assessments were performed inside and outside the coffee plantation using a Hikari HDB 900 digital sound level meter. The NR 15 and NHO 01 standards were used to analyze the data. Under operative and static conditions, the tractor units showed noise levels above the exposure limit of 85 dB (A) for an 8h working day. The assessment of the frequency spectrum revealed the highest noise levels to be in the 125-1000 Hz range.

ABSTRACT: The aim of this study is the determination some quality parameters of grape and mulberry pestils (leathers) sold in Elazig. For this purpose, a total of 45 fruit pestil samples, of which 23 were grape pestils and 22 were mulberry pestils, were analyzed for their physical properties, chemical properties, and microbiological characteristics. In grape and mulberry pestils, the average L* (lightness/darkness) values were 42.72 and 44.81, a* (redness) values were 10.29 and 9.07, and b* (yellow) values were 20.90 and 20.90, respectively. In grape and mulberry fruit pestil samples, the thickness values were 1.62 and 1.34, pH values were 3.82 and 4.75, acidity values (as citric acid) were 0.63 and 0.22%, aw values were 0.602 and 0.627, dry matter values were 68.78% and 72.99 %, ash values were 2.25% and 0.64%, insoluble ash values in 10% HCl were 0.20 and 0.29, and Brix values were 18.83 and 19.36, respectively. TMAB, coliform, Staphylococcus-Micrococcus, and yeast-mold counts were found to be 4.72 and 4.48, 1.30 and 1.89, 2.11 and 2.12, and 2.04 and 2.11 log10 cfu/g, respectively, in all samples examined. In 14 of the samples (31.11%), the total number of mesophilic aerobic microorganisms was found to be >5 log10 cfu/g. Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp. were not found in any of the samples. However, the samples were found to contain significant levels of yeast-mold. There was no difference between the groups in microbiological terms in statistical analysis (P > 0.05). According to the current study, there was no standard production and not enough hygiene rules were observed in the pestil production process in family businesses in Elazig. On the other hand, essential information was obtained on some physical, chemical and microbiological quality parameters of grape and blackberry pulps sold in markets and stores in Elazig.

ABSTRACT: It aimed to compare the trans anesthetic clinical and perioperative analgesic effects by prolonged continuous infusion of fentanyl (GF, bolus of 5 µg/kg and continuous infusion (CI) of 15 µg/kg/h) or remifentanil (GR, CI of 18 µg/kg/h) in dogs undergoing to elective ovariohysterectomy. Twenty female healthy dogs were premedicated with acepromazine, inducted to unconsciousness with propofol and kept under anesthesia with isoflurane. The M0 (baseline) was recorded and animals were randomly allocated in GF (n = 10) or GR (n = 10), recording clinical and blood gas parameters every 15 minutes (M15…M120) for two hours and, after, during surgery, adjusting the opioid rate according to surgical requirement. The isoflurane vaporization reduced by up to 47% and 42% in GF and GR, respectively, when compared to M0. During the first two hours of CI, six animals of each group required atropine intervention and three animals of GF required ephedrine. The number of rate adjustments during intraoperative was significant higher in GR when compared to GF (P = 0.0248). By the Log-rank test, there was a higher possibility of not receiving analgesic rescue in the first 30 minutes of postoperative in GF when compared to GR (P < 0.0001) and all animals required analgesic rescue during the firsts 3 and 6 hours in GR and GF, respectively. It is concluded that, when the proposal continuous infusions were compared, fentanyl required fewer analgesic rescues during perioperative, nonetheless, it is recommended rate adjustment during intraoperative and additional analgesia for postoperative for both treatments.

