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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Withers, Peter;

    Anthropologists and other researchers often study kin and other social relationships. There have been numerous applications that have tried to meet the needs of researchers in this area. However, there remain numerous gaps in either the functionality, usability or affordability of existing software. Some of these needs may be as simple as quickly creating diagrams. Some are more complex, such as statistical analysis of large sets of data. Interoperability is also a crucial factor, so that data collected in one application can be transferred to another. Linking resource files or archived material to genealogies also gives the opportunity to tie together all the data that might be available – finding individuals in a genealogy or matching a given affiliation pattern, such as matrimonial rings or other kinship patterns. Finding archived material associated with an individual or with a given affiliation pattern can also greatly assist the research process.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Sydney eScholarshiparrow_drop_down
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    Sydney eScholarship
    Part of book or chapter of book . 2015
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Sydney eScholarshiparrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      Sydney eScholarship
      Part of book or chapter of book . 2015
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: University of Sydney Library;

    The University’s digital collections and digitisation programs align with the University’s strategy of promoting understanding across institutional barriers, as well as embedded values. We commit to working across the University in the work we’re doing, as well as to create a platform to celebrate the works of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people, and to celebrate diversity and culture from our collections and those of partners. The Digitisation Framework outlines priorities, selection processes, risk management, and licensing of collections, and strategic targets for these collections.

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    Sydney eScholarship
    Other ORP type . 2020
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Sydney eScholarshiparrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      Sydney eScholarship
      Other ORP type . 2020
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    Authors: Hall, Steve;

    Chadwyck-Healey have been at the forefront in creating electronic research and teaching tools for humanities academics, scholars and students around the world for over 10 years. Not surprising during that time research and teaching requirements, the legal environment, technology and user expectations have changed dramatically. Through sharing our experience of creating and publishing digital resources I will explore how many of the key issues influencing the creation and publishing of these resources have evolved during that time and take a look at the what the future may hold. I will specifically explore the issues and decisions that were taken in project/collection selection, rights acquisition, digital content creation, aggregation & integration of content, delivery platforms, customer expectations & usage and commercial models from both an editorial and commercial perspective. The presentation will draw heavily on comparisons between a 1992 landmark Chadwyck-Healey project English Poetry on CD-Rom and our new British History Online, publishing in June 2001. Hosted by the Scholarly Text and Imaging Service (SETIS), the University of Sydney Library, and the Research Institute for Humanities and Social Sciences (RIHSS), the University of Sydney.

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    Sydney eScholarship
    Conference object . 2001
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Sydney eScholarshiparrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      Sydney eScholarship
      Conference object . 2001
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    Authors: Marsh, Jackie;
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Sydney eScholarshiparrow_drop_down
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    Sydney eScholarship
    Conference object . 2007
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Sydney eScholarshiparrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      Sydney eScholarship
      Conference object . 2007
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    Authors: Byrne, A; Gibson, J; Gardiner, G; McKeough, J; +2 Authors

    The purpose of this collaborative project was to provide a preliminary investigation of the practical issues being grappled with by institutions when digitising materials generally, and when digitising Indigenous materials. The aim was to gather a variety of institutional experience, both with general approaches to digitisation and the fit within these of Indigenous Australian materials, in order to highlight the issues and to describe some approaches to dealing with Indigenous materials in the digitisation process. The identification of difficult or unresolved issues provides opportunities for further exploration of these issues to assist the development of protocols for dealing with them. To this end the project has also drawn on other sources in the literature to discuss some of these challenges.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ UTS Institutional Re...arrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    UTS Institutional Repository
    External research report . 2008
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ UTS Institutional Re...arrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      UTS Institutional Repository
      External research report . 2008
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    Authors: Moyle, Richard;

