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Pemanfaatan serat alam Muntingia calabura sebagai pengisi bahan biokomposit belum dimanfaatkan secara optimal. Penggunaan serat alam ini memiliki potensi yang baik sebagai bahan pengisi biokomposit. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh volume fraksi serat terhadap kekuatan tarik dan permukaan patahan biokomposit Polivinil Alkohol (PVA) dan Muntingia calabura. Volume fraksi serat di dalam PVA divariasikan 0%, 2%, 4%, 6% dan 8% (dari berat kering PVA). Pembuatan biokomposit menggunakan metode penuangan larutan gelatin. Biokomposit dikeringkan dalam suhu 70 ᵒC selama 12 jam. Setelah itu, spesimen biokomposit dipotong sesuai standar American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) D882-18. Hasil pengujian tarik menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan volume fraksi serat di dalam PVA mengakibatkan penurunan kekuatan tarik. Nilai kuat tarik tertinggi terdapat pada spesimen film PVA murni adalah 6,8 MPa. Penambahan serat sebesar 2% menyebabkan penurunan sebesar 14,7% dari nilai kuat tarik film PVA. Fenomena tersebut juga terjadi pada penambahan serat 4 – 8% di dalam matriks PVA. Hal tersebut didukung oleh pengataman Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) yang menunjukkan adanya penggumpalan serat di dalam matriks.

The economic crisis hit the world which had a direct impact to worsen economic conditions in Indonesia. Economic conditions from 1997 to 1998, only MSMEs were able to survive. One form of MSMEs in rural areas is tempe business. Tempe is one of the original foods from Indonesia, which comes from fermented soybeans. Tempe is a daily food consumed by almost all Indonesian people. Tempe is a food that is consumed almost every day by people in the Pilangkenceng sub-district. Most are consumed as side dishes and are also used as souvenirs (tempe chips). Community service activities include holding meetings, conducting FGDs, handing over tools and monitoring. The results of this assistance include 2 aspects, namely management aspects and production aspects. Conclusion The Community Partnership Program needs to be done as the role of lecturers to improve the community Community Partnership Program is able to increase the amount of production and competitiveness of Partners.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the texting, sharing, and mentoring (TSM) method as an innovative method of community empowerment applied in 'Go-Honey' program. This method is mixed offline and online with the use of Whatsapp groups connecting program participants, resource persons, and local mentors. Using the Bloom's Taxonomy approach, this study compares the knowledge level of the 'Go-Honey' program participants implementing TSM with other sitngless beekeeping program participants who use the single-face-to-face (TTM) method as a control. The total participants involved in this study were 20 people, half of whom were female members of 'Go-honey', while the other half were not. Participants were asked questions related to cognitive, affective and psychomotor aspects by direct interviews. Observations were also done on the results of the work performance. The results show that the 'Go-Honey' participants have a higher level of knowledge about stingless beekeeping compared to the control model in these three aspects of knowledge. The results of the Mann Whitney test shows that the cognitive, affective and psychomotor scores are significantly different at 1 % alpha. This method has the potential to be applied after the pandemic ends with the principle of distance learning as long as there is the internet connection and the presence of local mentors.

Community Facilities Direct Assistance Program Rural Agribusiness Development ( BLM - PUAP ) is part of an effort to empower the farming community , which is followed by a related activity, namely institutional strengthening farmers and growers of human resource development through coaching, counseling , training , monitoring and evaluation . Directorate General of Horticulture ( 2010) states that the purpose of the agricultural community empowerment through PUAP are : 1 ) strengthen the capital of entrepreneurs in developing agribusiness and food security , 2) increase the production , productivity and farm income entrepreneurs ; 3 ) develop agriculture and agro-industry in regional development ; 4 ) increase the independence and group cooperation ; 5 ) encouraging the development of microfinance institutions agribusiness and other rural economic institutions. The problem in this study is How the credit characteristics of the recipient farmers PUAP BLM programs in Aceh Singkil, what are the factors that affect the rate of return PUAP BLM program in Aceh Singkil The purpose of this study was to investigate the characteristics of the receiving farmer credit program in Aceh BLM PUAP Singkil , to analyze the factors that affect the rate of return PUAP BLM program in Aceh Singkil Kabupatenn The method used in this research is the analysis of qualitative and quantitative methods . The qualitative method is done through analysis deskripktif to describe the characteristics one by one farmer in the form of tabulations are intended to support the quantitative analysis . As for analyzing the factors that affect the loan repayment rate PUAP program , used logistic regression analysis models ( binary logit ) . The data used is primary data collected from farmers' groups PUAP recipients for 2010 program in Aceh Singkil with 71 samples of 250 farmer beneficiaries PUAP in 7 districts and 7 village of 10 existing sub-district in Aceh Singkil. 71 (seventy one ) farmers are taken to be sampled , characteristics most farmers aged 35-44 years , the end of junior high school education , have a number of dependents 3-4 people , has a net income of 2-3 million , with a land area of 3000m2 - 10000m2 and loan amount ranges from 3-5 million by the number of respondents in the current loan repayments are as many as 34 respondents out of the total respondents were 71 people . Factors ¬ factors are real and significant effect on loan repayment program Rural Agribusiness Development ( PUAP ) in Aceh Singkil is : Total loans, net income, age and education. Keywords : BLM - PUAP, purposive, Gapoktan