ABSTRACT: Eryngiumfoetidum exhibits low germination rates and heterogeneous seed maturation. Thus, in order to reduce problems during seedling production, a number of treatments can be used. The aim of this study was to assess the physiological quality of Amazon chicory seeds submitted to water immersion treatments. Two experiments were conducted, under controlled temperature (25 ºC) and nursery conditions, with six treatments (0, 12, 24, 36 and 48 hours) in each. A completely randomized design was used in the controlled condition and random blocks in the nursery. The following were assessed: germination/emergence speed index (GSI/ESI), mean germination/emergence time (MGT/MET), germination/emergence percentage, normal seedling development, fresh weight and dry weight. The data were submitted to linear and second-order polynomial regression analysis in the R statistical program. Under controlled conditions, Maximum GSI was 4.65 after 18.03 hours of immersion, and for MGT, 12 h of immersion provided a shorter average time (13.76 days) and obtained 39.26% of germinated seeds after 26.27 h of immersion, as well as 19.34% of normal seedlings in 27.97 h. In the nursery, a lower MET was observed after 48 h and mean fresh and dry weight were higher after 12 h (18.47 and 1.44 g, respectively). Thus, water immersion for 12 hours resulted in a shorter germination time and higher fresh and dry weight, and the treatment may have helped reactivate embryo metabolism and growth.

ABSTRACT: Herbicide promotes physiological and biochemical changes even in tolerant species. The objective of this study was to evaluate the interference of the herbicides clodinafop-propargyl and 2,4-D in the antioxidant system of wheat, and iodosulfuron-methyl in wheat and ryegrass. Two studies, divided into three experiments, were conducted in an entirely randomized design in a greenhouse and phytotron. The first study tested herbicides iodosulfuron-methyl, clodinafop-propargyl, 2,4-D, and a control without application in wheat. The second, divided into two experiments with wheat and ryegrass, tested iodosulfuron-methyl doses (0, 1.75, 3.5, and 7.0 g a.i. ha-1). The variables analyzed were the concentrations of chlorophylls a, b, carotenoids, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), lipid peroxidation (TBARS), electrolyte leakage, and antioxidant system activity. The herbicide treatments iodosulfuron-methyl, clodinafop-propargyl, and 2,4-D decreased the concentrations of chlorophylls and carotenoids in wheat plants. The herbicides promoted oxidative stress with increased H2O2 and TBARS concentrations. Increasing the dose of iodosulfuron-methyl provided a reduction in the activity of the enzymatic antioxidant system in wheat and ryegrass.

ABSTRACT: Seventy-five pectinolytic strains collected from vegetables grown in the counties of Santarém, Belterra, and Mojuí dos Campos, located in the western region of the Pará State, Brazil, were studied according to their pathological and genetic variability. The strains were grouped in 5 clusters according to pathogenicity in potato, pepper, carrot, and onion, and 38 strains were selected for genetic analysis using rep-PCR. These strains were divided into 35 genetic groups according to rep-PCR at 70% similarity. These results indicated high pathological and genetic variability of the strains causing soft rot in vegetables in the western region of the Pará State, which will be used in etiological research and for the development and assessment of management techniques for the soft rot in vegetables in this region.

ABSTRACT: This study determined the zootechnical, metabolic, and health performance of Girolando calves born with high or low birth weight, conceived through in vitro fertilization. The study was carried out on a commercial dairy farm located in Passos, Minas Gerais, Brazil. For this, a hundred Girolando calves were divided into two groups: The Control, which consisted of calves that were born weighing ≤ 35 kg; and high birth weight (HBW) calves, which were born weighing > 35 kg. The calves were monitored for zootechnical parameters; epidemiological indices, for diseases such diarrhea and pneumonia; as well as serum concentrations of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, gamma-glutamyl transferase, cholesterol, triglycerides, paraoxonase1, albumin, urea, and globulin. Calves from the HBW group had a higher general mortality rate, but no effects on the zootechnical performance or metabolism were observed. The results obtained allow us to conclude that Girolando calves generated by IVF and heavier at birth have a greater chance to present diseases such as omphalophlebitis, tympany, and bovine parasitic sadness, and have a higher rate of general mortality. Conversely, birth weight of the calves does not influence diarrhea or pneumonia, the zootechnical performance, or the metabolism.