    Although the Archive of Maori and Pacific Music is located within the University of Auckland and is used by staff and students, the last decade has seen a steady increase in the proportion of non-university users to the point now where more than 80% of people requesting copies of items in its holdings are members of the public or students from other educational institutions. Although this bias has created some difficulties of funding from a body receiving Government monies for purposes of teaching and research, the broad-based availability of ethnographic recordings is entirely within the aspirations for the Archive when it was formed in 1970 as a "national institution for the purposes of teaching and research, serving the cultural heritage needs of Maori and the indigenous peoples of the Pacific". One result of the Archive Director's years of fieldwork experience in Samoa, Tonga and the Cook Islands was recognition of the need for urgent action to conserve archival audio recordings held in at-risk conditions within insecure premises at the Government radio stations in these countries. A meeting with two influential businessmen in the music industry led to a direct approach by them to two Government Ministers who subsequently awarded the Archive funds to digitise the radio station holdings. The archival holdings of Samoa's Televise Samoa were included in the funding. Under the protocol signed with the New Zealand Ministry of Pacific Island Affairs, each organisation sent a specified quantity of its at-risk holdings, together with a technician who would receive three-weeks of training in digitisation and noise removal. The Archive offered to curate the original materials under separate contract, and made a second set of CDs for teaching and research purposes within the University. The Ministry grant covered all related expenses. All four Pacific Island organisations readily agreed to participate, but each brought a set of unexpected and often frustrating circumstances. Political difficulties soon surfaced, focusing on the ownership of the materials, and not all were resolvable. And, although the digitisation and denoising proceeded smoothly, the physical quality of the analogue tapes presented challenges. Such problems, however, were complemented by bonuses, and requests for an ongoing relationship with the Archive. The overall project was successful and plans are under way for extensions elsewhere in the Pacific. On both a philosophical and practical level, it is now realistic to consider framing future archiving directions within the South Pacific in terms of clusters of regional archives in liaison with one or more central repositories. Australian Academy of the Humanities; Australian E-Humanities Network; Research Institute for Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Sydney; School of Society, Culture and Performance, Faculty of Arts, University of Sydney

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    Sydney eScholarship
    Conference object . 2004
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Sydney eScholarshiparrow_drop_down
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      Sydney eScholarship
      Conference object . 2004
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    Authors: Donkin, Scott;

    This paper deals with the decision-making and challenges that arose out of the implementation of a large-scale digital imaging project by the Powerhouse Museum. With the implementation of the Powerhouse's Imaging Project came the creation of its Image Centre. This paper discusses its role, the services provided, preparation of its equipment and the procedures developed for capturing, storing and retrieving images. Most importantly, the issues of technological change upon an image archive are discussed. The Powerhouse Museum's Imaging System, as it stands today, does what was intended. It delivers images and related data to staff and public for the purposes of research, promotion, education and more. The Museum's Image Centre was set up to scan, manipulate, print and archive images. This Centre has evolved into a high-resolution digital imaging service and continues to create and upload images to the Imaging System. However, without a plan for constant review and update, even archives of beautifully scanned images and comprehensive data are worthless if those archives cannot be reused because the mechanisms for accessing the media - or the applications that they run on, have become obsolete. The Museum's next step, therefore, is a policy for regular re-evaluation. Hosted by the Scholarly Text and Imaging Service (SETIS), the University of Sydney Library, and the Research Institute for Humanities and Social Sciences (RIHSS), the University of Sydney.

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    Sydney eScholarship
    Conference object . 2001
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      Sydney eScholarship
      Conference object . 2001
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    Authors: Reid, Grace;

    The 21st century has seen the education ecosystem change drastically, with the increased digitisation of the classroom and more recently the global pandemic. This thesis aimed to understand the role of the primary educational publisher in this new climate through the lens of Darnton’s (1982) revised communications circuit and gatekeeping theory. Semi-structured interviews with 10 industry professionals from the primary educational publishing sector and a website audit were used to collect data about the impact of digitisation and COVID-19 on the role of publishers, the formats of educational resources produced, and the future of the industry. The findings reveal a mission-driven industry. To support educators, publishers conduct user, market and educational research and interpret government curricula and regulations to create products underpinned by cutting-edge learning design and responsive to the demands of educators. As intermediaries in the publishing ecosystem, primary educational publishers navigate the gatekeeping forces of governments, learning design, pedagogy and technology. COVID-19 has accelerated existing trends, particularly the move to digital products, and has reinforced the importance of primary educational publishers in the minds of educators. Publishers are set to continue to adapt and solve problems, innovate within the digital space, and develop the capabilities of personalised and differentiated products without neglecting the print formats that are integral to primary education.