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat profil pengrajin anyaman tikar, mengetahui pengaruh faktor produksi terhadap produksi dan mengetahui pengaruh lama usaha, tingkat pendidikan, status kepemilikan modal terhadap pendapatan pengrajin serta mengetahui pengaruh dan peran industri anyaman tikar terhadap pengembangan wilayah pantai cermin. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan metode studi kasus berupa kuisioner dan wawancara dengan pengrajin dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 10 °o dari populasi pengrajin anyaman tikar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa profil industri tikar rakyat sangat beragam yang dapat mempengaruhi perkembangan industri tikar rakyat. Dari hasil analisis linier berganda, modal berpengaruh signifikan terhadap produksi, namun tenaga kerja tidak berpengaruh nyata. Analisis korelasi chi-square lama usaha dan tingkat pendidikan dengan pendapatan menunjukkan tidak adanya korelasi, namun modal dengan pendapatan terdapat korelasi yang signifikan. Analisis rank-Spearman menyatakan hubungan lama usaha dan tenaga kerja tidak berpengaruh terhadapa pendapatan, namun modal perpengaruh positif terhadap pendapatan walaupun hubungannya lemah. Peran dan pengaruh industri anyaman tikar terhadap pengembangan wilayah dapat dilihat dari faktor bahan baku yang berasal dari dalam daerah. Selain itu, peningkatan pendapatan masyarakat mengindikasikan bahwa wilayah Kecamatan Pantai Cermin dapat dikatakan sudah berkembang. Kata Kunci : industri tikar rakyat, pengembangan wilayah

Abstract The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of adding various types of polysaccharides (CMC, xanthan gum, pectin, agar) and the percentage of polysaccharides (0.5% and 1%) on the characteristics of cucumber sorbet with a low proportion of sugar. This study uses a Randomized Block Design (RBD) with eight treatments and three replications. The results show that the interaction between the types of polysaccharides and the percentage of polysaccharides significantly affects the value of brightness (L) and yellowness (b+) of the sorbet. Based on the results of this study, the best treatment for cucumber sorbet is the cucumber sorbet using 1% xanthan gum. Cucumber sorbet using polysaccharides and a low proportion of sugar can be made as a type of frozen snack that is beneficial to the human body. Keywords: Cucumber sorbet, Percentage of polysaccharides, Polysaccharide type

Asplenium nidus L. has an important role as one of the bio-indicators of the cenderawasih bird nest and is massively found in the Imbowiari Forest, Yapen Islands Regency, Papua. Until now, there is no study on the investigation of their vertical distribution. This study aimed to identify the vertical distribution of A. nidus and the relationship with the height of the host trees. The population and samples of this study were all A. nidus existing in the Imbowiari Forest, and the samples were all A. nidus that is in the observation plot. This study employed a track path method consisting of 3 transects containing 15 observation plots. The results revealed 63 A. nidus in the area of Imbowiari Forest with the total number of host trees of 49. The A. nidus and host tree relationship was shown by the equation Y = 0,014X + 1.016 with R2 = 0,058. There was no correlation between the height of host trees and the vertical distribution of A. nidus. Keywords: Asplenium nidus, Imbowiari Forest, vertical distribution