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    Authors: Kenna, Margaret;

    The National Archives collection comprises some 300 kilometres of records. The issue that challenges the Archives is how to promote wider accessibility and use of this vast and wonderful archival resource. The challenge is complicated by many factors including: the sheer size of the collection the value and unique nature and in some cases the fragility of the records a widely distributed population which precludes direct access to the collection Over the past year the National Archives has undertaken a project to examine ways of using digital technology to make the most appropriate parts of the collection available to distance researchers. We therefore sought to replicate the reading room experience through the Archives' website by seeking methods to digitise and publish to the web, images of paper material. The methods used and the supporting programs developed for the Archives' digitising program are unique and predicated on a need to make large volumes of records accessible quickly and cheaply. This is not a preservation method and therefore the images can be captured at a relatively low screen resolution that can be read easily and result in legible printouts. Since January 2001 digitised records have been progressively attached to the Archives' database RecordSearch. The Reference Service traditionally provided by the Archives to researchers is developing into an on-line service as researchers increasingly submit their requests electronically. In this environment the response is provided as a digital image, attached to a RecordSearch entry on the National Archives' website (www.naa.gov.au). The Archives is moving inevitably towards the virtual reading room. Hosted by the Scholarly Text and Imaging Service (SETIS), the University of Sydney Library, and the Research Institute for Humanities and Social Sciences (RIHSS), the University of Sydney.

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    Sydney eScholarship
    Conference object . 2001
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  • Authors: Chakraborty, Arpita;

    In achieving space-free preservation and open access to historical information, digitization of historical documents is an exciting and popular field of research in document analysis and recognition (DAR). Automation in the digitization of historical documents is essential to save physical space, to preserve historical documents, to integrate our valuable historical resources with current systems, and to offer public access for those documents. This process will save time and expense for processing large amounts of historical documents, and thus it has been a prime issue for many libraries or archives. To provide an effective method of information extraction from scanned historical documents, many techniques have been implemented in the literature. However, the challenge for automatic processing of digitized historical documents is in finding reliable systems or refining well-known approaches. State-of-the-art methods in various subfields of historical document analysis are mainly based on some assumptions, and are highly specific to the databases. Hence, information extraction from handwritten historical documents is not a straightforward task and the process includes several phases, from preprocessing to recognition. This study aims to automate the several processing steps in reproducing readable and dynamic forms of valuable degraded historical resources. The historical handwritten documents from Australian archives and libraries collected for this experiment are comparatively new in this field, and this study discusses the difficulties and suitability of the state-of-the-art methods for various levels of tasks. The issues that need to be tackled and solved for historical documents are mainly poor physical preservation; different writing styles; varying and challenging layout/structure; degradation due to aging; black margins and bleed-through due to scanning; significant noise due to degradation, dirt, margins and artifacts; and obsolete languages/scripts. Segmentation of handwritten double-page historical document images is a very crucial and elementary preprocessing task. In literature, the state-of-the-art methods are either data-specific (only split centrally) or inefficient in preserving text content for complex datasets. In this circumstance, this research demonstrates a fast, generic and robust method for segmenting historical handwritten double-page document images while preserving text content with zero tolerance. The key idea is to locate the transitional space between two textual contents using an 1D discreteWavelet transformation. Experimental results show that the proposed method achieves higher accuracy in minimum span of time compared with state-of-the-art page segmentation method. Removal of marginal noise from handwritten historical document images is another vital task. An overview of the literature reveals that existing marginal noise removal techniques have not yet been developed for preserving isolated side text contents such as page numbers. In this thesis, a dynamic, fast and non-parametric method to preserve text content with zero tolerance while removing marginal noise from handwritten historical document images is further proposed. The proposed method combines the two state-of-the-art approaches and endeavours to improve page segmentation in a more robust way. The effectiveness of the proximity-based approach over other approaches in regard to obtaining maximum removal result is established. On document text images, this study develops a complete restoration method for eliminating several physical degradations and simultaneously restoring the textual content of historical handwritten document images. In contrast to many conventional methods, the proposed method performs without any prior knowledge of degradation or any assumption based on the properties of the document images. To increase the performance, the proposed approach uses two different optimization models: one for denoising the scanned images by the Genetic Algorithm in an incremental evolutionary process, and the second for restoring the valuable text content by an iterative optimization process. Maximum adaptation and exploration of degraded document images during the evolutionary process provide the best restored and enhanced document images compared to the results reported from other systems. In this thesis, the modifications on piece-wise algorithm for text-line segmentation are proposed for (i) estimating vertical stripes and their widths; (ii) identifying appropriate line segments; and (iii) reducing the over-segmentation problem. It has been shown in the experiment that these modifications have enormous effect on detecting appropriate line segments in each stripe and forming the line-segments. Furthermore, an extensive investigation and experimental analysis are required to segment the overlapping and touching components. This auto digitization process in text content preservation and segmentation will assist researchers and organizations to access valuable Australian historical resources for convenience, speed and accuracy.