Perkembangan luas areal kelapa sawit sangat mengkhawatirkan karena sudah merangsek ke areal dengan kemiringan lebih dari 40%. Masalahnya bukan hanya karena nilai produktivitas sawit yang rendah, tetapi juga karena laju deforestasi semakin meningkat. Kajian bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi nilai keberlanjutan kelapa sawit di Tapanuli Selatan, dalam rangka memberikan pilihan strategi penerapan Rencana Aksi Sawit Berkelanjutan (RAD-SB). Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah eksploratif dan survei lapangan dengan Interview terstruktur dan tidak terstruktur dengan petani independen, agen TBS dan pengelola PKS. Hasil penelitian dikelompokkan dua strategi yaitu strategi pada tingkat kelembagaan di Kabupaten dan strategi pada tingkat lapangan di Desa. Pada tingkat kelembagaan di Kabupaten terlihat bahwa peranan lembaga pendukung yang tergabung dalam FOKSBI masih belum solid, meskipun sudah memiliki komitmen yang sama untuk menerapkan aksi pembangunan sawit berkelanjutan.Elaborasi aspek-aspek keberlanjutan yang diperlukan untuk menerapkan RAD-SB masih dimengerti dalam dimensi yang berbeda-beda. Strategi tingkat lapangan bertujuan untuk mencari cara-cara atau sistem budidaya sederhana untuk meningkatkan pendapatan petani, tanpa merusak sumberdaya hutan dan lahan. Terdapat potensi yang besar untuk meningkatkan produktivitas TBS tanpa merusak sumberdaya alam, meningkatkan kualitas buah dan melepas jerat monopoli pasar TBS yang terjadi. Praktik budidaya ekspansif dapat diubah menjadi budidaya hemat lahan dengan sistem perkebunan yang lebih intensif dan teknologi yang sederhana, murah, mudah dan memenuhi persyaratan konservasi. Penguatan lembaga penyuluhan dan pendanaan berkelanjutan merupakan keniscayaan penerapan RAD-SB agar meeningkatkan output dan outcome yang nyata, yaitu terwujudnya kesejahteraan petani secara luas dan terwujunya sustainable-landscape di Tapanuli Selatan.

Islam is a perfect religion which regulates all aspects of life not only limited to spiritual matters. One of them is the activity of bermuamalah, namely in the activities of accounts payable. Allah instructs humans to keep records when making non-cash transactions, this is so that assets are preserved (hifdzul mal). However, in reality, many people do not keep records, so that there are often misunderstandings and even conflicts. The purpose of this research is to know about 1) Definition of Accounts Receivable in Islamic Economic Law; 2) The Urgency of Recording Accounts Receivable To Maintain Assets (Hifdzul Mal). This type of research is qualitative with the descriptive-analytic method. Sources of data were obtained usingsources library research. The conclusion in this study is that the recording of accounts payable is carried out in order to achieve the benefits of both parties and the realization of the maqashid sharia, namely the maintenance of the assets (hidzul mal) of the parties who carry out the debt and credit transactions.

Indonesia menjadi salah satu produsen rempah-rempah dan termasuk dalam 5 negara produsen rempah-rempah terbesar di dunia pada komoditas kayu manis, cengkeh, pala, lada, dan vanili, sehingga memiliki peluang dan berpotensi besar untuk dikembangkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui daya saing komparatif dan kompetitif komoditas rempah-rempah Indonesia di pasar internasional dibandingkan dengan negara pesaingnya. Penelitian ini menggunakan data sekunder yang diperoleh dari UNComtrade dengan jangka waktu 18 tahun (2000-2017). Metode penelitian deskriptif digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Daya saing komparatif diketahui dengan menggunakan analisis Revealed Comparative Trade Advantage (RCTA) dan Indeks Spesialisasi Perdagangan (ISP) sedangkan daya saing kompetitif diketahui dengan menggunakan Export Product Dynamic (EPD). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa daya saing komparatif komoditas rempah-rempah Indonesia sangat kuat, namun memiliki daya saing kompetitif yang belum baik karena posisi produk berada pada lost opportunity . Peningkatan kinerja dan daya saing rempah-rempah Indonesia dapat dilakukan dengan meningkatkan nilai ekspor rempah-rempah Indonesia dengan memberikan nilai tambah dan peningkatan mutu melalui inovasi teknologi. Selain itu, perlu mengembangkan intelijen pasar dan meningkatkan peran atase dalam diplomasi perdagangan rempah-rempah dengan negara-negara mitra dan negara-negara potensial