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    Authors: Withers, Peter;

    Anthropologists and other researchers often study kin and other social relationships. There have been numerous applications that have tried to meet the needs of researchers in this area. However, there remain numerous gaps in either the functionality, usability or affordability of existing software. Some of these needs may be as simple as quickly creating diagrams. Some are more complex, such as statistical analysis of large sets of data. Interoperability is also a crucial factor, so that data collected in one application can be transferred to another. Linking resource files or archived material to genealogies also gives the opportunity to tie together all the data that might be available – finding individuals in a genealogy or matching a given affiliation pattern, such as matrimonial rings or other kinship patterns. Finding archived material associated with an individual or with a given affiliation pattern can also greatly assist the research process.

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    Part of book or chapter of book . 2015
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    Authors: University of Sydney Library;

    The University’s digital collections and digitisation programs align with the University’s strategy of promoting understanding across institutional barriers, as well as embedded values. We commit to working across the University in the work we’re doing, as well as to create a platform to celebrate the works of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people, and to celebrate diversity and culture from our collections and those of partners. The Digitisation Framework outlines priorities, selection processes, risk management, and licensing of collections, and strategic targets for these collections.

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    Sydney eScholarship
    Other ORP type . 2020
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    Authors: Hall, Steve;

    Chadwyck-Healey have been at the forefront in creating electronic research and teaching tools for humanities academics, scholars and students around the world for over 10 years. Not surprising during that time research and teaching requirements, the legal environment, technology and user expectations have changed dramatically. Through sharing our experience of creating and publishing digital resources I will explore how many of the key issues influencing the creation and publishing of these resources have evolved during that time and take a look at the what the future may hold. I will specifically explore the issues and decisions that were taken in project/collection selection, rights acquisition, digital content creation, aggregation & integration of content, delivery platforms, customer expectations & usage and commercial models from both an editorial and commercial perspective. The presentation will draw heavily on comparisons between a 1992 landmark Chadwyck-Healey project English Poetry on CD-Rom and our new British History Online, publishing in June 2001. Hosted by the Scholarly Text and Imaging Service (SETIS), the University of Sydney Library, and the Research Institute for Humanities and Social Sciences (RIHSS), the University of Sydney.

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    Sydney eScholarship
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    Authors: Marsh, Jackie;
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    Sydney eScholarship
    Conference object . 2007
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    Authors: Byrne, A; Gibson, J; Gardiner, G; McKeough, J; +2 Authors

    The purpose of this collaborative project was to provide a preliminary investigation of the practical issues being grappled with by institutions when digitising materials generally, and when digitising Indigenous materials. The aim was to gather a variety of institutional experience, both with general approaches to digitisation and the fit within these of Indigenous Australian materials, in order to highlight the issues and to describe some approaches to dealing with Indigenous materials in the digitisation process. The identification of difficult or unresolved issues provides opportunities for further exploration of these issues to assist the development of protocols for dealing with them. To this end the project has also drawn on other sources in the literature to discuss some of these challenges.

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    UTS Institutional Repository
    External research report . 2008
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      UTS Institutional Repository
      External research report . 2008
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    Authors: Moyle, Richard;

    Although the Archive of Maori and Pacific Music is located within the University of Auckland and is used by staff and students, the last decade has seen a steady increase in the proportion of non-university users to the point now where more than 80% of people requesting copies of items in its holdings are members of the public or students from other educational institutions. Although this bias has created some difficulties of funding from a body receiving Government monies for purposes of teaching and research, the broad-based availability of ethnographic recordings is entirely within the aspirations for the Archive when it was formed in 1970 as a "national institution for the purposes of teaching and research, serving the cultural heritage needs of Maori and the indigenous peoples of the Pacific". One result of the Archive Director's years of fieldwork experience in Samoa, Tonga and the Cook Islands was recognition of the need for urgent action to conserve archival audio recordings held in at-risk conditions within insecure premises at the Government radio stations in these countries. A meeting with two influential businessmen in the music industry led to a direct approach by them to two Government Ministers who subsequently awarded the Archive funds to digitise the radio station holdings. The archival holdings of Samoa's Televise Samoa were included in the funding. Under the protocol signed with the New Zealand Ministry of Pacific Island Affairs, each organisation sent a specified quantity of its at-risk holdings, together with a technician who would receive three-weeks of training in digitisation and noise removal. The Archive offered to curate the original materials under separate contract, and made a second set of CDs for teaching and research purposes within the University. The Ministry grant covered all related expenses. All four Pacific Island organisations readily agreed to participate, but each brought a set of unexpected and often frustrating circumstances. Political difficulties soon surfaced, focusing on the ownership of the materials, and not all were resolvable. And, although the digitisation and denoising proceeded smoothly, the physical quality of the analogue tapes presented challenges. Such problems, however, were complemented by bonuses, and requests for an ongoing relationship with the Archive. The overall project was successful and plans are under way for extensions elsewhere in the Pacific. On both a philosophical and practical level, it is now realistic to consider framing future archiving directions within the South Pacific in terms of clusters of regional archives in liaison with one or more central repositories. Australian Academy of the Humanities; Australian E-Humanities Network; Research Institute for Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Sydney; School of Society, Culture and Performance, Faculty of Arts, University of Sydney

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    Authors: Donkin, Scott;

    This paper deals with the decision-making and challenges that arose out of the implementation of a large-scale digital imaging project by the Powerhouse Museum. With the implementation of the Powerhouse's Imaging Project came the creation of its Image Centre. This paper discusses its role, the services provided, preparation of its equipment and the procedures developed for capturing, storing and retrieving images. Most importantly, the issues of technological change upon an image archive are discussed. The Powerhouse Museum's Imaging System, as it stands today, does what was intended. It delivers images and related data to staff and public for the purposes of research, promotion, education and more. The Museum's Image Centre was set up to scan, manipulate, print and archive images. This Centre has evolved into a high-resolution digital imaging service and continues to create and upload images to the Imaging System. However, without a plan for constant review and update, even archives of beautifully scanned images and comprehensive data are worthless if those archives cannot be reused because the mechanisms for accessing the media - or the applications that they run on, have become obsolete. The Museum's next step, therefore, is a policy for regular re-evaluation. Hosted by the Scholarly Text and Imaging Service (SETIS), the University of Sydney Library, and the Research Institute for Humanities and Social Sciences (RIHSS), the University of Sydney.

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      Sydney eScholarship
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    Authors: Reid, Grace;

    The 21st century has seen the education ecosystem change drastically, with the increased digitisation of the classroom and more recently the global pandemic. This thesis aimed to understand the role of the primary educational publisher in this new climate through the lens of Darnton’s (1982) revised communications circuit and gatekeeping theory. Semi-structured interviews with 10 industry professionals from the primary educational publishing sector and a website audit were used to collect data about the impact of digitisation and COVID-19 on the role of publishers, the formats of educational resources produced, and the future of the industry. The findings reveal a mission-driven industry. To support educators, publishers conduct user, market and educational research and interpret government curricula and regulations to create products underpinned by cutting-edge learning design and responsive to the demands of educators. As intermediaries in the publishing ecosystem, primary educational publishers navigate the gatekeeping forces of governments, learning design, pedagogy and technology. COVID-19 has accelerated existing trends, particularly the move to digital products, and has reinforced the importance of primary educational publishers in the minds of educators. Publishers are set to continue to adapt and solve problems, innovate within the digital space, and develop the capabilities of personalised and differentiated products without neglecting the print formats that are integral to primary education.

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    Authors: Kenna, Margaret;

    The National Archives collection comprises some 300 kilometres of records. The issue that challenges the Archives is how to promote wider accessibility and use of this vast and wonderful archival resource. The challenge is complicated by many factors including: the sheer size of the collection the value and unique nature and in some cases the fragility of the records a widely distributed population which precludes direct access to the collection Over the past year the National Archives has undertaken a project to examine ways of using digital technology to make the most appropriate parts of the collection available to distance researchers. We therefore sought to replicate the reading room experience through the Archives' website by seeking methods to digitise and publish to the web, images of paper material. The methods used and the supporting programs developed for the Archives' digitising program are unique and predicated on a need to make large volumes of records accessible quickly and cheaply. This is not a preservation method and therefore the images can be captured at a relatively low screen resolution that can be read easily and result in legible printouts. Since January 2001 digitised records have been progressively attached to the Archives' database RecordSearch. The Reference Service traditionally provided by the Archives to researchers is developing into an on-line service as researchers increasingly submit their requests electronically. In this environment the response is provided as a digital image, attached to a RecordSearch entry on the National Archives' website (www.naa.gov.au). The Archives is moving inevitably towards the virtual reading room. Hosted by the Scholarly Text and Imaging Service (SETIS), the University of Sydney Library, and the Research Institute for Humanities and Social Sciences (RIHSS), the University of Sydney.

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  • Authors: Chakraborty, Arpita;

    In achieving space-free preservation and open access to historical information, digitization of historical documents is an exciting and popular field of research in document analysis and recognition (DAR). Automation in the digitization of historical documents is essential to save physical space, to preserve historical documents, to integrate our valuable historical resources with current systems, and to offer public access for those documents. This process will save time and expense for processing large amounts of historical documents, and thus it has been a prime issue for many libraries or archives. To provide an effective method of information extraction from scanned historical documents, many techniques have been implemented in the literature. However, the challenge for automatic processing of digitized historical documents is in finding reliable systems or refining well-known approaches. State-of-the-art methods in various subfields of historical document analysis are mainly based on some assumptions, and are highly specific to the databases. Hence, information extraction from handwritten historical documents is not a straightforward task and the process includes several phases, from preprocessing to recognition. This study aims to automate the several processing steps in reproducing readable and dynamic forms of valuable degraded historical resources. The historical handwritten documents from Australian archives and libraries collected for this experiment are comparatively new in this field, and this study discusses the difficulties and suitability of the state-of-the-art methods for various levels of tasks. The issues that need to be tackled and solved for historical documents are mainly poor physical preservation; different writing styles; varying and challenging layout/structure; degradation due to aging; black margins and bleed-through due to scanning; significant noise due to degradation, dirt, margins and artifacts; and obsolete languages/scripts. Segmentation of handwritten double-page historical document images is a very crucial and elementary preprocessing task. In literature, the state-of-the-art methods are either data-specific (only split centrally) or inefficient in preserving text content for complex datasets. In this circumstance, this research demonstrates a fast, generic and robust method for segmenting historical handwritten double-page document images while preserving text content with zero tolerance. The key idea is to locate the transitional space between two textual contents using an 1D discreteWavelet transformation. Experimental results show that the proposed method achieves higher accuracy in minimum span of time compared with state-of-the-art page segmentation method. Removal of marginal noise from handwritten historical document images is another vital task. An overview of the literature reveals that existing marginal noise removal techniques have not yet been developed for preserving isolated side text contents such as page numbers. In this thesis, a dynamic, fast and non-parametric method to preserve text content with zero tolerance while removing marginal noise from handwritten historical document images is further proposed. The proposed method combines the two state-of-the-art approaches and endeavours to improve page segmentation in a more robust way. The effectiveness of the proximity-based approach over other approaches in regard to obtaining maximum removal result is established. On document text images, this study develops a complete restoration method for eliminating several physical degradations and simultaneously restoring the textual content of historical handwritten document images. In contrast to many conventional methods, the proposed method performs without any prior knowledge of degradation or any assumption based on the properties of the document images. To increase the performance, the proposed approach uses two different optimization models: one for denoising the scanned images by the Genetic Algorithm in an incremental evolutionary process, and the second for restoring the valuable text content by an iterative optimization process. Maximum adaptation and exploration of degraded document images during the evolutionary process provide the best restored and enhanced document images compared to the results reported from other systems. In this thesis, the modifications on piece-wise algorithm for text-line segmentation are proposed for (i) estimating vertical stripes and their widths; (ii) identifying appropriate line segments; and (iii) reducing the over-segmentation problem. It has been shown in the experiment that these modifications have enormous effect on detecting appropriate line segments in each stripe and forming the line-segments. Furthermore, an extensive investigation and experimental analysis are required to segment the overlapping and touching components. This auto digitization process in text content preservation and segmentation will assist researchers and organizations to access valuable Australian historical resources for convenience, speed and accuracy.

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